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2018 United States Senate election in Montana

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

2018 United States Senate election in Montana

← 2012November 6, 20182024 →
Turnout71.53% (of registered voters)[1]Increase
 
NomineeJon TesterMatt Rosendale
PartyDemocraticRepublican
Popular vote253,876235,963
Percentage50.33%46.78%

County results
Precinct results
Tester:     40–50%     50–60%     60–70%     70–80%     80–90%     >90%
Rosendale:     40–50%     50–60%     60–70%     70–80%     80–90%     >90%

U.S. senator before election

Jon Tester
Democratic

Elected U.S. Senator

Jon Tester
Democratic

Elections in Montana
Presidential elections
Presidential primaries
Democratic
2000
2004
2008
2016
2020
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Republican
2008
2012
2016
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U.S. Senate elections
U.S. House of Representatives elections

The2018 United States Senate election in Montana was held on November 6, 2018, to elect a member of theUnited States Senate to represent theState of Montana, concurrently withother elections to the United States Senate,elections to theUnited States House of Representatives, and variousstate and local elections.

This was one of ten Democratic-held Senate seats up for election in a state thatDonald Trump won in the2016 presidential election. IncumbentDemocratic SenatorJon Tester was reelected to a third term, defeatingRepublicanState AuditorMatt Rosendale. Rosendale conceded on November 7, 2018.[2] This was the first Senate election in which Tester received a majority of votes. As of 2025, this is the last time Democrats won a congressional and/or statewide election in Montana.

Following his loss, Rosendale went on to run for Montana's vacant congressional seat in 2020 and won, taking office in the U.S. House of Representatives in January 2021.

Democratic primary

[edit]

Candidates

[edit]

Nominated

[edit]

Endorsements

[edit]
Jon Tester

U.S. executive branch officials

U.S. senators

Local and statewide politicians

Organizations

Results

[edit]
Democratic primary results[16]
PartyCandidateVotes%
DemocraticJon Tester (incumbent)114,948100.00%
Total votes114,948100.00%

Republican primary

[edit]

Candidates

[edit]

Nominated

[edit]

Eliminated in primary

[edit]

Withdrew

[edit]
  • Ron Murray, businessman and candidate for the state house in 2010[21][22]

Declined

[edit]

Endorsements

[edit]
Matt Rosendale

U.S. executive branch officials

U.S. senators

Individuals

Organizations

Polling

[edit]
Poll sourceDate(s)
administered
Sample
size
Margin
of error
Troy
Downing
Russell
Fagg
Al
Olszewski
Matt
Rosendale
OtherUndecided
WPA Intelligence (R-Club for Growth)[41]April 15–16, 2018503± 4.4%12%17%8%40%23%
WPA Intelligence (R-Rosendale)[42]February 5–7, 2018401± 4.4%12%11%5%28%1%[43]

Results

[edit]
Results by county
Map legend
  •   Rosendale—60–70%
  •   Rosendale—50–60%
  •   Rosendale—40–50%
  •   Rosendale—30–40%
  •   Rosendale—<30%
  •   Rosendale/Fagg tie—30–40%
  •   Fagg—30–40%
  •   Fagg—40–50%
  •   Fagg—50–60%
  •   Olszewski—30–40%
  •   Olszewski—40–50%
Republican primary results[16]
PartyCandidateVotes%
RepublicanMatt Rosendale51,85933.82%
RepublicanRuss Fagg43,46528.34%
RepublicanTroy Downing29,34119.13%
RepublicanAl Olszewski28,68118.70%
Total votes153,346100.00%

Libertarian primary

[edit]

Candidates

[edit]

Nominated

[edit]

In October 2018, Breckenridge told a reporter from theAssociated Press that he opposed the use ofdark money in politics. Breckenridge said that he realistically anticipated only receiving three or four percent of the vote in the general election, and that he endorsed Rosendale's efforts to stop the use of dark money in politics.[45] The Associated Press interpreted Breckenridge's comments as a statement that Breckenridge was dropping out of the race and endorsing Rosendale.[45] Breckenridge later stated that his use of the word "endorse" referred only to stopping the use of dark money in politics, and said he was still running for the Senate.[46][47][48]

Green Party

[edit]

Kelly won the Green Party nomination, but a Montana district court judge ruled that he had insufficient signatures to get on the ballot.[49]

Candidates

[edit]

Nominee (removed from ballot)

[edit]
  • Steve Kelly, artist and environmental activist[50]

Eliminated in primary

[edit]
  • Timothy Adams

Results

[edit]
Results by county
Map legend
  •   Kelly—100%
  •   Kelly—≥90%
  •   Kelly—80–90%
  •   Kelly—70–80%
  •   Kelly—60–70%
  •   Kelly—50–60%
  •   Kelly—40–50%
  •   Kelly/Adams tie—30–40%
  •   Kelly/Adams tie—50%
  •   Adams—50–60%
  •   Adams—60–70%
  •   Adams—100%
  •   No votes
Green primary results[16]
PartyCandidateVotes%
GreenSteve Kelly97161.22%
GreenTimothy Adams61538.78%
Total votes1,586100%

General election

[edit]

Debates

[edit]

Predictions

[edit]
SourceRankingAs of
The Cook Political Report[51]TossupOctober 26, 2018
Inside Elections[52]Tilt DNovember 1, 2018
Sabato's Crystal Ball[53]Lean DNovember 5, 2018
Daily Kos[54]TossupNovember 1, 2018
Fox News[55]Lean DNovember 1, 2018
CNN[56]Lean DNovember 1, 2018
RealClearPolitics[57]TossupNovember 5, 2018
FiveThirtyEight[58]Likely DNovember 6, 2018

Endorsements

[edit]
Jon Tester (D)

U.S. executive branch officials

U.S. senators

Newspapers

Local and statewide politicians

Organizations

Matt Rosendale (R)

U.S. executive branch officials

U.S. senators

U.S. representatives

Individuals

Organizations

Fundraising

[edit]
Campaign finance reports as of October 17, 2018
Candidate (party)Total receiptsTotal disbursementsCash on hand
Jon Tester (D)$19,499,290$17,946,600$1,612,530
Matt Rosendale (R)$5,034,075$4,515,910$524,379
Rick Breckenridge (L)---
Source: Federal Election Commission[81]

Polling

[edit]
This graph was using thelegacy Graph extension, which is no longer supported. It needs to be converted to thenew Chart extension.
Poll sourceDate(s)
administered
Sample
size
Margin
of error
Jon
Tester (D)
Matt
Rosendale (R)
Rick
Breckenridge (L)
OtherUndecided
The Trafalgar Group (R)[82]November 2–5, 2018953± 3.2%50%49%1%0%
HarrisX[83]November 1–5, 2018500± 4.4%50%42%
Change Research[84]November 2–4, 201887946%49%3%
HarrisX[85]October 31 – November 4, 2018500± 4.4%49%43%
HarrisX[86]October 30 – November 3, 2018500± 4.4%49%43%
HarrisX[87]October 29 – November 2, 2018500± 4.4%50%42%
HarrisX[88]October 28 – November 1, 2018500± 4.4%49%42%
HarrisX[89]October 27–31, 2018500± 4.4%49%42%
HarrisX[90]October 24–30, 2018700± 3.7%48%40%
Gravis Marketing[91]October 24–26, 2018782± 3.5%48%45%7%
University of Montana[92]October 10–18, 2018533± 4.3%49%39%2%10%
Montana State University Billings[93]October 8–13, 2018471± 4.5%47%38%3%12%
Montana State University Bozeman[94]September 15 – October 6, 20182,079± 2.2%46%43%3%2%7%
Public Policy Polling (D-Protect Our Care)[95]September 28, 2018594± 4.0%49%45%6%
Gravis Marketing[96]September 19–22, 2018710± 3.7%49%45%6%
Axis Research (R-NRSC)[97]September 17–19, 2018± 4.5%44%44%4%8%
AARP/Benenson Strategy Group (D)[98]September 6–16, 2018950± 3.1%50%43%2%5%
CBS News/YouGov[99]September 10–14, 201845347%45%3%5%
University of Montana[100]August 13–31, 2018466± 4.5%56%32%2%9%
WPA Intelligence (R-NRSC)[101]August 20–22, 2018600± 4.0%45%47%5%
Remington Research (R)[102]July 8–10, 20182,581± 2.0%49%46%5%
SurveyMonkey/Axios[103]June 11 – July 2, 2018974± 5.0%55%43%3%
Gravis Marketing[104]June 11–13, 2018469± 4.5%52%44%4%
Hypothetical polling
Poll sourceDate(s)
administered
Sample
size
Margin
of error
Jon
Tester (D)
Generic
Republican
Undecided
SurveyMonkey/Axios[105]February 12–March 5, 20181,484± 3.4%42%55%3%

Results

[edit]
Swing by county
Legend
  •   Democratic—+10-15%
  •   Democratic—+5-10%
  •   Democratic—+<5%
  •   Republican—+<5%
  •   Republican—+5-10%
  •   Republican—+10-15%
  •   Republican—+15-20%
  •   Republican—+20-25%
State House district results
State Senate district results
United States Senate election in Montana, 2018[106]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
DemocraticJon Tester (incumbent)253,87650.33%+1.75%
RepublicanMatt Rosendale235,96346.78%+1.92%
LibertarianRick Breckenridge14,5452.88%−3.68%
Total votes504,384100.00%N/A
Democratichold

By county

[edit]

FromSecretary of State of Montana[107]

CountyJon Tester
Democratic
Matt Rosendale
Republican
Rick Breckenridge
Libertarian
Total

votes

#%#%#%
Beaverhead1,87638.31%2,86658.53%1553.17%4,897
Big Horn3,02764.73%1,55833.32%911.95%4,676
Blaine1,96164.96%98232.53%762.52%3,019
Broadwater1,07132.84%2,08663.97%1043.19%3,261
Carbon2,68044.17%3,20952.89%1782.93%6,067
Carter12817.02%60280.05%222.93%752
Cascade17,43551.27%15,56645.77%1,0082.96%34,009
Chouteau1,27547.99%1,31249.38%702.63%2,657
Custer1,94239.77%2,76256.56%1793.67%4,883
Daniels28129.86%63167.06%293.08%941
Dawson1,23330.27%2,70066.29%1403.44%4,073
Deer Lodge2,89268.27%1,20828.52%1363.21%4,236
Fallon28121.80%95173.78%574.42%1,289
Fergus1,96433.90%3,64062.83%1893.26%5,793
Flathead19,65241.15%26,75956.03%1,3492.82%47,760
Gallatin33,25159.45%21,24837.99%1,4342.56%55,933
Garfield8111.88%57183.72%304.40%682
Glacier3,75475.14%1,15323.08%891.78%4,996
Golden Valley13028.63%30366.74%214.63%454
Granite69538.76%1,04658.34%522.90%1,793
Hill3,72958.36%2,43438.09%2273.55%6,390
Jefferson2,95443.23%3,65353.46%2263.31%6,833
Judith Basin38832.58%75263.14%514.28%1,191
Lake6,91650.22%6,49147.13%3652.65%13,772
Lewis and Clark20,50657.70%14,10639.69%9272.61%35,539
Liberty36537.21%58659.73%303.06%981
Lincoln2,90231.08%6,13765.73%2983.19%9,337
Madison1,89038.11%2,89858.44%1713.45%4,959
McCone22722.06%77375.12%292.82%1,029
Meagher31932.68%62964.45%282.87%976
Mineral78538.14%1,18157.39%924.47%2,058
Missoula41,68867.62%18,63130.22%1,3322.16%61,651
Musselshell57323.56%1,74371.67%1164.77%2,432
Park5,11452.59%4,35744.81%2532.60%9,724
Petroleum5818.59%24879.49%61.92%312
Phillips57727.71%1,42668.49%793.79%2,082
Pondera1,17643.80%1,41352.63%963.58%2,685
Powder River20320.86%74876.88%222.26%973
Powell1,02637.17%1,64159.46%933.37%2,760
Prairie17727.11%45068.91%263.98%653
Ravalli9,15639.13%13,62258.21%6232.66%23,401
Richland1,13626.22%3,01769.64%1794.13%4,332
Roosevelt2,01358.40%1,34639.05%882.55%3,447
Rosebud1,51144.88%1,76552.42%912.70%3,367
Sanders2,07133.65%3,85662.66%2273.69%6,154
Sheridan71239.29%1,01756.13%834.58%1,812
Silver Bow11,67271.55%4,24626.03%3942.42%16,312
Stillwater1,50130.86%3,20665.91%1573.23%4,864
Sweet Grass65231.08%1,37265.40%743.53%2,098
Teton1,29040.86%1,78456.51%832.63%3,157
Toole62632.90%1,20863.48%693.63%1,903
Treasure12931.16%27967.39%61.45%414
Valley1,54539.80%2,13755.05%2005.15%3,882
Wheatland31533.76%58662.81%323.43%933
Wibaux14025.83%39071.96%122.21%542
Yellowstone32,22546.53%34,68250.08%2,3513.39%69,258

Counties that flipped from Democratic to Republican

References

[edit]
  1. ^"Montana Voter Turnout - Official Montana Secretary of State Website - Christi Jacobsen".Montana Secretary of State - Christi Jacobsen. February 22, 2018. RetrievedFebruary 7, 2024.
  2. ^Rosendale congratulates Sen. Tester on his victory,KULR, November 7, 2018. Retrieved November 8, 2018.
  3. ^"Montana Senator Tester says $1.2M raised in 3rd quarter for re-election". Greatfallstribune.com. October 9, 2017. RetrievedMay 2, 2018.
  4. ^ab"WI-Sen, MT-Sen, PA-06, NJ-03, FL-07, NJ-11: Joe Biden Helps These Dems Bring In The Big Blue Wave".Daily Kos. April 12, 2018.
  5. ^ab"MT-Sen: Sen. Dick Durbin (D. IL) Refuses To Let The Kochs Defeat Jon Tester (D)".Daily Kos. February 22, 2018.
  6. ^abcdBrodey, Sam (August 4, 2017)."Franken, Klobuchar step up early with 2018 campaign cash for endangered Senate colleagues". MinnPost. RetrievedMay 2, 2018.
  7. ^ab"MT-Sen: Sen. Kamala Harris (D. CA) Helps Jon Tester (D) Take On Trump & Mitch McConnell (R. KY)".Daily Kos. February 24, 2018.
  8. ^ab"MT-Sen: Sen. Ed Markey (D. MA) Helps Fellow Net Neutrality Champ Jon Tester (D) Fight Back".Daily Kos. February 27, 2018.
  9. ^ab"MT-Sen: Sen. Tom Udall (D. NM) Helps Jon Tester (D) Keep Up The Resistance Against Trump".Daily Kos. September 27, 2017.
  10. ^abWarren sent out an email to supporters soliciting donations to Tester.
  11. ^ab"MT-Sen: Gov. Steve Bullock (D) Helps Jon Tester (D) Fight Back Against GOP's Assault On Medicaid".Daily Kos. June 30, 2017.
  12. ^ab"2018 Council-endorsed Senate Candidates - Council for a Livable World".Council for a Livable World.
  13. ^abMuller, Tiffany (April 13, 2017)."End Citizens United Endorses Jon Tester for Senate - End Citizens United".End Citizens United.
  14. ^ab"Montana Conservation Voters and LCV Action Fund Endorse Senator Jon Tester for Re-Election".League of Conservation Voters. March 21, 2018.
  15. ^abHogue, Ilyse (April 9, 2018)."NARAL Pro-Choice America Endorses Senator Jon Tester for Re-election - NARAL Pro-Choice America".NARAL Pro-Choice America.
  16. ^abc"2018 Montana primary election results"(PDF). RetrievedJune 12, 2019.
  17. ^Caina Calvan, Bobby (July 31, 2017)."Montana auditor says he'll seek US Senate seat".Great Falls Tribune. RetrievedJuly 31, 2017.
  18. ^Volz, Matt (May 18, 2017)."Storage company CEO files to run against Tester".Great Falls Tribune. RetrievedJune 2, 2017.
  19. ^Lutey, Tom (October 14, 2017)."Former Judge Russell Fagg enters Senate race for Tester's seat".Billings Gazette.
  20. ^Michels, Holly K. (April 11, 2017)."Republican Olszewski says he's going to run against Tester in 2018".Independent Record. RetrievedApril 11, 2017.
  21. ^Michels, Holly K. (June 23, 2017)."Belgrade Republican announces candidacy for GOP Senate bid".Independent Record. RetrievedJuly 5, 2017.
  22. ^"GOP U.S. Senate candidate Murray drops out".KXLH. Archived fromthe original on August 16, 2018. RetrievedAugust 16, 2018.
  23. ^Robillard, Kevin; Schneider, Elena (June 2, 2017)."Montana AG declines Senate run against Tester".Politico. RetrievedJune 2, 2017.
  24. ^Caina Calvan, Bobby (June 5, 2017)."Montana attorney general Fox won't run for U.S. Senate".Great Falls Tribune. RetrievedJune 6, 2017.
  25. ^King, Jon (September 2, 2016)."Ryan Zinke Hints That Fellow Navy Seal Rob O'Neill May Run for Senate".KGVO. RetrievedSeptember 19, 2016.
  26. ^"Endorse Troy Downing for U.S. Senate". Troydowning.com. Archived fromthe original on June 11, 2018. RetrievedMay 2, 2018.
  27. ^Gersh, Mark (August 18, 2016)."A New Democratic Senate Majority Could be Short-Lived".National Committee for an Effective Congress. RetrievedSeptember 19, 2016.
  28. ^Dennison, Mike (September 12, 2017)."Republican Fagg insists he's still 'exploring' U.S. Senate candidacy".Montana Television Network. Archived fromthe original on September 12, 2017. RetrievedSeptember 13, 2017.
  29. ^"Morning Digest: After six months, Montana GOP still searching for a challenger to Sen. Jon Tester".Daily Kos Elections. June 2, 2017. RetrievedJune 2, 2017.
  30. ^Staff, NCEC."Democrats Likely on Defense in 2018 Senate Race".National Committee for an Effective Congress. RetrievedJune 9, 2017.
  31. ^Severns, Maggie (September 13, 2016)."Democrats brace against potential 2018 Senate 'disaster'".Politico. RetrievedSeptember 19, 2016.
  32. ^Schor, Elana; Everett, Burgess (November 18, 2016)."2018 showdown looms: House Republicans vs. Democratic senators".Politico. RetrievedNovember 18, 2016.
  33. ^ab"Trump boosts Rosendale in tight Montana Senate race".Politico. September 7, 2018.
  34. ^abcd"Rosendale touts Ted Cruz, Mike Lee endorsements".Great Falls Tribune. December 7, 2017.
  35. ^ab"Former Trump adviser Steve Bannon endorses Matt Rosendale in Montana Senate primary".Independent Record. October 19, 2017.
  36. ^ab"CatholicVote.org Candidate Fund Endorses Rosendale for Senate".CatholicVote.org. November 20, 2017.
  37. ^ab"CLUB FOR GROWTH PAC ENDORSES MONTANA STATE AUDITOR MATT ROSENDALE FOR U.S. SENATE".Club for Growth. July 31, 2017.
  38. ^ab"FreedomWorks for America Endorses Matt Rosendale for Senate".FreedomWorks. January 30, 2018.
  39. ^ab"Endorsements | Rosendale for U.S. Senate". Mattformontana.com. Archived fromthe original on May 3, 2018. RetrievedMay 2, 2018.
  40. ^ab"Matt Rosendale for U.S. Senate in Montana".Senate Conservatives Fund. August 25, 2017.
  41. ^WPA Intelligence (R-Club for Growth)
  42. ^WPA Intelligence (R-Rosendale)
  43. ^Ron Murray 1%
  44. ^Drake, Phil (March 5, 2018). "Libertarian says he'll enter Montana U.S. Senate race".Great Falls Tribune. Retrieved March 5, 2018.
  45. ^abBrown, Matthew (October 31, 2018)."Libertarian candidate drops out of Montana's U.S. Senate race to back Rosendale".Independent Record.Associated Press. RetrievedOctober 31, 2018.
  46. ^Doherty, Brian (October 31, 2018). "Despite Donald Trump Jr. Retweet, Libertarian Senate Candidate Rick Breckenridge Did Not Drop Out".Reason.
  47. ^Barber, Ellison; O'Reilly, Andrew (November 6, 2018). "Montana Libertarian candidate walks back endorsement of GOP nominee Rosendale in tight Senate race".Fox News.
  48. ^"Despite Donald Trump Jr. Retweet, Libertarian Senate Candidate Rick Breckenridge Did Not Drop Out". October 31, 2018.
  49. ^Wilson, Reid (July 10, 2018)."Judge boots Green Party from Montana ballot in boost to Tester".The Hill. RetrievedJuly 27, 2018.
  50. ^Dennison, Mike (March 12, 2018)."Green Party qualifies for MT ballot; 66 candidates file on final day for 2018 ballot".KPAX. Archived fromthe original on March 12, 2018. RetrievedMarch 12, 2018.
  51. ^"2018 Senate Race Ratings for October 26, 2018".The Cook Political Report. RetrievedMarch 13, 2021.
  52. ^"2018 Senate Ratings".The Rothenberg Political Report. RetrievedMarch 13, 2021.
  53. ^"2018 Crystal Ball Senate race ratings".Sabato's Crystal Ball. RetrievedOctober 11, 2017.
  54. ^"Daily Kos Elections 2018 race ratings".Daily Kos. June 5, 2018.
  55. ^"2018 Senate Power Rankings".Fox News. RetrievedJuly 10, 2018.
  56. ^"Key Races: Senate". RetrievedJuly 15, 2018.
  57. ^"Battle for the Senate 2018". RetrievedJuly 15, 2018.
  58. ^Silver, Nate (September 11, 2018)."Montana - 2018 Senate Forecast".FiveThirtyEight. Archived fromthe original on October 8, 2018. RetrievedNovember 1, 2018.
  59. ^"Gazette opinion: Keep Tester working for Montana in U.S. Senate".Billings Gazette. October 14, 2018.
  60. ^"Tester leads with moderation, civility".Missoulian. October 21, 2018.
  61. ^"Our Candidates - CWA Political".CWA Political. Archived fromthe original on April 3, 2018. RetrievedOctober 9, 2018.
  62. ^"Jon Tester – Feminist Majority PAC".feministmajoritypac.org.
  63. ^"Candidates We Endorse and Support".
  64. ^"NEA Fund - Recommended Candidates".neafund.org. Archived fromthe original on August 1, 2018. RetrievedOctober 20, 2018.
  65. ^"Population Connection Action Fund Endorsements".Population Connection. Archived fromthe original on April 5, 2018. RetrievedOctober 27, 2018.
  66. ^Michels, Holly (July 12, 2018)."Vice President Pence coming to Billings to campaign for Rosendale".Independent Record.
  67. ^ab"Rosendale heads to Washington for meetings, fundraiser".AP NEWS. June 12, 2018.
  68. ^Corin Cates-Carney (October 23, 2018)."National Republican Senatorial Committee Chairman Stumps For Rosendale In Montana".MTPR. RetrievedOctober 26, 2018.
  69. ^Hann, Derek (October 29, 2018)."U.S. Sen. Rand Paul stumps in Havre in support of Rosendale".Havre Daily News. RetrievedOctober 31, 2018.
  70. ^Drake, Phil."Libertarian endorses Rosendale in Senate race".Great Falls Tribune.
  71. ^Brascia, Dominick (October 25, 2018)."EXCLUSIVE: VETERAN DOWNING SAYS TESTER BAD FOR VETS".kmmsam.com.
  72. ^Flint, Aaron (October 29, 2018)."BREAKING: CROW TRIBAL CHAIRMAN ENDORSES ROSENDALE FOR SENATE".newstalk955.com. RetrievedOctober 31, 2018.
  73. ^"AFP-Montana Launches Six Figure Ad Buy Thanking Matt Rosendale for Expanding Health Care Options".Americans for Prosperity. August 28, 2018.Archived from the original on August 30, 2018.
  74. ^Christian, Peter (August 30, 2018)."MONTANA GUN GROUP GRADES AND ENDORSES POLITICAL CANDIDATES".NewsTalkKGVO.com.Archived from the original on August 30, 2018.
  75. ^"NOM Endorses Candidates in Key Senate Midterm Contests".NOM Blog. October 17, 2018. Archived fromthe original on November 1, 2018. RetrievedOctober 29, 2018.
  76. ^"National Right to Life endorses Matt Rosendale against Jon Tester for U.S. Senate in Montana".NRL News Today. June 6, 2018.
  77. ^"Your Freedom is Under Attack! Vote On or Before November 6th!".nrapvf.org. NRA-PVF.Archived from the original on August 16, 2023. RetrievedAugust 16, 2023.The NRA Political Victory Fund (NRA-PVF) has endorsed Matt Rosendale for U.S. Senate in Montana.
  78. ^Drake, Phil (September 12, 2018)."NRA endorses Gianforte and Rosendale, targets Tester".Great Falls Tribune.Archived from the original on September 22, 2018.
  79. ^"Tea Party Express Endorses Matt Rosendale for U.S. Senate".Tea Party Express. October 23, 2017.
  80. ^Matt Rosendale."Honored to be endorsed by the @USChamber in Billings today. The Trump Tax Cuts are working here in Montana- creating more jobs and putting more money back in your pocket!!! #MAGA #MontanaFirst #mtsen #mtpol".Twitter.
  81. ^"Campaign finance data". RetrievedOctober 31, 2018.
  82. ^The Trafalgar Group (R)
  83. ^HarrisX
  84. ^Change Research
  85. ^HarrisX
  86. ^HarrisX
  87. ^HarrisX
  88. ^HarrisX
  89. ^HarrisX
  90. ^HarrisX
  91. ^Gravis Marketing
  92. ^University of Montana
  93. ^Montana State University Billings
  94. ^Montana State University Bozeman
  95. ^Public Policy Polling (D-Protect Our Care)
  96. ^Gravis Marketing
  97. ^Axis Research (R-NRSC)
  98. ^"AARP/Benenson Strategy Group (D)"(PDF). Archived fromthe original(PDF) on September 28, 2018. RetrievedSeptember 28, 2018.
  99. ^CBS News/YouGov
  100. ^University of Montana
  101. ^WPA Intelligence (R-NRSC)
  102. ^Remington Research (R)
  103. ^SurveyMonkey/Axios
  104. ^Gravis Marketing
  105. ^SurveyMonkey/Axios
  106. ^"Montana Secretary of State".mtelectionresults.gov.
  107. ^"Montana Secretary of State".electionresults.mt.gov. RetrievedAugust 20, 2021.

External links

[edit]

Official campaign websites

U.S.
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