| 2012–2013 Swansea measles epidemic | |
|---|---|
| Disease | Measles |
| Dates | November 2012 – 3 July 2013 |
| Confirmed cases | 1,219 |
Deaths | 1 |
The2012–2013 Swansea measles epidemic began in November 2012 and was declared over on 3 July 2013. There were a total of 1,219measles notifications (suspected cases) inSwansea,Neath Port Talbot,Bridgend,Carmarthenshire,Ceredigion,Pembrokeshire andPowys, with 1,455 measles notifications for the whole ofWales, 664 of which were in Swansea alone.[1] A total of 88 people were hospitalised for measles infection during the epidemic.[2] One death was reported: a 25-year-old man with giant cellpneumonia brought on by measles infection died on 18 April 2013.[3] The cost associated with treating the sick and controlling the outbreak exceeded £470,000 ($701,898).[2]
Some sources linked the outbreak with theMMR vaccine controversy and a campaign in theSouth Wales Evening Post in the 1990s against theMMR vaccine,[4][5] as the majority of those who became infected were not immunised as infants during the MMR scare.[6] Uptake of the MMR vaccine fell from 94% of two-year-olds in Wales in 1995 to 78% by 2003. In the Swansea area the uptake fell to 67.5%.[2] TheSouth Wales Evening Post was also criticised for appearing to exaggerate the number of confirmed measles cases that occurred during the epidemic.[5]
In the wake of the outbreak MMR clinics were set up in four hospitals in Swansea and Neath-Port Talbot and vaccinated over 35,000[2] people. Several politicians, including Welsh First MinisterCarwyn Jones, urged the public to make sure their children were vaccinated.[7] Politicians and vaccine experts also called for mandatory vaccinations to be implemented.[8][9] TheWelsh Government opposed mandatory vaccination, believing that trust in the MMR vaccine had been regained and could be damaged if it were mandatory.[8]
Hywel Dda Health Board offered the vaccine in April 2013 in the surrounding counties of Carmarthen, Ceredigion and Pembrokeshire in a bid to contain the outbreak.[7] Vaccinations were held in all comprehensive schools inPowys.[7] There were concerns that the epidemic could spread toLondon and infect many more people,[10] prompting theDepartment of Health to set up a mass vaccination campaign targeted at one million school children throughoutEngland.[11]
The following table shows measles notifications by theLocal Health Board.
| Health Board | Nov 2012 | Dec | Jan 2013 | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | June | July | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Abertawe Bro Morgannwg | 15 | 37 | 39 | 66 | 239 | 440 | 98 | 26 | 0 | 960 |
| Hwyel Dda | 17 | 24 | 8 | 9 | 14 | 43 | 28 | 13 | 2 | 158 |
| Powys | 2 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 36 | 46 | 12 | 2 | 0 | 101 |
| Total | 34 | 61 | 50 | 75 | 289 | 529 | 138 | 41 | 2 | 1219[1] |
Reported notifications tend to exceed confirmed cases.Public Health Wales issued a statement saying, "Measles is one of a number of notifiable diseases. Doctors in Wales have a statutory duty to notify a 'Proper Officer' of the Local Authority of suspected cases of measles based on clinical symptoms, usually before diagnosis has been confirmed by laboratory testing. Reported notifications of measles usually far exceed the actual numbers of confirmed cases. Other rashes are often mistaken for measles".[12]
| Healthcare |
| ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| History | |||||
| Medicine | |||||
| Epidemics | |||||
| Government agencies and institutes | |||||
| Organisations | |||||
| Studies | |||||
