Calendar year
From left to right, top to bottom:
A tsunami , caused by a massive 9.1-9.3 earthquake off the coast ofSumatra , kills over 227,000 people, making it one of theworst natural disasters in recorded history.Facebook , originally calledTheFacebook , is launched byMark Zuckerberg .NASA lands theOpportunity Spirit rovers onMars .The2004 Summer Olympics are held inAthens . Multiple trains werebombed byAl-Qaeda inMadrid , killing 193 people. TheEuropean Union adds 10 new member-states. TheNintendo DS , the best-selling handheld game console, is released. 334 people are killed in theBeslan school siege , carried out byChechen terrorists. The2004 transit of Venus , the first such occurrence since1882 . Calendar year
2004 by topic By international organization
2004 (MMIV ) was aleap year starting on Thursday of theGregorian calendar , the 2004th year of theCommon Era (CE) andAnno Domini 3rd millennium and the21st century , and the 5th year of the2000s decade.
Calendar year
2004 was designated as anInternational Year of Rice by the United Nations,[ 1] International Year to Commemorate the Struggle Against Slavery and Its Abolition (byUNESCO ).[ 2]
Theworld population on January 1, 2004, was estimated to be 6.462 billion people and increased to 6.545 billion people by January 1, 2005.[ 3] [ 3] life expectancy was 67.7 years, an increase of 0.3 years from 2003.[ 3] [ 4] [ 5]
There were 32 armed conflicts in 2004 that resulted in at least 25 fatalities, all of which involvedviolent non-state actors .[ 6] [ 7] Colombian conflict , theIraqi insurgency , theKashmir insurgency , theNepalese Civil War , theSecond Chechen War in Russia, theSecond Sudanese Civil War , the SudaneseWar in Darfur , and theLord's Resistance Army insurgency in Uganda.[ 8]
The Iraqi insurgency emerged in Iraq in 2004 and carried out attacks againstthe US-backed caretaker government .[ 9] Sunni Triangle , but it expanded to other areas throughout the year withtwo suicide bombings inIraqi Kurdistan on February 1 anda conflict with the ShiaMahdi Army in April.[ 10] al-Qaeda continued in 2004, primarily in Pakistan along theAfghanistan–Pakistan border .[ 11] [ 9] Second Congo War had ended, insurgencies continued within the Democratic Republic of the Congoin Ituri andin Kivu .[ 12] National Revolutionary Front for the Liberation and Reconstruction of Haiti successfully brought aboutthe resignation of PresidentJean-Bertrand Aristide , while theIslamic Jihad Union was defeated in its attempt to overthrow the government of Uzbekistan.[ 9]
The War in Darfur escalated significantly in Sudan with debate over whetherits mass killings constituted a genocide.[ 13] Burundian Civil War was complicated as factionalism divided theCNDD-FDD and tentative peace agreements with the government were opposed by theNational Forces of Liberation .[ 14] Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist) abducted over one thousand people to train as fighters and the Nepalese government established civilian militias.[ 15] escalated in July and August until a ceasefire was signed on August 18.[ 16] a bombing that killed Russian-backed Chechen presidentAkhmad Kadyrov .[ 17]
Two major peace agreements were made in 2004: one between Senegal and theMovement of Democratic Forces of Casamance , and one between Sudan and theSudan People's Liberation Movement .[ 18] Lord's Resistance Army .[ 19] Kashmir conflict , bringing about the conflict's first full year without military action in roughly a decade, although an insurgency continued in the region.[ 16] United Self-Defense Forces of Colombia began in November during the Colombian conflict, but fighting with theRevolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia continued and the Colombian government launched itsPlan Patriota mobilization program.[ 20]
The highest-grossing film globally in 2004 wasShrek 2 Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban Spider-Man 2 The Passion of the Christ [ 21] Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind [ 22] [ 23] [ 24] [ 25] Kill Bill: Volume 2 [ 23] [ 24] [ 25] [ 26] Million Dollar Baby [ 22] [ 23] [ 24] [ 26]
Music sales in 2004 amounted to about 2.75 billion physical units, stalling the decline of units in previous years.CD albums made up 86% of sales, butDVD and digital music continued an upward trajectory.[ 27] Confessions Usher , followed byFeels like Home Norah Jones andEncore Eminem . The best-selling non-English album was the Japanese albumUtada Hikaru Single Collection Vol. 1 Hikaru Utada , the 19th best-selling of the year.[ 28]
Critically acclaimed video games from 2004 includeGrand Theft Auto: San Andreas Half-Life 2 Halo 2 [ 29]
March 2 –A series of bombings occur inKarbala , Iraq, killing over 140Shia Muslims commemorating theDay of Ashura .[ 43] March 5 –ImClone stock trading case :Martha Stewart is found guilty of financial crimes.[ 32] March 7 – The2004 Greek legislative election is held to elect all 300 members of theHellenic Parliament and theNew Democracy party, led byKostas Karamanlis , won 165 out of 300 seats, ending over 11 years of rule by thePASOK party.[ 44] March 11 –Al-Qaeda bombings onCercanías trains inMadrid , Spain, kill at least 192 people.[ 45] [ 46] March 14 – ThePSOE wins theelection in Spain;José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero is electedPrime Minister of Spain , replacingJosé María Aznar .[ 47] March 18 – ThePan-African Congress meets for the first time, inAddis Ababa .March 19 – TheKonginkangas bus disaster kills 23 and injures 14 people inÄänekoski, Finland .[ 48] March 28 –Hurricane Catarina , the first ever recorded South Atlantic hurricane, makes landfall inSanta Catarina , Brazil.[ 49] March 29 –Bulgaria ,Estonia ,Latvia ,Lithuania ,Romania ,Slovakia andSlovenia are admitted toNATO , the largest expansion of the organization.[ 50] March 30 – The Iranian government under PresidentMohammad Khatami approved a policy stating that children of foreign nationals inIran without valid documentation are not entitled to education in Iran. Furthermore, foreign students with valid documents are required to pay all or part of the enrollment fees and are not allowed to study in pre-university courses, vocational and technical schools, or evening classes.[ 51] March 31 –Air America , a planned progressive alternative to the popularity ofconservative talk radio in the U.S., airs its first broadcast.[ 32] April 1 –George W. Bush signs theUnborn Victims of Violence Act into law. The law recognizes a "child in utero" as alegal victim if killed in the commission of a crime.[ 32] April 4 – TheFirst Battle of Fallujah starts.April 7 –Rwanda observes a nationalmoment of silence on the 10th anniversary of the start of theRwandan genocide .[ 32] April 8 – TheHumanitarian Ceasefire Agreement is signed by theSudanese government and two rebel groups, in order to put a pause on theWar in Darfur .April 17 –Israeli helicopters fire missiles at a convoy of vehicles in theGaza Strip , killingHamas leaderAbdel Aziz al-Rantisi .[ 52] April 18 – Newly-electedprime minister of Spain ,José Zapatero , announces the withdrawal of all 1,300 Spanish troops fromIraq .[ 53] April 23 – TheUnited States eases economic embargo againstLibya , in preparation for the resumption of diplomatic relations in July.[ 54] April 24 –Referendums on theAnnan Plan forCyprus , which proposes to reunite the island, take place in both theGreek -controlled and theTurkish -controlled parts. Although theTurkish Cypriots vote in favour, theGreek Cypriots reject the proposal.[ 55] April 28 –CBS News first breaks the story ofAbu Ghraib torture and prisoner abuse .[ 32] April 29 – TheWorld War II Memorial inWashington, D.C. opens to the public.[ 32] August 1 – A fire in the"Ycua Bolaños-Botánico" supermarket inAsunción , Paraguay kills around 400 people.[ 73] August 3 –NASA 's unpilotedMESSENGER Mercury .[ 74] August 12 –Lee Hsien Loong is sworn in as the thirdPrime Minister of Singapore .[ 75] August 13 –Hurricane Charley makes landfall atPunta Gorda, Florida , atCategory 4 intensity.[ 32] August 13 –Akku Yadav , a notorious gangster and serial rapist, is lynched to death by several women in a courtroom inNagpur , India, while appearing for a bail hearing.[ 76] August 13 –29 – The2004 Summer Olympics are held inAthens , Greece.[ 77] August 18 –Broadband internet connections surpassdial-up for the first time in the United States.[ 78] August 22 – Armed robbers stealEdvard Munch 'sThe Scream Madonna Munch Museum inOslo , Norway.[ 79] August 24 October 8 – Suicide bombersdetonate two bombs at theRed Sea resort ofTaba, Egypt , killing 34 people and injuring 171, mostly Israeli tourists.[ 87] October 9 –2004 Australian federal election :John Howard 'sLiberal /National Coalition government is re-elected with an increased majority, defeating theLabor Party led byMark Latham .[ 88] October 17 –Parque Central Complex fire : A fire that lasted over 15 hours destroyed almost one third of the East Tower of theParque Central Urban Complex inCaracas , Venezuela.[ 89] October 19 – A team of explorers reach the bottom ofKrubera Cave , the world's deepest cave, with a depth of 2,080 meters (6,824 feet).[ 90] October 20 –Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono is sworn in as the 6thPresident of Indonesia , becoming the first directly elected president in Indonesia.[ 91] October 27 – TheBoston Red Sox win theWorld Series for the sixth time after completing a sweep of theSt. Louis Cardinals . It was their first championship since1918 .October 29 – European heads of state sign in Rome the Treaty and Final Act, establishing the firstEuropean Constitution .[ 92] November 2 –2004 United States presidential election :George W. Bush is re-electedPresident of the United States , defeating his Democratic challengerJohn Kerry .November 7 – TheSecond Battle of Fallujah starts.November 13 – TheEuropean Space Agency probeSMART-1 arrives at theMoon , becoming the first European satellite to fly to the Moon and orbit it.[ 93] November 16 –NASA 'shypersonic Scramjet Mach 9.6) in an unpiloted experimental flight.[ 94] [ 95] [ 96] November 21 –Nintendo releases theNintendo DS , the best-selling handheld game console, in North America.November 22 – TheOrange Revolution begins, following adisputed presidential election inUkraine whereViktor Yanukovych won againstViktor Yushchenko amid accusations of electoral fraud. A revote results in Yushchenko being declared the winner.[ 97] November 26 – The last knownPo'ouli dies in captivity at the Maui Bird Conservation Center inMaui ,Hawaii .November 30 – AMcDonnell Douglas MD-82 , operating asLion Air Flight 538 ,overran the runway and crashed on a cemetery nearAdisumarmo Airport ,Surakarta ,Central Java , Indonesia, killing 25 people.[ 98] December 2 –EUFOR takes over peacekeeping duties inBosnia and Herzegovina from theUnited Nations .[ 32] December 12 –Vladimir Putin signs a bill bringinggubernatorial elections inRussia to an end; governors will hereafter be appointed rather than directly elected.[ 32] December 13 –New Zealand passes theCivil Union Act , granting civil unions to same-sex couples as of April 2005.December 14 – The world's tallest bridge, theMillau Viaduct over theTarn in theMassif Central mountains, France, is officially opened.[ 99] December 16 – TheEuropean Council decides to start accession negotiations forTurkey to become a full member of theEuropean Union .[ 100] December 20 –Hungary withdraws the last of its 300coalition troops fromIraq .[ 32] December 21 – Iraqi insurgentsattack a U.S. military base in the city ofMosul , killing 22 people.[ 101] December 23 – TheSecond Battle of Fallujah ends.December 26 – The 9.1–9.3 Mw Indian Ocean earthquake shakes northernSumatra with a maximumMercalli intensity of IX (Violent ). One of the largest observedtsunamis follows, affecting coastal areas ofThailand ,India ,Sri Lanka ,Somalia , theMaldives ,Malaysia ,Myanmar ,Bangladesh , andIndonesia , killing 227,000 people.[ 102] December 27 – Astrophysicists from theMax Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics in Garching near Munich measure the strongest burst from amagnetar . At 21:30:26 UT Earth is hit by a huge wave front of gamma and X-rays. It is the strongest flux of high-energetic gamma radiation measured so far.[ 103] December 30 – Afire in the República Cromañón nightclub inBuenos Aires , Argentina kills 194.[ 104] December 31 –Taipei 101 , at the time thetallest skyscraper in the world, standing at a height of 1,670 feet (510 m), officially opens.[ 105]
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