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2003 Nobel Prizes

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The2003Nobel Prizes were awarded by theNobel Foundation, based inSweden. Six categories were awarded:Physics,Chemistry,Physiology or Medicine,Literature,Peace, andEconomic Sciences.[1]

Nobel Week took place from December 6 to 12, including programming such as lectures, dialogues, and discussions. The award ceremony and banquet for the Peace Prize were scheduled inOslo on December 10, while the award ceremony and banquet for all other categories were scheduled for the same day inStockholm.[2][3]

Prizes

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Physics

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Awardee(s)
Alexei Alexeyevich Abrikosov

(1928–2017)

Russian

American

"for pioneering contributions to the theory ofsuperconductors andsuperfluids"[4]
Vitaly Ginzburg

(1916–2009)

Russian
Anthony James Leggett

(b. 1938)

British

American

Chemistry

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Awardee(s)
Peter Agre

(b. 1949)

American"for discoveries concerning channels in cell membranes [...] for the discovery ofwater channels"[5]
Roderick MacKinnonRoderick MacKinnon

(b. 1956)

"for discoveries concerning channels in cell membranes [...] for structural and mechanisticstudies of ion channels"

Physiology or Medicine

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Awardee(s)
Paul Lauterbur

(1929–2007)

United States"for their discoveries concerningmagnetic resonance imaging"[6]
SirPeter Mansfield

(1933–2017)

United Kingdom

Literature

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Main article:2003 Nobel Prize in Literature
Awardee(s)
John Maxwell Coetzee

(b. 1940)

South Africa"who in innumerable guises portrays the surprising involvement of the outsider"[7]

Peace

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Main article:2003 Nobel Peace Prize
Awardee(s)
Shirin Ebadi

(born 1947)

Iran"for her efforts for democracy and human rights. She has focused especially on therights of women andchildren."[8]

Economic Sciences

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Awardee(s)
Robert F. Engle

(b. 1942)

United States"for methods of analyzing economictime series with time-varyingvolatility (ARCH)"[9]
Clive Granger

(1934–2009)

United Kingdom"for methods of analyzing economic time series with common trends (cointegration)"

Controversies

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Physiology or Medicine

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Lauterbur and Mansfield's awarding formagnetic resonance imaging development was criticized due to theNobel Foundation's lack of acknowledgement forRaymond Damadian, a scientist who similarly contributed to the invention of the technology in the seventies alongside Lauterbur and Mansfield.[10]

References

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  1. ^Ulaby, Neda (October 6, 2005)."Nobel Academy Silent on Literature Prize".NPR.
  2. ^"The Nobel Peace Prize 2003".NobelPrize.org. Retrieved2024-12-10.
  3. ^"The Nobel Prize Award Ceremony 2003".NobelPrize.org. 2013-06-01. Retrieved2024-12-10.
  4. ^"The Nobel Prize in Physics 2003".Nobel Foundation.Archived from the original on 8 October 2008. Retrieved9 October 2008.
  5. ^"The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2003". Nobel Foundation.Archived from the original on 29 September 2008. Retrieved6 October 2008.
  6. ^"The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2003". Nobel Foundation.Archived from the original on 18 July 2007. Retrieved28 July 2007.
  7. ^"Nobel Prize in Literature 2003". Nobel Foundation.Archived from the original on 2008-10-19. Retrieved2008-10-17.
  8. ^"The Nobel Peace Prize 2003". Nobel Foundation.Archived from the original on 2008-10-21. Retrieved2008-10-20.
  9. ^"The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2003". Nobel Foundation.Archived from the original on 2008-10-17. Retrieved2008-10-14.
  10. ^Dreizen, Paul (2004)."The Nobel prize for MRI: a wonderful discovery and a sad controversy".The Lancet.363 (9402): 78.doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(03)15182-3.PMID 14724008.
2003Nobel Prize laureates
Chemistry
Literature (2003)
Peace
Physics
Physiology or Medicine
Economic Sciences
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