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| Native name | Konferencja Narodów Zjednoczonych w sprawie Zmian Klimatu, Katowice 2018 |
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| Date | 2–15 December 2018 (2018-12-02 –2018-12-15) |
| Location | ICC inKatowice, Poland |
| Also known as | COP24 (UNFCCC) CMP14 (Kyoto Protocol) CMA1-3 or 1.3 (Paris Agreement) |
| Organised by | Poland |
| Participants | UNFCCC member countries |
| Previous event | ← Bonn 2017 |
| Next event | Madrid 2019 → |
| Website | unfccc cop24 |
The2018 United Nations Climate Change Conference, more commonly referred to as theKatowice Climate Change Conference orCOP24, was the 24thConference of the Parties to theUnited Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change.[1] It was held between 2 and 15 December 2018 at theInternational Congress Centre inKatowice, Poland.
The president of COP24 wasMichał Kurtyka. The conference also incorporated the fourteenth meeting of the parties for theKyoto Protocol (CMP14), and the third session of the first meeting of the parties for theParis Agreement (CMA1-3 orCMA1.3) which agreed on rules to implement the Agreement. The conference's objective was to have a full implementation of the Paris agreement.[2]
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After theUnited States left the Paris Agreement,China took a leading role by hosting many of the preparatory meetings in the weeks beforehand.[3]
In November 2018, theWorld Meteorological Organization released a report stating that 2017atmospheric carbon dioxide levels reached 405 parts per million (ppm), a level not seen in three to five million years.[4] In October 2018, theIntergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) published itsSpecial Report on Global Warming of 1.5 °C (SR15).
On 3 December 2018, the noted British naturalistSir David Attenborough told delegates at the conference that:[5]
Right now we are facing a man-made disaster of global scale, our greatest threat in thousands of years:climate change. If we don't take action, the collapse of our civilisations and the extinction of much of the natural world is on the horizon.
On 4 December 2018, 15-year-oldclimate change activistGreta Thunberg addressed the summit and explained the severity of the problem this way:[6][7]
What I hope we achieve at this conference is that we realise thatwe are facing an existential threat. This is the biggest crisis humanity has ever faced. First we have to realise this and then as fast as possible do something to stop the emissions and try to save what we can save.
The same day, the14th Dalai Lama wrote to the participants of the conference: "Climate change is not a concern of just one or two nations. It is an issue that affects all humanity, and every living being on this earth. This beautiful place is our only home. We have to take serious action now to protect our environment and find constructive solutions to global warming."[8]
Al Gore told delegates they faced "the single most important moral choice in history of humanity".[9]
António Guterres theSecretary-General of theUnited Nations told "We're running out of time. To waste this opportunity would compromise our last best chance to stop runaway climate change. It would not only be immoral, it would be suicidal." The IPCC special report is a stark acknowledgment of what the consequences of global warming beyond 1.5 degrees will mean for billions of people around the world, especially those who call small island states home. "This is not good news, but we cannot afford to ignore it."[9]
A US energy official, Preston Wells Griffith, senior director for energy and environment, said on 10 December 2018: "We strongly believe that no country should have to sacrifice economic prosperity or energy security in pursuit of environmental sustainability."[10] He added also: "We can achieve all of these goals and they are complementary."[11] During his speech, he reinforced that impression: "Alarmism should not silence realism."[10][12]
A youth conference with children representing over 30 countries was also held during the conference.
Side events at the conference allow for admitted observers which have limited speaking opportunities, to host side events that are categorized under three categories as part of the Paris Agreement.[13]
The categories include: Enhancing Ambition, Promoting Implementation, and Providing Support to Developing Countries. There are also outside events that are hosted by the UNFCCC secretariat, Parties and observer organizations.
There were five thematic days at the conference:
The UNFCCC has created a YouTube account called the "Climate Action Studio" recording side events at the conference.[14]
Jastrzębska Spółka Węglowa (JSW), which co-sponsored the COP24, showcased pro-ecological changes in the mining sector.[15]
All side events of COP24 are all archived by the UNFCCC.[16]
The conference agreed on rules to implement theParis Agreement, which came into force, that is to say the rulebook on how governments will measure, and report on their emissions-cutting efforts.[17][18]
Due to difficulty to reach agreement between parties, some difficult questions such as ways to scale up existing commitments on cutting emissions, ways to provide financial help for poor countries, wording that does not allow double counting and whether countries are doing enough to cut their emissions (in the light of theIPCC report) were postponed to the next conference.[17][18]
David Waskow, of theWorld Resources Institute, said the deal was "a good foundation for countries to go about implementing the Paris agreement" and added that "It sets the direction of travel and will spur countries to take action. Now countries need to go home and do their homework, by increasing their commitments [on emissions]".[17]
Some achievements have been made:
Many say, that there is a "lack of urgency" in the COP decisions, but some good decisions have been made.[20]
Media related to2018 United Nations Climate Change Conference at Wikimedia Commons
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