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2020 United States Senate election in Michigan

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

2020 United States Senate election in Michigan
← 2014
November 3, 2020
2026 →
 
NomineeGary PetersJohn James
PartyDemocraticRepublican
Popular vote2,734,5682,642,233
Percentage49.90%48.22%
County results
Congressional district results
Precinct results
Peters:     40–50%     50–60%     60–70%     70–80%     80–90%     >90%
James:     40–50%     50–60%     60–70%     70–80%     80–90%     >90%
Tie:     40–50%     50%     No data
U.S. senator before election

Gary Peters
Democratic

Elected U.S. Senator

Gary Peters
Democratic

Elections in Michigan
U.S. President
Presidential Primaries
U.S. Senate
U.S. House
Other localities

The2020 United States Senate election in Michigan was held on November 3, 2020, to elect a member of theUnited States Senate to representMichigan. It was held concurrently with the2020 U.S. presidential election, as well asother elections to the United States Senate,elections to theUnited States House of Representatives, and variousstate and local elections.

This race was one of two Democratic-held U.S. Senate seats up for election in 2020 in a state Donald Trump won in 2016.[1] The primary was held on August 4.[2]

The filing deadline for candidates to run in the primary was April 21,[3] but this was extended to May 8 due to theCOVID-19 pandemic.[4] The election was considered a potential upset pickup by the Republicans due to the state's demographic trends, Donald Trump's upset win in 2016, andRepublican candidateJohn James exceeding expectations in the2018 election.

Peters won election to a second term, though by a much closer margin than expected.[5] James, who outperformed Trump on the same ballot, initially refused to concede,[6]baselessly claiming in a statement published to his campaign website two days after the election that he had been "cheated" out of winning the election. The statement alleged that there were "deep concerns that millions of Michiganders may have been disenfranchised by a dishonest few who cheat."[7] On November 24, James conceded the race exactly three weeks after election day.[8] With a margin of 1.68%, this election was the second-closest race of the 2020 Senate election cycle, behind onlythe regularly-scheduled election in Georgia.

Democratic primary

[edit]

Candidates

[edit]

Nominee

[edit]

Declined

[edit]

Endorsements

[edit]
Gary Peters

Organizations

Democratic primary results

[edit]
Democratic primary results[32]
PartyCandidateVotes%
DemocraticGary Peters (incumbent)1,180,780100.0%
Total votes1,180,780100.0%

Republican primary

[edit]

Candidates

[edit]

Nominee

[edit]

Disqualified

[edit]

Declined

[edit]

Endorsements

[edit]
John James

Individuals

Organizations

Polling

[edit]
Poll sourceDate(s)
administered		Sample
size[a]		Margin
of error		John
James		Bill
Schuette		Undecided
June 6, 2019Schuette announces that he will not run by endorsing James
Target Insyght[45]April 22–25, 2019296 (LV)[b]–59%15%26%

Results

[edit]
Republican primary results[32]
PartyCandidateVotes%
RepublicanJohn James1,005,315100.0%
Total votes1,005,315100.0%

Other candidates

[edit]

Communist Party

[edit]

Withdrawn

[edit]

Green Party

[edit]

Nominee

[edit]
  • Marcia Squier(2018 Green Party nominee for US Senate)[48]

Natural Law Party

[edit]

Nominee

[edit]

U.S. Taxpayers Party

[edit]

Nominee

[edit]
  • Valerie L. Willis(switched from Republican candidacy after being disqualified for the Republican primary)[37]

Independents

[edit]
  • Leonard Gadzinski[49]

Withdrawn

[edit]

General election

[edit]

Predictions

[edit]
SourceRankingAs of
The Cook Political Report[50]Lean DOctober 29, 2020
Inside Elections[51]Lean DOctober 28, 2020
Sabato's Crystal Ball[52]Lean DNovember 2, 2020
Daily Kos[53]Lean DOctober 30, 2020
Politico[54]Lean DNovember 2, 2020
RCP[55]TossupOctober 23, 2020
DDHQ[56]Likely DNovember 3, 2020
538[57]Likely DNovember 2, 2020
Economist[58]Likely DNovember 2, 2020

Additional general election endorsements

[edit]
Gary Peters (D)

U.S. executive branch officials

U.S. senators

Organizations

Newspapers

Labor unions

Newspapers

John James (R)

U.S. executive branch officials

U.S. representatives

Newspapers

Individuals

Organizations

Polling

[edit]

Graphical summary

[edit]
%support01020304050603/10/20196/15/20209/3/202010/22/2020PetersJamesOther/UndecidedOpinion polling for the 2020 United States S...
Viewsource data.

Aggregate polls

[edit]
John James vs. Gary Peters
Source of poll aggregationDates administeredDates updatedGary PetersJohn JamesOther/Undecided[c]Margin
270 To Win[98]November 2, 2020November 3, 202049.8%42.2%8.0%Peters +7.6
Real Clear Politics[99]November 1, 2020November 3, 202049.8%44.4%5.8%Peters +5.4
Poll sourceDate(s)
administered		Sample
size[a]		Margin
of error		Gary
Peters (D)		John
James (R)		Other/
Undecided
Research Co.[100]October 31 – November 1, 2020450 (LV)± 4.6%52%37%12%[d]
Change Research/CNBC[101]October 29 – November 1, 2020383 (LV)± 5.01%51%46%3%[e]
Swayable[102]October 27 – November 1, 2020393 (LV)± 6.6%54%46%–
Ipsos/Reuters[103]October 27 – November 1, 2020654 (LV)± 4.4%51%44%5%[f]
Morning Consult[104]October 22–31, 20201,736 (LV)± 2.0%49%43%–
Emerson College[105]October 29–30, 2020700 (LV)± 3.4%52%[g]46%2%[h]
Public Policy Polling (D)[106][A]October 29–30, 2020745 (V)± 3.6%54%44%2%[i]
Targoz Market Research/PollSmart[107]October 25–30, 2020993 (LV)–54%43%2%[j]
CNN/SSRS[108]October 23–30, 2020907 (LV)± 3.8%52%40%7%[k]
Mitchell Research (R)[109]October 29, 2020817 (LV)± 3.43%50%45%5%[l]
RMG Research[110]October 27–29, 2020800 (LV)± 3.5%50%[m]41%9%[n]
52%[o]39%9%[p]
48%[q]42%9%[r]
EPIC-MRA[111]October 25–28, 2020600 (LV)± 4%47%42%11%[s]
Kiaer Research[112]October 21–28, 2020669 (LV)± 5.6%51%38%11%[t]
Mitchell Research (R)[113]October 25–27, 2020759 (LV)± 3.56%52%43%3%[u]
Tarrance Group (R)[114][B]October 24–26, 2020[v]– (V)[w]± 4.3%48%46%1%[x]
Swayable[115]October 23–26, 2020365 (LV)± 6.9%58%42%–
Siena College/NYT Upshot[116]October 23–26, 2020856 (LV)± 3.8%49%41%8%[y]
Ipsos/Reuters[117]October 20–26, 2020652 (LV)± 4.4%50%44%6%[z]
Glengariff Group[118]October 23–25, 2020600 (LV)± 4%48%39%9%[aa]
ABC/Washington Post[119]October 20–25, 2020789 (LV)± 4%52%46%2%[ab]
Gravis Marketing[120]October 24, 2020679 (LV)± 3.8%52%41%7%[ac]
Public Policy Polling (D)[121][C]October 21–22, 2020804 (V)–52%43%6%[ad]
Citizen Data[122]October 17–20, 20201,000 (LV)± 3.1%46%42%12%[ae]
FOX News[123]October 17–20, 20201,032 (LV)± 3%49%41%9%[af]
Reuters/Ipsos[124]October 14–20, 2020686 (LV)± 4.3%50%45%5%[ag]
Morning Consult[104]October 11–20, 20201,717 (LV)± 2.4%48%42%–
Change Research/CNBC[125]October 16–19, 2020718 (LV)[ah]–50%45%–
EPIC-MRA[126]October 15–19, 2020600 (LV)± 4%45%39%16%[ai]
Mitchell Research (R)[127]October 18, 2020900 (LV)± 3.27%49%43%8%[aj]
Trafalgar Group (R)/Restoration PAC[128][D]October 15–18, 20201,034 (LV)± 2.97%48%50%3%[ak]
Data For Progress[129]October 15–18, 2020830 (LV)± 3.4%48%43%9%[al]
HarrisX/The Hill[130]October 12–15, 20201,289 (LV)–50%[am]43%–
Trafalgar Group (R)[131]October 11–15, 20201,018 (LV)± 2.99%47%48%5%[an]
Reuters/Ipsos[132]October 7–13, 2020620 (LV)± 4.5%52%44%4%[ao]
EPIC-MRA[133]October 8–12, 2020600 (LV)± 4%45%39%16%[ap]
Siena College/NYT Upshot[134]October 6–11, 2020614 (LV)± 4.6%43%42%15%[aq]
Morning Consult[135]October 2–11, 20201,710 (LV)± 2.4%49%40%–
YouGov/CBS[136]October 6–9, 20201,181 (LV)± 3.3%47%44%9%[ar]
Baldwin Wallace University[137]September 30 – October 8, 20201,134 (LV)± 3.2%48%42%10%[as]
Emerson College[138]October 6–7, 2020716 (LV)± 3.6%51%41%8%[at]
Opinion Insight/American Action Forum[139][E]October 3–6, 2020800 (LV)± 3.46%49%[au]42%8%[av]
Reuters/Ipsos[140]September 29 – October 6, 2020709 (LV)± 4.2%50%43%7%[aw]
Tarrance Group (R)[141][B]October 3–5, 2020605 (RV)± 4.1%48%46%–
Change Research/CNBC[142]October 2–4, 2020676 (LV)–51%43%6%[ax]
Glengariff Group[143]September 30 – October 3, 2020600 (LV)± 4%45%40%16%[ay]
Public Policy Polling (D)[144][F]September 30 – October 1, 2020746 (V)–48%41%10%[az]
Trafalgar Group (R)/Restoration PAC[145][146][G]September 26–28, 20201,042 (LV)± 2.95%48%47%5%[ba]
Trafalgar Group (R)[147]September 23–25, 20201,047 (LV)± 2.95%47%47%6%[bb]
Marist College/NBC[148]September 19–23, 2020799 (LV)± 4.3%49%44%7%[bc]
Baldwin Wallace University[149]September 9–22, 20201,001 (LV)± 3.6%46%41%13%
Change Research/CNBC[150]September 18–20, 2020568 (LV)–50%44%5%[bd]
Morning Consult[151]September 11–20, 20201,376 (LV)± (2% – 7%)47%[be]40%–
Hart Research Associates (D)[152][H]September 17–19, 2020400 (LV)± 4.9%50%42%–
Data for Progress (D)[153]September 14–19, 2020455 (LV)± 4.6%47%42%12%[bf]
Marketing Resource Group (R)[154]September 14–19, 2020600 (LV)± 4.0%42%40%20%[bg]
Morning Consult[155]September 8–17, 20201,451 (LV)[bh]± (2% – 4%)48%40%–
Ipsos/Reuters[156]September 11–16, 2020637 (LV)± 4.4%49%43%7%[bi]
EPIC-MRA[157]September 10–15, 2020600 (LV)± 4%45%41%14%[bj]
Redfield & Wilton Strategies[158]September 12–14, 2020930 (LV)± 3.21%51%35%13%[bk]
Benenson Strategy Group/GS Strategy Group[159][I]August 28 – September 8, 20201,600 (LV)± 2.5%45%41%14%[bl]
Change Research/CNBC[160]September 4–6, 2020876 (LV)± 3.2%50%46%5%[bm]
Rasmussen Reports[161]September 2–3, 20201,000 (LV)± 3.0%48%40%13%[bn]
Glengariff Group/Detroit News[162]September 1–3, 2020600 (LV)± 4.0%44%41%14%[bo]
Tarrance Group (R)[163][B]September 1–3, 2020569 (RV)–47%46%7%[bp]
Redfield & Wilton Strategies[164]August 30 – September 3, 2020967 (LV)± 3.2%50%38%12%[bq]
Opinion Insight/American Action Forum[165][E]August 30 – September 2, 2020802 (LV)± 3.46%49%[br]42%8%[bs]
Public Policy Polling (D)[166][F]August 28–29, 2020897 (V)± 3.2%47%39%14%[bt]
Change Research/CNBC[167]August 21–23, 2020809 (LV)± 3.4%50%45%6%[bu]
Trafalgar Group (R)[168]August 14–23, 20201,048 (LV)± 3.0%47%48%5%[bv]
Redfield & Wilton Strategies[169]August 16–18, 2020812 (LV)± 3.4%48%39%13%[bw]
Hodas & Associates/Restoration PAC (R)[170][J][171]August 11–15, 2020600 (LV)–53%39%8%[bx]
Tarrance Group (R)[163][B]August 10–13, 2020602 (RV)± 4.1%49%44%7%
Change Research/CNBC[172]August 7–9, 2020413 (LV)± 4.6%48%45%7%[by]
EPIC-MRA[173]July 25–30, 2020600 (LV)± 4.0%50%40%10%[bz]
Public Policy Polling (D)[174][F]July 28–29, 2020876 (V)± 3.2%47%39%13%[ca]
Change Research/CNBC[175]July 24–26, 2020413 (LV)± 4.8%48%44%8%
Morning Consult[176]July 17–26, 20201,320 (LV)± 3.0%49%35%16%
CNN/SSRS[177]July 18–24, 2020927 (RV)± 3.8%54%38%8%[cb]
Redfield & Wilton Strategies[178]July 19–23, 2020811 (LV)± 3.2%52%35%13%[cc]
Gravis Marketing[179][180]July 22, 2020754 (LV)± 3.6%49%39%11%[cd]
Marketing Resource Group (R)[181]July 19–21, 2020600 (LV)± 4.0%41%34%26%[ce]
FOX News[182]July 18–20, 2020756 (RV)± 3.5%48%38%15%[cf]
Hodas & Associates/Restoration PAC (R)[183][184]July 13–16, 2020600 (LV)± 4.0%51%40%9%[cg]
Spry Strategies (R)[185][K]July 11–16, 2020600 (LV)± 3.7%47%37%15%[ch]
Change Research/CNBC[186]July 10–12, 2020824 (LV)± 2.8%50%43%6%[ci]
Public Policy Polling (D)[187][L]July 9–10, 20201,041 (V)± 3.2%49%42%9%
Change Research/CNBC[188]June 26–28, 2020699 (LV)[cj]± 3.9%49%42%9%[ck]
Public Policy Polling (D)[189][F]June 26–27, 20201,237 (V)± 3.2%47%39%14%[cl]
Hodas & Associates/Restoration PAC (R)[190]June 17–20, 2020600 (LV)± 4.0%51%38%12%[cm]
NYT Upshot/Siena College[191]June 8–17, 2020610 (RV)± 4.3%41%31%29%[cn]
Redfield & Wilton Strategies[192]June 14–16, 2020826 (LV)± 3.4%50%32%18%[co]
Marketing Resource Group (R)[193]June 12–15, 2020600 (LV)± 4.0%36%30%33%[cp]
American Greatness/TIPP (R)[194]June 9–12, 2020907 (RV)± 3.3%47%35%17%[cq]
Kiaer Research[195]May 31 – June 7, 2020543 (LV)± 6.4%48%32%20%[cr]
EPIC-MRA[196]May 30 – June 3, 2020600 (LV)± 4.0%51%36%13%[cs]
Public Policy Polling (D)[197][F]May 29–30, 20201,582 (V)± 2.5%48%39%13%[ct]
Change Research/Crooked Media[198]May 11–17, 20203,070 (LV)± 2.6%48%43%9%
Hodas & Associates/Restoration PAC (R)[199]May 1–5, 2020600 (LV)± 3.0%48%36%17%[cu]
Public Policy Polling (D)[200]April 28–29, 20201,270 (V)± 3.2%46%37%17%
FOX News[201]April 18–21, 2020801 (RV)± 3.5%46%36%13%
Hodas & Associates/Restoration PAC (R)[202][203]April 9–18, 2020600 (LV)± 3.0%46%37%17%
Public Policy Polling (D)[204]March 31 – April 1, 20201,019 (V)± 3.1%45%38%17%
Spry Strategies (R)[205]March 30 – April 1, 2020602 (LV)± 4.0%42%40%18%
Hodas & Associates/Restoration PAC (R)[206]March 12–21, 2020600 (LV)± 4.0%48%39%13%
Marketing Resource Group (R)[207]March 16–20, 2020600 (LV)± 4.0%42%35%17%[cv]
Firehouse/0ptimus[208]March 5–7, 2020550 (LV)± 5.0%40%41%11%
Quinnipiac University[209]February 12–18, 2020845 (RV)± 3.4%45%39%15%
Baldwin Wallace University[210]January 8–20, 20201,023 (RV)± 3.1%42%32%26%
Glengariff Group[211]January 3–7, 2020600 (LV)± 4.0%44%40%16%
Emerson College[212]October 31 – November 3, 20191,051 (RV)± 3.5%46%40%14%
Hodas & Associates Restoration PAC (R)[213]October 10–16, 2019[cw]600 (LV)± 3.0%48%35%17%
Marketing Resource Group (R)[214]October 7–10, 2019600 (LV)± 4.0%43%40%17%
Target-Insyght/MIRS News[215]September 24–26, 2019804 (LV)± 3.5%53%37%10%
Denno Research/Vanguard PA/PSC (D)[216]September 21–24, 2019600 (LV)± 4.0%40%39%21%
Target Insyght[45]April 22–25, 2019800 (LV)± 3.5%50%36%14%
Emerson College[217]March 7–10, 2019743 (LV)± 3.5%44%43%14%
Hypothetical polling

The following poll assumes neither Republican candidate would withdraw after their primary.with Bob Carr and John James

Poll sourceDate(s)
administered		Sample
size[a]		Margin
of error		Gary
Peters (D)		Bob
Carr (R)		John
James (R)		Undecided
Baldwin Wallace University Great Lakes[218]March 17–25, 2020822 (RV)± 3.8%40%6%[cx]27%28%

with Bill Schuette

Poll sourceDate(s)
administered		Sample
size[a]		Margin
of error		Gary
Peters (D)		Bill
Schuette (R)		Undecided
Target Insyght[45]April 22–25, 2019800 (LV)± 3.5%51%32%17%

with Gary Peters and Generic Republican

Poll sourceDate(s)
administered		Sample
size[a]		Margin
of error		Gary
Peters (D)		Generic
Republican		Undecided
Denno Research/Vanguard PA (D)[219]May 8–10, 2019600 (LV)± 4.0%42%36%21%

with Gary Peters and Generic Opponent

Poll sourceDate(s)
administered		Sample
size[a]		Margin
of error		Gary
Peters (D)		Generic
Opponent		Undecided
MRG[220]Jun 12–15, 2020600 (LV)± 4.0%19.2%30.3%[cy]50.5%

with Generic Democrat and Generic Republican

Poll sourceDate(s)
administered		Sample
size[a]		Margin
of error		Generic
Democrat		Generic
Republican		OtherUndecided
Glengariff Group/Detroit News[221]October 23–25, 2020600 (LV)± 4%47%41%––
Ipsos/Reuters[156]September 11–16, 2020637 (LV)± 4.4%47%43%2%[cz]8%[da]
Hodas & Associates/Restoration PAC[170][M]August 11–15, 2020600 (LV)–48%39%–13%
Hodas & Associates/Restoration PAC (R)[183][184]July 13–16, 2020600 (LV)± 4.0%49%38%–13%
Hodas & Associates/Restoration PAC (R)[222]June 17–20, 2020600 (LV)± 4.0%50%34%–15%
Hodas & Associates/Restoration PAC (R)[199]May 1–5, 2020600 (LV)± 3.0%43%38%15%[db]–
Hodas & Associates/Restoration PAC (R)[223]April 9–18, 2020600 (LV)± 3.0%40%44%16%[dc]–
Hodas & Associates/Restoration PAC (R)[224]March 12–21, 2020600 (LV)± 4.0%46%42%12%[dd]–

Results

[edit]
Swing by county
Legend
  •   Democratic—+5-10%
  •   Democratic—+<5%
  •   Republican—+<5%
  •   Republican—+5-10%
  •   Republican—+10-15%
  •   Republican—+15-20%
  •   Republican—+20-25%
  •   Republican—+25-30%
  •   Republican—+30-35%
  •   Republican—+35-40%
  •   Republican—+>40%
Trend by county
Legend
  •   Democratic—+<5%
  •   Republican—+<5%
  •   Republican—+5-10%
  •   Republican—+10-15%
  •   Republican—+15-20%
  •   Republican—+20-25%
  •   Republican—+25-30%
  •   Republican—+30-35%
  •   Republican—+35-40%
  •   Republican—+>40%
County flips
Legend

  • Democratic

      Hold

    Republican

      Hold
      Gain from Democratic

2020 United States Senate election in Michigan[225]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
DemocraticGary Peters (incumbent)2,734,56849.90%−4.71%
RepublicanJohn James2,642,23348.22%+6.89%
ConstitutionValerie Willis50,5970.92%−0.28%
GreenMarcia Squier39,2170.72%−0.12%
Natural LawDoug Dern13,0930.24%N/A
Write-in120.00%±0.00%
Total votes5,479,720100.0%
Democratichold

By county

[edit]
By county
County[226]Gary Peters
Democratic		John James
Republican		Valerie Willis
Constitution		Marcia Squier
Green		Doug Dern
Natural Law		Write-inMarginTotal
votes
#%#%#%#%#%#%#%
Alcona2,28432.644,61465.94500.72340.49150.2100.00-2,330-33.306,997
Alger2,08941.112,91957.44360.71310.6170.1400.00-830-16.335,082
Allegan22,93934.5242,36263.765940.894160.631320.2020.00-19,423-29.2366,445
Alpena6,27337.4010,25761.161190.71820.49400.2400.00-3,984-23.7616,771
Antrim5,75836.279,92462.51820.52860.54270.1700.00-4,166-26.2415,877
Arenac3,08535.415,44362.481031.18480.55330.3800.00-2,358-27.078,712
Baraga1,52838.202,40960.22310.77230.5890.2300.00-881-22.024,000
Barry11,36931.9623,49966.063661.032410.68950.2700.00-12,130-34.1035,570
Bay27,07245.5231,31452.655610.943820.641430.2400.00-4,242-7.1359,472
Benzie5,32843.786,69254.99580.48660.54250.2100.00-1,364-11.2112,169
Berrien34,77742.8744,80155.237640.945680.702090.2600.00-10,024-12.3681,119
Branch6,11930.1713,68267.472781.371320.65690.3400.00-7,563-37.2920,280
Calhoun28,14542.9335,78654.598671.325470.832110.3200.00-7,641-11.6665,556
Cass8,56533.1316,81465.042530.981610.62580.2200.00-8,249-31.9125,851
Charlevoix6,66439.4610,03059.39830.49820.49290.1700.00-3,366-19.9316,888
Cheboygan5,47534.8010,02663.721210.77820.52300.1900.00-4,551-28.9215,734
Chippewa6,72938.4810,49760.021280.731020.58330.1900.00-3,768-21.5417,489
Clare5,37233.3510,46864.991250.78960.60470.2900.00-5,096-31.6416,108
Clinton21,49045.3225,26953.293040.642660.56860.1800.00-3,779-7.9747,415
Crawford2,65334.105,02164.54520.67340.44200.2600.00-2,368-30.447,780
Delta7,82737.4212,82861.331260.60970.46390.1900.00-5,001-23.9120,917
Dickinson4,88133.699,43165.10880.61650.45210.1500.00-4,550-31.4114,486
Eaton31,46049.4730,87648.566421.014510.711580.2500.005840.9263,587
Emmet9,21641.8512,50656.79970.441520.69510.2300.00-3,290-14.9422,022
Genesee120,38054.9494,50543.132,2101.011,5090.695060.2300.0025,87511.81219,110
Gladwin4,90534.159,24564.361190.83590.41360.2500.00-4,340-30.2114,364
Gogebic3,55643.734,43654.55640.79580.71180.2200.00-880-10.828,132
Grand Traverse27,29145.6131,79253.132690.453970.66910.1500.00-4,501-7.5259,840
Gratiot6,85636.1811,74661.991650.871260.66550.2900.00-4,890-25.8118,948
Hillsdale6,23727.1916,22770.732511.091540.67730.3200.00-9,990-43.5422,942
Houghton7,94143.2810,15155.32890.491420.77270.1500.00-2,210-12.0418,350
Huron6,02133.4911,73065.251150.64650.36450.2500.00-5,709-31.7617,976
Ingham92,37864.3548,37833.701,2600.881,2180.853230.2200.0044,00030.65143,557
Ionia10,63933.5020,36164.104361.372390.75870.2700.00-9,722-30.6131,762
Iosco5,80438.359,04059.731531.01950.63430.2800.00-3,236-21.3815,135
Iron2,55438.014,06360.47510.76390.58120.1800.00-1,509-22.466,719
Isabella13,84947.6214,67350.452430.842330.80870.3000.00-824-2.8329,085
Jackson32,64940.9745,05456.541,0961.386200.782620.3300.00-12,405-15.5779,681
Kalamazoo78,84255.4460,22742.351,3710.961,4561.023180.2210.0018,61513.09142,215
Kalkaska3,01328.667,32869.70750.71700.67270.2600.00-4,315-41.0410,513
Kent175,25648.86176,79549.292,9480.822,9560.827220.2000.00-1,539-0.43358,677
Keweenaw68644.6983754.5310.0780.5230.1900.00-151-9.841,535
Lake2,28636.733,80461.12851.37280.45210.3400.00-1,518-24.396,224
Lapeer16,59031.9434,34066.125811.122830.541430.2800.00-17,750-34.1851,937
Leelanau8,27749.178,38049.78610.361000.59170.1000.00-103-0.6116,835
Lenawee19,76737.6431,65960.285391.034130.791390.2600.00-11,892-22.6452,517
Livingston46,11836.6877,80261.898450.677020.562500.2000.00-31,684-25.20125,717
Luce85528.742,07069.58230.77160.54110.3700.00-1,215-40.842,975
Mackinac2,63837.774,26361.03430.62330.4780.1100.00-1,625-23.266,985
Macomb224,44846.14252,05251.815,1111.053,5320.731,3340.2750.00-27,604-5.67486,482
Manistee5,99541.178,35657.381010.69810.56300.2100.00-2,361-16.2114,563
Marquette20,40854.8916,24743.701790.483020.81420.1100.004,16111.1937,178
Mason6,66038.8210,23859.671140.661110.65350.2000.00-3,578-20.8517,158
Mecosta7,22834.6613,27563.651670.801430.69430.2100.00-6,047-28.9920,856
Menominee4,23034.497,79563.561281.04760.62350.2900.00-3,565-29.0712,264
Midland19,92740.9628,05757.673230.662400.491020.2100.00-8,130-16.7148,649
Missaukee1,99922.966,59875.78450.52490.56160.1800.00-4,599-52.828,707
Monroe32,72138.3950,58059.341,0091.186380.752840.3300.00-17,859-20.9585,232
Montcalm9,71430.7121,14666.864301.362110.671270.4000.00-11,432-36.1531,628
Montmorency1,71729.584,02969.41320.55140.24130.2200.00-2,312-39.835,805
Muskegon44,19248.5344,63749.021,1571.278100.892570.2800.00-445-0.4991,053
Newaygo7,69628.6118,59369.133321.231740.651010.3800.00-10,897-40.5126,896
Oakland418,31254.78334,62943.824,6940.614,7460.621,2120.1610.0083,68310.96763,594
Oceana4,79634.458,80863.281601.15960.69600.4300.00-4,012-28.8213,920
Ogemaw3,78832.247,75866.041020.87560.48440.3700.00-3,970-33.7911,748
Ontonagon1,46439.002,22559.27310.83260.6980.2100.00-761-20.273,754
Osceola3,22626.398,80872.061020.83520.43350.2900.00-5,582-45.6712,223
Oscoda1,38428.643,37669.87400.83240.5080.1700.00-1,992-41.234,832
Otsego4,70332.159,72766.49900.62730.50370.2500.00-5,024-34.3414,630
Ottawa59,18735.29106,10863.271,0420.621,0900.652730.1610.00-46,921-27.98167,701
Presque Isle3,05636.855,16762.30370.45210.25130.1600.00-2,111-25.458,294
Roscommon5,30935.669,38563.03890.60660.44400.2700.00-4,076-27.3814,889
Saginaw51,52050.3549,20948.098600.845250.512100.2100.002,3112.26102,324
Sanilac6,24428.1115,54469.982170.981350.61730.3300.00-9,300-41.8722,213
Schoolcraft1,71236.642,90562.18270.58170.36110.2400.00-1,193-25.544,672
Shiawassee15,83040.8822,11057.104241.092450.631160.3000.00-6,280-16.2238,725
St. Clair31,84635.1856,47662.381,1901.316920.763300.3610.00-24,630-27.2090,535
St. Joseph8,82431.9918,01865.333901.412400.871090.4000.00-9,194-33.3427,581
Tuscola9,42232.3419,17465.812961.021760.60690.2400.00-9,752-33.4729,137
Van Buren15,94441.2021,81656.374771.233360.871260.3300.00-5,872-15.1738,699
Washtenaw150,52970.0860,74528.281,2270.571,9620.913250.1510.0089,78441.80214,789
Wayne582,36767.50260,14630.1510,8041.256,8790.802,6230.3000.00322,22137.35862,819
Wexford5,68431.3812,12266.931490.821160.64410.2300.00-6,438-35.5518,112
Totals2,734,56849.902,642,23348.2250,5970.9239,2170.7213,0930.24120.0092,3351.685,479,720

Counties that flipped from Democratic to Republican

By congressional district

[edit]

Despite losing the state, James won eight of 14 congressional districts, including one that elected a Democrat.[227]

DistrictPetersJamesRepresentative
1st41%58%Jack Bergman
2nd41%57%Bill Huizenga
3rd45%53%Justin Amash
Peter Meijer
4th38%61%John Moolenaar
5th53%45%Dan Kildee
6th44%53%Fred Upton
7th42%56%Tim Walberg
8th48%51%Elissa Slotkin
9th56%42%Andy Levin
10th36%63%Paul Mitchell
Lisa McClain
11th50%49%Haley Stevens
12th63%34%Debbie Dingell
13th78%19%Rashida Tlaib
14th78%20%Brenda Lawrence

Analysis

[edit]

Polls indicated that the race would be close, with Peters leading in most polls. In 2018, Michigan voters approved "no reason required" absentee balloting.[228] TheCOVID-19 pandemic led to a record number of absentee voters.[229] Michigan law at that time did not allow for early tabulating of absentee ballots,[230][231] so the absentee ballots were tabulated after completing the tabulating of ballots from polling places. This created a "mirage" effect because more Republicans voted on election day, and more Democrats voted by absentee ballot.[232] James was ahead when the counting of election day ballots was completed. When the absentee ballots were tabulated, and with 98% of the votes counted, Peters was declared the winner by a tight margin of one percentage point after a day of waiting.[233] When the results were certified on November 23, Peters' margin of victory was 1.68%.[234]

Peters was able to win re-election by running up a big margin inWayne County, home ofDetroit, winning over 67% of the vote there. He also managed to improve his performance in the reliably DemocraticWashtenaw County, home ofAnn Arbor, improving on his 2014 election by almost three percentage points. He also came within just 1,139 votes of winningKent County, home ofGrand Rapids, having lost the county by over eight percentage points six years prior. Peters was sworn in for his second term on January 3, 2021. His term will expire on January 3, 2027.

African-Americans in Detroit were a major demographic contributing to Peters winning the election.[235] James would later beelected as a representative inMichigan's 10th congressional district in 2022.

Litigation

[edit]

After Peters took the lead in the election on the 4th, James refused to concede the race. The following day, James claimed that he had been cheated out of winning the election in a statement published on his campaign website. The statement said that there were "[...] deep concerns that millions of Michiganders may have been disenfranchised by a dishonest few who cheat" and that "[...] there is enough credible evidence to warrant an investigation to ensure that elections were conducted in a transparent, legal and fair manner."[7] A lawyer for James' campaign alleged that fraud was committed at theTCF Center, which the Trump campaign had also attempted to claim in a dismissed lawsuit.[6][236][237] James conceded the election to Peters on November 24.[238]

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^abcdefgKey:
    A – all adults
    RV – registered voters
    LV – likely voters
    V – unclear
  2. ^Sample size estimated by multiplying the total sample size with the percentage of it that identifies as Republican
  3. ^Calculated by taking the difference of 100% and all other candidates combined.
  4. ^"Someone else" with 2%; Undecided with 10%
  5. ^"Refused" with 1%; Did not vote and would not vote with 0%; Undecided with 2%
  6. ^"Some other candidate" with 3%; would not vote with 0%; Undecided with 2%
  7. ^With voters who lean towards a given candidate
  8. ^"Someone else" with 2%
  9. ^Squier (G) with 0%; Undecided with 2%
  10. ^"Not sure/Someone else/Undecided" with 2%
  11. ^Squier (G) with 3%; "None of these" with 1%; "Other" with 0%; Undecided with 3%
  12. ^"Other" with 3%; Undecided with 2%
  13. ^Standard VI response
  14. ^"Other" with 3%; Undecided with 6%
  15. ^Results generated with high Democratic turnout model
  16. ^"Other" with 3%; Undecided with 6%
  17. ^Results generated with high Republican turnout model
  18. ^"Other" with 3%; Undecided with 6%
  19. ^"Third party" with 5%; "Undecided/Refused" with 6%
  20. ^"Other/third party" with 2%; Undecided with 9%
  21. ^Undecided with 3%
  22. ^Additional details sourced from FiveThirtyEight
  23. ^Not yet released
  24. ^Undecided with 1%
  25. ^Squier (G) and would not vote with 1%; Dern (Natural Law), "Someone else" and Willis (Taxpayers) with 0%; "Undecided/Refused" with 6%
  26. ^"Some other candidate" with 4%; would not vote with 0%; "Undecided/Refused" with 2%
  27. ^Undecided with 9%
  28. ^"Other" with 1%; "None of these" with 0%; would not vote with no voters; Undecided with 1%
  29. ^Undecided with 7%
  30. ^Undecided with 6%
  31. ^"Other" with 1%; Undecided with 11%
  32. ^"Other" with 3%; would not vote with 1%; Undecided with 5%
  33. ^"Some other candidate" with 3%; would not vote with 0%; "Undecided/Refused" with 2%
  34. ^Additional data sourced from FiveThirtyEight
  35. ^"Third party candidate" with 5%; "Undecided/Refused" with 11%
  36. ^Undecided with 8%
  37. ^"Someone else" and Undecided with 1%
  38. ^Undecided with 9%
  39. ^Additional data sourced from FiveThirtyEight
  40. ^"Someone else" and Undecided with 3%
  41. ^"Some other candidate" with 2%; would not vote with 0%; "Undecided/Refused" with 2%
  42. ^"Third party candidate" with 5%; "Undecided/Refused" with 11%
  43. ^Squier (G) and would not vote with 1%; Dern (Natural Law), "someone else" and Willis (Taxpayers Party) with 0%; "Undecided/Refused" with 13%
  44. ^"Someone else" with 1%; Undecided with 8%
  45. ^Undecided with 10%
  46. ^"Someone else" with 2%; Undecided with 6%
  47. ^With voters who lean towards a given candidate
  48. ^Did/would not vote with 1%; Undecided with 6%
  49. ^"Some other candidate" with 3%; would not vote with 1%; "Undecided/Refused" with 3%
  50. ^"Do not recall" with 1%; "Did not vote" and would not vote with 0%; Undecided with 5%
  51. ^"Refused" with 2%; "Third Party" with 1%; Undecided with 13%
  52. ^Squier (G) with 3%; Undecided with 7%
  53. ^"Another Party Candidate" with 2%; Undecided with 4%
  54. ^"Another Party Candidate" with 2%; Undecided with 4%
  55. ^"Other" with 1%; Undecided with 6%
  56. ^Would not vote with 2%; Undecided with 3%
  57. ^Overlapping sample with the previous Morning Consult poll, but more information available regarding sample size
  58. ^Undecided with 12%
  59. ^"Someone else" with 8%; "Refused" and would not vote with 1%; Undecided with 10%
  60. ^Additional data sourced from FiveThirtyEight
  61. ^"Some other candidate" with 1%; would not vote with 0%; Undecided with 6%
  62. ^"Third party candidate" with 5%; "Undecided/Refused" with 9%
  63. ^"Another Third Party/Write-in" with 2%; Undecided with 11%
  64. ^Squier (G) with 2%; Willis (Taxpayers Party) with 1%; Dern (Natural Law) and "someone else" with 0%; Undecided with 11%
  65. ^Would not vote with 1%; Undecided with 4%
  66. ^"Some other candidate" with 3%; Undecided with 10%
  67. ^Undecided with 14%
  68. ^"Other candidates" with 3%; Undecided with 4%
  69. ^"Another Third Party/Write-in" with 1%; Undecided with 11%
  70. ^With voters who lean towards a given candidate
  71. ^Would not vote with 1%; Undecided with 7%
  72. ^Squier (G) with 4%; Undecided with 10%
  73. ^Would not vote with 1%; Undecided with 5%
  74. ^"Another party candidate" with 2%; Undecided with 3%
  75. ^"Third party/write-in" with 1%; Undecided with 12%
  76. ^Undecided with 8%
  77. ^Would not vote with 2%; Undecided with 5%
  78. ^"Undecided/refused" with 10%
  79. ^"Third party" with 4%; Undecided with 9%
  80. ^"None of the above/neither" with 2%; "Other" with 0%; Undecided with 6%
  81. ^"Third party/write-in" with 2%; Undecided with 11%
  82. ^Undecided with 11%
  83. ^"Someone else" with 14%; "refused" and would not vote with 0%; Undecided with 12%
  84. ^"Other" with 3%; would not vote with 2%; Undecided with 10%
  85. ^Undecided with 9%
  86. ^"Another candidate" with 7%; Undecided with 8%
  87. ^Undecided with 5%; would not vote with 1%
  88. ^Additional data sourced from FiveThirtyEight
  89. ^Undecided with 7%; "would not vote" with 2%
  90. ^Undecided with 10%; "would not vote" with 4%
  91. ^Undecided with 12%
  92. ^Undecided with 24%; would not vote with 4%; "Another candidate" with 1%
  93. ^Undecided with 15%; "Third party/write-in" with 3%
  94. ^Undecided with 18.2%; "Someone else" with 13.7%; Would not vote with 1.5%
  95. ^Not sure with 13%; "Other" with 4%; "prefer not to answer" with 0%
  96. ^Undecided with 17%; "A different candidate" with 3%
  97. ^Includes "refused"
  98. ^"Third party" with 3%; Undecided with 10%
  99. ^Undecided with 17%
  100. ^"Someone else" with 2%; "Refused" and would not vote with 1%; Undecided with 13%
  101. ^Additional data sourced from FiveThirtyEight
  102. ^The survey indicates the candidate is called 'Bob Barr', but this is assumed to be an error.
  103. ^"It is time for someone new" with 30.3% as opposed to "Peters deserves to be re-elected"
  104. ^"Candidate from another party" with 2%
  105. ^"Prefer not to answer/refused" with 7%; "will not vote/not sure" with 1%
  106. ^"Independent/Undecided" with 15%
  107. ^"Independent/Undecided" with 16%
  108. ^"Independent/Undecided" with 12%

Partisan clients

  1. ^Progress Michigan is a non-profit that primarily supports Democratic candidates
  2. ^abcdPoll conducted for James' campaign.
  3. ^Poll sponsored by The American Bridge PAC, which exclusively supports Democratic candidates.
  4. ^The Restoration PAC is a 501 non-profit which supports Donald Trump's 2020 presidential campaign
  5. ^abThe American Action Forum is a 501 organization which usually supports Republican candidates
  6. ^abcdePoll conducted for Progress Michigan, a non-profit that primarily supports Democratic candidates.
  7. ^The Restoration PAC is a 501 non-profit which supports Donald Trump's 2020 presidential campaign
  8. ^Poll sponsored by theHuman Rights Campaign which has endorsed Biden prior to this poll's sampling period.
  9. ^Poll sponsored byAARP.
  10. ^The Restoration PAC is a 501 non-profit which supports Donald Trump's 2020 presidential campaign
  11. ^This poll's sponsor is the American Principles Project, a 501 that supports the Republican Party.
  12. ^Poll sponsored by Giffords, which had endorsed Peters prior to the sampling period
  13. ^The Restoration PAC is a 501 non-profit which supports Donald Trump's 2020 presidential campaign

References

[edit]
This articlehas an unclearcitation style. The references used may be made clearer with a different or consistent style ofcitation andfootnoting.(July 2023) (Learn how and when to remove this message)
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  6. ^abGary Peters says John James' refusal to concede election '...pathetic'Archived November 6, 2020, at theWayback MachineOakland Press
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  74. ^"Endorsements".Progressive Turnout Project.
  75. ^The Detroit Free Press endorses Gary Peters.https://www.freep.com/story/opinion/editorials/2020/09/27/detroit-free-press-endorsement-gary-peters-u-s-senate/5797849002/
  76. ^"2020 Endorsements".Council 25. January 22, 2020. Archived fromthe original on June 30, 2020. RetrievedJuly 29, 2020.
  77. ^"2020 Endorsed Candidates". Archived fromthe original on July 29, 2020. RetrievedJuly 29, 2020.
  78. ^abcde"U.S. Sen. Gary Peters endorsed by 20 labor groups on Labor Day".Detroit News. September 7, 2020.
  79. ^"IFPTE Releases Its 2020 Congressional Endorsements".ifpte.org. International Federation of Professional and Technical Engineers. July 6, 2020. Archived fromthe original on October 26, 2020. RetrievedSeptember 21, 2020.
  80. ^"Endorsements – MI AFL-CIO".miaflcio.org. Michigan AFL–CIO.
  81. ^"2020 Endorsements".Michigan Laborers Union. September 12, 2024.
  82. ^"Michigan – Official UAW Endorsements".uawendorsements.org. United Automobile Workers.
  83. ^James, John [@JohnJamesMI] (October 27, 2020)."I am honored to have former Governor and U.N. Ambassador Haley joining us here in Michigan on the campaign trail. She knows what's at stake this election and I am grateful to have her support on our mission to protect the American Dream. Join us: https://t.co/Y3QKyKFTt1 https://t.co/snJFYDGisf" (Tweet).Archived from the original on November 19, 2020. RetrievedFebruary 22, 2022 – viaTwitter.
  84. ^"Michigan Republicans believe John James is their best shot at U.S. Senate in decades".Michigan Live. January 17, 2020.
  85. ^"Trump accused of violating federal law by promoting Senate candidate John James at Ypsilanti event".Detroit Metro Times. Archived fromthe original on September 3, 2020. RetrievedAugust 31, 2020.
  86. ^Crenshaw, Dan [@DanCrenshawTX] (October 16, 2020)."John James is gonna be a Senator soon. Must watch 👇 https://t.co/elb01tpRo0" (Tweet).Archived from the original on January 6, 2021. RetrievedFebruary 22, 2022 – viaTwitter.
  87. ^abcJames, John [@JohnJamesMI] (October 26, 2020)."I'm honored to have the endorsement of these trusted & respected newspapers. From neglected neighborhoods to forgotten farms, MI deserves better representation. I promise to get results these next 6 years, regardless of who's in the majority or in the WH. https://t.co/0aBQd3BYbM https://t.co/L604aukwrj" (Tweet).Archived from the original on November 19, 2020. RetrievedFebruary 22, 2022 – viaTwitter.
  88. ^James, John [@JohnJamesMI] (October 22, 2020)."It is an honor to have the endorsement of @detroitnews. Michigan stands to gain increased influence in the Senate, representation for underrepresented Americans & a leader on COVID recovery and economic growth. We have the choice between a war fighter or a gaslighter. #LetsFlyMI https://t.co/rfaJJuu8Ok" (Tweet).Archived from the original on November 16, 2020. RetrievedFebruary 22, 2022 – viaTwitter.
  89. ^"John James endorsed by major newspaper that previously supported his Democratic opponent". October 24, 2020. RetrievedOctober 29, 2020.
  90. ^Alley, Kirstie [@kirstiealley] (October 27, 2020)."VOTE FOR JOHN JAMES FROM MICHIGAN!!! HE WILL WORK HARD FOR YOU! @JohnJamesMI" (Tweet).Archived from the original on October 6, 2021. RetrievedFebruary 22, 2022 – viaTwitter.
  91. ^"Trump Jr. says John James is 'all for' the president's agenda".detroitnews.com.
  92. ^abc"Republican Senate candidate John James ignores Michigan but galavants around the U.S. for super-conservative endorsements & cash | Eclectablog".www.eclectablog.com. May 5, 2020.
  93. ^"FRC Action PAC".www.frcaction.org. June 19, 2019.
  94. ^abcdef"John James' Ratings and Endorsements". RetrievedOctober 29, 2020.
  95. ^Jones, Sam."U.S., Michigan chambers back James in Michigan Senate race".Detroit News.
  96. ^"ICYMI: Michigan Farmers Back John James".John James for U.S. Senate. June 12, 2020. Archived fromthe original on June 13, 2020. RetrievedJune 13, 2020.
  97. ^"NRA-PVF - Grades - Michigan".nrapvf.org. NRA-PVF. Archived from the original on November 3, 2020.
  98. ^270 To Win
  99. ^Real Clear Politics
  100. ^Research Co.
  101. ^Change Research/CNBC
  102. ^SwayableArchived November 13, 2020, at theWayback Machine
  103. ^Ipsos/Reuters
  104. ^abMorning Consult
  105. ^Emerson College
  106. ^Public Policy Polling (D)
  107. ^Targoz Market Research/PollSmart
  108. ^CNN/SSRSArchived October 31, 2020, at theWayback Machine
  109. ^Mitchell Research (R)
  110. ^RMG ResearchArchived November 1, 2020, at theWayback Machine
  111. ^EPIC-MRA
  112. ^Kiaer Research
  113. ^Mitchell Research (R)Archived October 29, 2020, at theWayback Machine
  114. ^Tarrance Group (R)
  115. ^Swayable
  116. ^Siena College/NYT Upshot
  117. ^Ipsos/Reuters
  118. ^Glengariff Group
  119. ^ABC/Washington Post
  120. ^Gravis Marketing
  121. ^Public Policy Polling (D)
  122. ^Citizen Data
  123. ^FOX News
  124. ^Reuters/Ipsos
  125. ^Change Research/CNBC
  126. ^EPIC-MRA
  127. ^Mitchell Research (R)
  128. ^Trafalgar Group (R)/Restoration PAC
  129. ^Data For Progress
  130. ^HarrisX/The Hill
  131. ^Trafalgar Group (R)
  132. ^Reuters/Ipsos
  133. ^EPIC-MRA
  134. ^Siena College/NYT Upshot
  135. ^Morning Consult
  136. ^YouGov/CBS
  137. ^Baldwin Wallace University
  138. ^Emerson College
  139. ^Opinion Insight/American Action Forum
  140. ^Reuters/Ipsos
  141. ^Tarrance Group (R)
  142. ^Change Research/CNBC
  143. ^Glengariff Group
  144. ^Public Policy Polling (D)
  145. ^Trafalgar Group (R)/Restoration PAC
  146. ^"Trump Spends Big on TV Ads While Biden Holds Back". Wesleyan Media Project. July 2, 2020. RetrievedNovember 4, 2020.
  147. ^Trafalgar Group (R)
  148. ^Marist College/NBC
  149. ^Baldwin Wallace University
  150. ^Change Research/CNBC
  151. ^Morning Consult
  152. ^Hart Research Associates (D)[permanent dead link]
  153. ^Data for Progress (D)
  154. ^Marketing Resource Group (R)
  155. ^Morning Consult
  156. ^abIpsos/Reuters
  157. ^EPIC-MRA
  158. ^Redfield & Wilton Strategies
  159. ^Benenson Strategy Group/GS Strategy Group
  160. ^Change Research/CNBC
  161. ^Rasmussen Reports
  162. ^Glengariff Group/Detroit News
  163. ^abTarrance Group (R)
  164. ^Redfield & Wilton Strategies
  165. ^Opinion Insight/American Action Forum
  166. ^Public Policy Polling (D)
  167. ^Change Research/CNBC
  168. ^Trafalgar Group (R)
  169. ^Redfield & Wilton Strategies
  170. ^abHodas & Associates/Restoration PAC
  171. ^Restoration PAC | Who Will Stop It. RestorationPAC. September 2, 2020.Archived from the original on December 22, 2020. RetrievedFebruary 22, 2022 – viaYouTube.
  172. ^Change Research/CNBC
  173. ^EPIC-MRA
  174. ^Public Policy Polling (D)
  175. ^Change Research/CNBC
  176. ^Morning Consult
  177. ^CNN/SSRS
  178. ^Redfield & Wilton Strategies
  179. ^Gravis Marketing
  180. ^Kaplan, Douglas (July 24, 2020)."Michigan Poll Results - Gravis". Archived fromthe original on July 24, 2020. RetrievedNovember 4, 2020.
  181. ^Marketing Resource Group (R)
  182. ^FOX News
  183. ^abHodas & Associates/Restoration PAC (R)
  184. ^ab"John James outraises Democratic incumbent as other Republicans fall short".OpenSecrets. July 17, 2020.
  185. ^Spry Strategies (R)
  186. ^Change Research/CNBC
  187. ^Public Policy Polling (D)
  188. ^Change Research/CNBC
  189. ^Public Policy Polling (D)
  190. ^Hodas & Associates/Restoration PAC (R)
  191. ^NYT Upshot/Siena College
  192. ^Redfield & Wilton Strategies
  193. ^Marketing Resource Group (R)Archived June 16, 2020, at theWayback Machine
  194. ^American Greatness/TIPP (R)Archived June 16, 2020, at theWayback Machine
  195. ^Kiaer Research
  196. ^EPIC-MRA
  197. ^Public Policy Polling (D)
  198. ^Change Research/Crooked Media
  199. ^abHodas & Associates/Restoration PAC (R)
  200. ^Public Policy Polling (D)
  201. ^FOX News
  202. ^Hodas & Associates/Restoration PAC (R))
  203. ^"Restoration PAC Releases NEW John James Ad". March 28, 2020.
  204. ^Public Policy Polling (D)
  205. ^Spry Strategies (R)
  206. ^"Hodas & Associates/Restoration PAC (R)". Archived fromthe original on December 1, 2020. RetrievedMarch 27, 2020.
  207. ^Marketing Resource Group (R)Archived March 25, 2020, at theWayback Machine
  208. ^Firehouse/0ptimus
  209. ^Quinnipiac University
  210. ^Baldwin Wallace University
  211. ^Glengariff Group
  212. ^Emerson College
  213. ^Hodas & Associates Restoration PAC (R))
  214. ^Marketing Resource Group (R)
  215. ^Target-Insyght/MIRS News
  216. ^Denno Research/Vanguard PA/PSC (D)
  217. ^Emerson CollegeArchived March 10, 2019, at theWayback Machine
  218. ^Baldwin Wallace University Great Lakes
  219. ^Denno Research/Vanguard PA (D)Archived May 29, 2019, at theWayback Machine
  220. ^MRGArchived June 16, 2020, at theWayback Machine
  221. ^Glengariff Group/Detroit News
  222. ^Hodas & Associates/Restoration PAC (R)
  223. ^Hodas & Associates/Restoration PAC (R)
  224. ^Hodas & Associates/Restoration PAC (R)
  225. ^"2020 Michigan Election Results Official".Michigan Secretary of State. RetrievedNovember 23, 2020.
  226. ^"Michigan Senate Election Results 2020".National Election Pool.NBC News. March 7, 2021. RetrievedFebruary 15, 2022.
  227. ^"Dra 2020".
  228. ^Stafford, Kat."Voters approve Proposal 3, bringing sweeping changes to Michigan's election law".Detroit Free Press.
  229. ^"Record Number of Michigan Voters Fueled by Absentee Ballots". November 4, 2020. Archived fromthe original on November 4, 2020. RetrievedNovember 5, 2020.
  230. ^"Why Michigan is waiting: State law bars early counting of absentee votes".www.bridgemi.com. November 4, 2020.
  231. ^"Michigan has new voting processes for 2024. What to know | Bridge Michigan".www.bridgemi.com. August 17, 2024. RetrievedAugust 18, 2024.
  232. ^Wilkie, Christina (November 4, 2020)."What's behind Trump's early leads in Michigan and Pennsylvania".CNBC.
  233. ^Spangler, Todd."Peters defeats James in US Senate race, wins reelection".Detroit Free Press.
  234. ^"2020 Michigan Official General Election Results - 11/03/2020".mielections.us.
  235. ^Warikoo, Niraj (November 6, 2020)."Black voters in Detroit key for Joe Biden and Gary Peters' victories, advocates say".Detroit Free Press. RetrievedNovember 11, 2020.
  236. ^Trump targets Detroit, falsely claiming he won MichiganThe Detroit News
  237. ^Judge throws out Trump lawsuit over counting of Michigan ballotsDetroit Free Press
  238. ^Spangler, Todd."John James concedes to Peters in Senate race 3 weeks after election".Detroit Free Press.

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