309th Maintenance Wing
309th Troop Carrier GroupC-123[note 1]
Active	1942–1944, 1949-1951, 1955-1957, 2005-2012
Country	United States
Branch	United States Air Force
Type	Equipment Support
Part of	Air Force Materiel Command
Decorations	Air Force Outstanding Unit Award
Insignia
309th Maintenance Wing emblem(Approved 5 July 2005[1]

The309th Maintenance Wing is an inactivewing of theUnited States Air Force last based atHill Air Force Base, Utah. On July 12, 2012 it was inactivated and its function became part of theOgden Air Logistics Complex.

Thewing was established in 1942 as the309th Bombardment Group. It served as anOperational Training Unit, then as aReplacement Training Unit formedium bomber units andaircrews until 1944, when it was disbanded, when theArmy Air Forces reorganized its training units.

The unit was activated in thereserve in 1949 as the309th Troop Carrier Group, a corollary unit of the314th Troop Carrier Wing. It was inactivated in 1951 and its personnel used to man other units as a result of theKorean War. It was activated flying theChase YC-122 Avitruc, then theFairchild C-123 Provider as theUnited States Air Force's first assault airliftgroup. It deployed to Europe, but was inactivated in 1957 and its components transferred elsewhere. It was activated as a maintenance wing in 2005.

The wing was first activated in the early expansion of theArmy Air Forces duringWorld War II as the309th Bombardment Group atDavis-Monthan Field, Arizona.^[2] Its initial components were the376th,^[3]377th,^[4] and378th Bombardment Squadrons,^[5] and the37th Reconnaissance Squadron.^[6] Thegroup was anOperational Training Unit (OTU), which trainedbombardment groups until January 1943.^[7] The OTU program involved the use of an oversized parent unit to provide cadres to "satellite groups."^[8] It then became aReplacement Training Unit and trained replacementaircrews, usingNorth American B-25 Mitchell aircraft in both training programs.^[2] In addition, the group operated specialist training schools, with as many as eight in operation at once.^[7] However, the AAF found that standard military units based on relatively inflexible tables of organization were proving to be less well adapted to performing the mission, so a more functional system was adopted in which each base was organized into a separate numbered unit.^[9] As a result, the group was disbanded in 1944 and replaced by the 329th Army Air Force Base Unit (Replacement Training Unit, Medium, Bombardment), which absorbed the mission, material, and personnel of the group.^[10] The group's four squadrons became Sections A through D of the Base Unit.

The May 1949 Air Force Reserve program called for a new type of unit, the Corollary unit, which was a reserve unit integrated with an active duty unit. The plan called for corollary units at 107 locations. It was viewed as the best method to train reservists by mixing them with an existing regular unit to perform duties alongside the regular unit.^[11] As part of this program, the group was reconstituted and redesignated as the309th Troop Carrier Group atSewart Air Force Base, Tennessee. The 309th used the aircraft of the active duty314th Troop Carrier Wing, to which it was attached for training.^[1] The group was transferred toTactical Air Command in 1950, after which it apparently ceased flying operations.^[1] All reserve combat and corollary units were mobilized for theKorean War.^[12] As a result, the 309th was inactivated in February 1951 and its personnel were used to man other units.^[1]

The unit was reactivated atArdmore Air Force Base, Oklahoma in July 1955. It replaced the16th Troop Carrier Squadron, which was flying the Air Force's fleet ofChase YC-122 Avitrucs.^[13] The group became the first fixed wing assaultairlift group in the Air Force and was the first to fly theFairchild C-123B Provider.^[14] The 309th trained to airlift troops, equipment, and supplies for assault landings.^[2] After training with the463d Troop Carrier Wing, the group deployed toDreux-Louvilliers Air Base, France, ferrying its Providers over the north Atlantic. Although assigned to the60th Troop Carrier Wing shortly after its arrival in France, the group was operationally controlled by the322d Air Division. The group frequently supported airlift and fighter unitexercises involving deployments to dispersed operating bases, providing quicker and more secure transport than the road transport that had been used for these exercises prior to its arrival in Europe. However, the dispersed operating base concept proved oo costly, and other airlift requirements in Europe could be met byFairchild C-119 Flying Boxcar units, soUnited States Air Forces Europe began to question the need for the C-123 in Europe.^[15] In November 1956, the group headquarters became non-operational and on 12 March 1957, it was inactivated and its squadrons transferred to the 60th Troop Carrier Wing.^[1][16]

The wing remained inactive untilAir Force Materiel Command (AFMC) replaced many of its traditional subordinate command staff agencies with wings, groups, and squadrons in the Air Force Materiel Command Transformation Initiative. The 309th became the309th Maintenance Wing and provided depot repair, modification and maintenance for theF-22A Raptor,F-16 Fighting Falcon,A-10 Thunderbolt,C-130 Hercules, and thePeacekeeper andMinuteman IIIintercontinental ballistic missiles.^[17] In 2012, AFMC reversed this action in the process of reducing its number of centers and inactivated the wing.^[18] On 12 July 2012, all wing components at Hill were absorbed by the Ogden Air Logistics Complex and the309th Aerospace Maintenance and Regeneration Group was reassigned as the wing was inactivated on 1 October.

• Constituted as the309th Bombardment Group (Medium) on 28 January 1942^[2]

Activated on 15 March 1942

Disbanded on 1 May 1944

• Reconstituted, redesignated309th Troop Carrier Group, Medium and allotted to the reserve on 16 May 1949

Activated on 26 June 1949

Inactivated on 20 February 1951

• Redesignated309th Troop Carrier Group, Assault, Fixed Wing on 14 April 1955

Activated on 8 July 1955^[19]

Inactivated on 12 March 1957^[1]

• Redesignated309th Tactical Airlift Group on 31 July 1985^[1] (remained inactive)
• Redesignated309th Maintenance Wing on 31 January 2005^[1]

Activated on 18 February 2005^[1]

Inactivated on 1 October 2012

• Third Air Force, 28 January 1942 – 1 May 1944
• Fourteenth Air Force, 26 June 1949 (attached to 314th Troop Carrier Wing)
• Tactical Air Command, 1 August 1950 – 20 February 1951
• Eighteenth Air Force, 8 July 1955 (attached to 463d Troop Carrier Wing until 21 May 1956)^[19]
• 322d Air Division, 2 June 1956
• 60th Troop Carrier Wing, 8 August 1956 – 20 April 1958
• Ogden Air Logistics Center, 24 February 2005 - 12 July 2012^[1]

Groups

• 309th Commodities Maintenance Group, 24 February 2005 - 12 July 2012
• 309th Electronics Maintenance Group, 24 February 2005 - 12 July 2012
• 309th Maintenance & Supply Group (later 309th Aircraft Maintenance Group), 26 June 1949 - 20 February 1951 (attached); 24 February 2005 - 12 July 2012
• 309th Maintenance Support Group, 24 February 2005 - 12 July 2012
• 309th Missile Maintenance Group, 24 February 2005 - 12 July 2012
• 309th Software Maintenance Group, 24 February 2005 - 12 July 2012
• 309th Aerospace Maintenance and Regeneration Group, 2 May 2007 - 12 July 2012

Squadrons

• 37th Reconnaissance Squadron (later 426th Bombardment Squadron): 15 March 1942 – 1 May 1944
• 376th Bombardment Squadron (later 376th Troop Carrier Squadron): 15 March 1942 – 1 May 1944; 26 June 1949 – 20 February 1951; 8 July 1955 – 12 March 1957
• 377th Bombardment Squadron (later 377th Troop Carrier Squadron): 15 March 1942 – 1 May 1944; 26 June 1949 – 28 January 1950; 8 July 1955 – 12 March 1957
• 378th Bombardment Squadron (later 378th Troop Carrier Squadron): 15 March 1942 – 1 May 1944; 8 July 1955 – 12 March 1957

• Davis-Monthan Field, Arizona, 15 March 1942
• Jackson Army Air Base, Mississippi, 15 March 1942
• Key Field, Mississippi, c. 26 April 1942
• Columbia Army Air Base, South Carolina, 16 May 1942 – 1 May 1944
• Sewart Air Force Base, Tennessee, 26 June 1949 – 20 February 1951
• Ardmore Air Force Base, Oklahoma, 8 July 1955^[19]
• Dreux Air Base, France, 22 March 1956 – 12 March 1957^[1]
• Hill Air Force Base, Utah 24 February 2005 – 12 July 2012^[1]

• North American B-25 Mitchell, 1942–1944
• Douglas C-47 Skytrain, 1949-1950
• Fairchild C-82 Packet, 1949–1950
• Fairchild C-119 Flying Boxcar, 1949–1950
• Chase C-122 Avitruc, 1955–1956
• Fairchild C-123 Provider, 1955–1958

Award streamer	Award	Dates	Notes
	Air Force Outstanding Unit Award	1 January 2004-31 December 2005	309th Maintenance Wing[1]
	Air Force Outstanding Unit Award	1 January 2009-31 December 2009	309th Maintenance Wing[20]
	Air Force Outstanding Unit Award	1 January 2011-27 May 2011	309th Maintenance Wing (staff agencies)[20]

Campaign Streamer	Campaign	Dates	Notes
	American Theater without inscription	15 March 1942 – 1 May 1944	309th Bombardment Group[1]

 This article incorporatespublic domain material from the Air Force Historical Research Agency

• Craven, Wesley F; Cate, James L, eds. (1955). "Introduction".The Army Air Forces in World War II. Vol. VI, Men & Planes. Chicago, Illinois: University of Chicago Press. p. xxxvi.LCCN 48-3657.

Goss, William A (1955). "The Organization and its Responsibilities, Chapter 2 The AAF". In Craven, Wesley F; Cate, James L (eds.).The Army Air Forces in World War II. Vol. VI, Men & Planes. Chicago, Illinois: University of Chicago Press.LCCN 48003657.OCLC 704158.

• Maurer, Maurer, ed. (1983) [1961].Air Force Combat Units of World War II(PDF) (reprint ed.). Washington, DC: Office of Air Force History.ISBN 0-912799-02-1.LCCN 61060979. Archived fromthe original(PDF) on 20 December 2016.
• Maurer, Maurer, ed. (1982) [1969].Combat Squadrons of the Air Force, World War II(PDF) (reprint ed.). Washington, DC: Office of Air Force History.ISBN 0-405-12194-6.LCCN 70605402.OCLC 72556. Archived fromthe original(PDF) on 20 August 2023.
• Ravenstein, Charles A. (1984).Air Force Combat Wings, Lineage & Honors Histories 1947-1977. Washington, DC: Office of Air Force History.ISBN 0-912799-12-9.

• Hill AFB Home Page

• Maintenance wings of the United States Air Force
• Military units and formations in Utah
• Military units and formations established in 2005
• Military units and formations disestablished in 2012
• Ogden, Utah

• Use dmy dates from September 2021
• Use American English from September 2021
• All Wikipedia articles written in American English
• Articles with short description
• Short description matches Wikidata
• Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the Air Force Historical Research Agency
• CS1: long volume value