2007 Irish general election

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166 seats inDáil Éireann[a] 84 seats needed for a majority
Turnout	67.0% 4.4pp
First party Second party Third party   Leader Bertie Ahern Enda Kenny Pat Rabbitte Party Fianna Fáil Fine Gael Labour Leader since 19 December 1994 2 June 2002 25 October 2002 Leader's seat Dublin Central Mayo Dublin South-West Last election 81 seats, 41.5% 31 seats, 22.5% 20 seats, 10.8% Seats won 78 51 20 Seat change 3 20 0 Popular vote 858,565 564,428 209,175 Percentage 41.6% 27.3% 10.1% Swing 0.1 pp 4.8 pp 0.7 pp   Fourth party Fifth party Sixth party   Leader Trevor Sargent Gerry Adams Michael McDowell Party Green Sinn Féin Progressive Democrats Leader since 6 October 2001 13 November 1983 11 September 2006 Leader's seat Dublin North N/A[b] Dublin South-East (defeated) Last election 6 seats, 3.8% 5 seats, 6.5% 8 seats, 4.0% Seats won 6 4 2 Seat change 0 1 6 Popular vote 96,936 143,410 56,396 Percentage 4.7% 6.9% 2.7% Swing 0.9 pp 0.4 pp 1.3 pp
Election results and first-preference votes in each constituency. Number of seats gained by each party in each constituency.
Taoiseach before election Bertie Ahern Fianna Fáil Taoiseach after election Bertie Ahern Fianna Fáil

The2007 Irish general election took place on Thursday, 24 May after thedissolution of the29th Dáil by thePresident on 30 April, at the request of theTaoiseach. The general election took place in43 parliamentary constituencies throughout Ireland for 166 seats inDáil Éireann, the lower house of parliament, with a revision of constituencies since the last election under theElectoral (Amendment) Act 2005. The outgoing Fianna Fáil–Progressive Democrat administration was returned, joined by the Green Party and supported by some independents, giving a government majority of 9.

WhileFine Gael gained 20 seats,Fianna Fáil remained the largest party. The election was considered a success for Fianna Fáil; however, Fianna Fáil's junior coalition partners in the 29th Dáil, theProgressive Democrats, lost six of their eight seats.

The30th Dáil met on 14 June to nominate a Taoiseach and ratify the ministers of the new27th government of Ireland. It was a coalition government of Fianna Fáil, theGreen Party and the Progressive Democrats initially supported by four IndependentTDs. It was the first time the Green Party entered government.

On 30 April 2007, PresidentMary McAleese dissolved the29th Dáil on the request of the Taoiseach,Bertie Ahern. The election date was officially set as 24 May 2007; the30th Dáil would convene on 14 June 2007 at which stage the Taoiseach would be nominated and the rest of the Government approved for appointment by the President. Official campaigning began as soon as the announcement had been made.

Current statute requires that the Dáil be dissolved within five years after its first meeting (6 June 2002) following the previous election and the election must take place not later than thirty days after the dissolution.^[c] The Taoiseach allowed the 29th Dáil to near the completion of its five-year term before seeking a dissolution. After the2002 general election he commented that his prior confirmation of this policy had caused problems in the last year of his government. There was speculation in 2005 that he might have moved to dissolve parliament early to catch the opposition off guard, although this did not transpire.

In 2005, in anticipation of the election date, the parties began candidate selections and from mid-2005 some members of the29th Dáil announced their retirement plans.

A statement byMinister of State for ChildrenBrian Lenihan in November 2006 suggested that the election would take place in May 2007, which would be the case.^[3] In December 2006, Bertie Ahern stated unambiguously that the election would take place in summer 2007.^[4]

There was some controversy^[5] over which day of the week the election should have been held on, as some opposition parties insisted that a weekend polling day would have made it easier for those studying or working away from home to vote. Ireland's voter registration process presents difficulties for people who live at a second address for part of the week. Previous elections and referendums have been held on Thursdays, Fridays and (in one case) a Wednesday. For the 2007 election, polling day was a Thursday.

The Taoiseach denied that the election was called on Sunday 29 April 2007 to prevent theMahon Tribunal recommencing investigations the following day concerning alleged payments to politicians (including Ahern). Because of the election campaign, the Mahon Tribunal suspended its public hearings on Monday 30 April 2007, and resumed them four days after the general election on 28 May 2007.^[6]

The closing time and date for nominations was 12:00Irish Summer Time on Wednesday 9 May 2007.

Polls were open from 07:30 until 22:30IST. The system of voting wasproportional representation by means of thesingle transferable vote (PR-STV).^[7] The general election took place in43 parliamentary constituencies throughout Ireland for 165 of the 166Dáil Éireann seats (theCeann Comhairle is automatically re-elected).^[d]

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As a result of falling opinion poll ratings for the outgoing government in the months approaching the start of the campaign, the election was one of the more closely fought in decades, with the outcome being very uncertain.

This election was fought as a contest for Taoiseach between the outgoingFianna Fáil–Progressive Democrats coalition and the "Alliance for Change", a proposedFine Gael–Labour Party coalition. Opinion polls did not show either option as being certain, and other possibilities include Fianna Fáil–led coalition with other parties, or Fine Gael and the Labour Party with theGreen Party. Fine Gael and the Labour Party had an agreedtransfer pact. The Green Party was non-aligned but made statements favouring a change from the outgoing Government. All parties, with the exception of the Green Party, claimed that they would not include Sinn Féin in a new Government.

Due to the run-up of the Dáil to the maximum allowable life-span, it was clear to all parties that the election would be held early summer 2007 and all parties held "conferences" during the spring to announce policies. At this time Fine Gael launched a "Contract for a Better Ireland" which was a centrepiece of their campaign. The early conferences led to the campaign being described as one of the longest in recent times. The campaign officially began at the dissolution of the Dáil. This dissolution was done early on a Sunday morning, and there was much speculation about the reason for this during the first week of the campaign. The leaking and publication, just before the election was called, of evidence about personal finance transactions in December 1994 given to theMahon Tribunal by the Taoiseach Bertie Ahern led to the first two weeks of the campaign being dominated by questions about his fitness to serve as Taoiseach, and required the Progressive Democrats to decide if they would pull out of Government before the election was held, but they decided to remain. The Tribunal itself decided to postpone sittings during the campaign.

Following a statement by the Taoiseach, the remainder of the campaign concentrated on the traditional issues of health, education, crime and the economy, with debate centring on the ability of the various parties to deliver on the various totals of hospital beds, Gardaí and pupil-teacher ratios they were promising.Prime Time hosted a debate among the potential candidates forTánaiste and a separate debate between Ahern andEnda Kenny, coverage of which concentrated on Kenny's ability to serve as Taoiseach given his lack of experience. Finance ministerBrian Cowen engaged in some robust exchanges towards the end of the campaign which was reported to have been an asset to the party.

Opinion polls during the early stages of the campaign showed the Alliance for Change gaining on the Government and the likelihood of Kenny becoming Taoiseach increased, with some commentators predicting that Fianna Fáil would return with only 65 seats. In the last week of the campaign, following the leaders debate, anIrish Times/MRBI poll showed a recovery for Fianna Fáil to 41% which was replicated on polling day.

SeeElectoral (Amendment) Act 2005 for full details of the constituencies for the 30th Dáil.

• Meath (5) was replaced byMeath East (3) andMeath West (3)
• Westmeath (3),Longford–Roscommon (4) andSligo–Leitrim (4) were replaced byLongford–Westmeath (4),Roscommon–South Leitrim (3) andSligo–North Leitrim (3)
• Cork North-Central (from 5 to 4)
• Dublin North-Central (from 4 to 3)
• Dublin Mid-West (from 3 to 4)
• Kildare North (from 3 to 4)

The preliminary findings from the 2006 Census of Population disclosed that the population ofDublin West,Dublin North andMeath East could have prompted further revisions.^[8] The advice of theAttorney-General was sought by theMinister for the Environment, Heritage and Local Government. It was decided to make no further constituency revisions before the election. Two outgoing deputies, however, challenged this decision in theHigh Court. The election went ahead while the parties awaited the High Court's reserved judgment in this action.^[9]

The general election result was significant for a number of reasons:

• The election was considered a success forFianna Fáil. It returned with a total of 78 seats, three fewer than it won at the previous general election, despite predictions earlier in the campaign that it could lose more than 20 seats.^[10]
• A resurgence inFine Gael support, which saw the main opposition party increase its holding from 32 to 51 seats.
• A sharp drop in support for theProgressive Democrats, which saw their seats drop from 8 to 2, including the loss of party leader,Tánaiste andMinister for Justice, Equality and Law ReformMichael McDowell, who immediately retired from politics.^[11]
• The failure of theLabour Party to increase its seat total; it had a net loss of one seat.
• The failure of the smaller opposition parties to increase their support:
  • TheGreen Party returned with the same number of seats (6); one gain was offset by another loss.
  • Sinn Féin lost one seat to return 4 TDs, despite predictions of gains due to the return of thepower-sharing executive in Northern Ireland.
  • Joe Higgins, the leader and sole TD of theSocialist Party lost his seat, leaving the party with no Dáil representation.
• The reduction in the number of independent (non-party) TDs to 5 from 14 in the previous general election.

The 2007 election results saw Fine Gael win seats at the expense of the smaller parties and independents. The proportion of votes only increased significantly forFine Gael, and increased slightly for both theGreen Party andSinn Féin, despite their disappointing seat totals. Negotiations began the following week for the formation of the new government, with Bertie Ahern stating that his preferred option was for a coalition of Fianna Fáil, the Progressive Democrats and like-minded independents. The Fine Gael leader and Leader of the Opposition,Enda Kenny, did not rule out forming an alternative government, stating that he would talk to all parties except Fianna Fáil and Sinn Féin.^[12] The election forTaoiseach took place in theDáil on 14 June 2007 with Bertie Ahern becoming Taoiseach again.

Election to the 30th Dáil – 24 May 2007[13][14]
Party		Leader	Seats	±	% of seats	First pref. votes	% FPv	±%
	Fianna Fáil	Bertie Ahern	78[a]	3	47.0	858,565	41.56	0.1
	Fine Gael	Enda Kenny	51	20	30.9	564,428	27.32	4.8
	Labour	Pat Rabbitte	20	0	12.1	209,175	10.13	0.7
	Green	Trevor Sargent	6	0	3.6	96,936	4.69	0.9
	Sinn Féin	Gerry Adams	4	1	2.4	143,410	6.94	0.4
	Progressive Democrats	Michael McDowell	2	6	1.2	56,396	2.73	1.3
	Socialist Party	Joe Higgins	0	1	0	13,218	0.64	0.2
	People Before Profit	N/A	0	N/A	0	9,333	0.45	N/A
	Workers' Party	Seán Garland	0	0	0	3,026	0.15	<0.1
	Christian Solidarity	Cathal Loftus	0	0	0	1,705	0.08	0.2
	Fathers Rights	Liam Ó Gógáin	0	N/A	0	1,355	0.07	N/A
	Immigration Control	Áine Ní Chonaill	0	N/A	0	1,329	0.06	N/A
	Irish Socialist Network	N/A	0	N/A	0	505	0.02	N/A
	Independent	N/A	5	8	3.0	106,429	5.15	3.8
Spoilt votes						19,435	—	—
Total			166	0	100	2,085,245	100	—
Electorate/Turnout						3,110,914	67.0%	—

Notes

• The Fathers Rights-Responsibility Party, Immigration Control Platform and Irish Socialist Network were not registered as political parties, so their candidates appeared on ballot papers as "Non-Party".
• People Before Profit registered as a political party after the deadline for its party name to appear on ballot papers, so its candidates also appeared as "Non-Party".^[15]

The electorate eligible to vote as of 24 February 2007 was 3,110,914.^[16] As 2,085,245 first preference votes and invalid votes were cast, this equates to a voter turnout of 67.03%.

On 12 June 2007, Fianna Fáil and theGreen Party reached agreement on a draft Programme for Government, this was subsequently ratified by the Fianna Fáil parliamentary party and Green Party members on 13 June 2007. This resulted in the formation of a coalition government on 14 June 2007 between Fianna Fáil, the Green Party and the Progressive Democrats. The government was initially supported by four IndependentTDs.^[17]

Fianna Fáil, Green Party and Progressive Democrats formed the27th government of Ireland, a majority coalition government, led byBertie Ahern as Taoiseach. Ahern would resign the following year, succeeded byBrian Cowen, who formed the28th government of Ireland with the same party composition. The Progressive Democrats dissolved in 2009.

The following changes took place as a result of the election:

• 19 outgoing TDs retired
• 146 outgoing TDs stood for re-election (plusRory O'Hanlon – theCeann Comhairle who was automatically returned)
  • 116 of those were re-elected
  • 30 failed to be re-elected
• 49 successor TDs were elected
  • 38 were elected for the first time
  • 11 had previously been TDs (* in the list below)
  • 14 weremembers of the outgoing Seanad († in the list below)
• There were 8 successor female TDs, decreasing the total by 1 to 22
• There were changes in 36 of the 43 constituencies contested

Outgoing TDs are listed in the constituency they represented in the outgoing Dáil. ForBatt O'Keeffe and possibly others, this differs from the constituency they contested in the election. O'Keeffe, who was elected in his largely new constituency ofCork North-West, is listed both as a departing TD from his old constituency ofCork South-Central and a successor TD from Cork North-West. Where more than one change took place in a constituency the concept of successor is an approximation for presentation only.

The Dáil election was followed by the election to the23rd Seanad.

• "Election 2007"(PDF).Spotlight (3). Oireachtas Library & Research Service. 2007.

Campaign

• Needs Assessment Mission Report (16 April 2007)Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe/ODIHR
• Manifestos by election Irish Election Manifesto Archive
• 2007 election: Party leaders' debate (17 May 2007) RTÉ archives

Results

• ElectionsIreland.org
• NSD: European Election Database

• Collins, Stephen, ed. (2007).The Irish Times Nealon's guide to the 30th Dáil & 23rd Seanad. Dublin:The Irish Times/Gill & Macmillan.ISBN 9780717142729.

• 2007 in Irish politics
• General elections in the Republic of Ireland
• 20th Dáil
• 2007 elections in the Republic of Ireland
• May 2007 in Ireland

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