| 19th United States Congress | |
|---|---|
18th ← → 20th | |
 United States Capitol (1827) | |
March 4, 1825 – March 4, 1827 | |
| Members | 48 senators 213 representatives 3 non-voting delegates |
| Senate majority | Jackson Men |
| Senate President | John C. Calhoun (DR) |
| House majority | Anti-Jackson |
| House Speaker | John W. Taylor (NR) |
| Sessions | |
| Special[a]: March 4, 1825 – March 9, 1825 1st: December 5, 1825 – May 22, 1826 2nd: December 4, 1826 – March 3, 1827 | |
The19th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of theUnited States Senate and theUnited States House of Representatives. It met inWashington, D.C. from March 4, 1825, to March 4, 1827, during the first two years ofJohn Quincy Adams'spresidency. The apportionment of seats in theHouse of Representatives was based on the1820 United States census. The Senate had a majority ofJackson Men, while the House had anAnti-Jackson (pro-Adams) majority.
The count below identifies party affiliations at the beginning of the first session of this congress. Changes resulting from subsequent replacements are shown below in the "Changes in membership" section.
|
| Party (shading shows control) | Total | Vacant | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Anti- Jacksonian (A) | Jacksonian (J) | Other | |||
| End ofprevious congress | 16[b] | 12[c] | 20[d] | 48 | 0 |
| Begin | 20 | 25 | 0 | 45 | 3 |
| End | 22 | 26 | 48 | 0 | |
| Final voting share | 45.8% | 54.2% | 0.0% | ||
| Beginning ofnext congress | 20 | 27 | 1 | 48 | 0 |
|
| Party (shading shows control) | Total | Vacant | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Anti- Jacksonian (A) | Jacksonian (J) | Other | |||
| End ofprevious congress | 87[e] | 71[f] | 55[g] | 213 | 0 |
| Begin | 107 | 106 | 0 | 213 | 0 |
| End | 109 | 104 | |||
| Final voting share | 51.2% | 48.8% | 0.0% | ||
| Beginning ofnext congress | 102 | 110 | 0 | 212 | 1 |
This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed by class and representatives are listed by district.
(J) following a name means the member was of the Jackson faction. (A) that the person was a member of the Adams (anti-Jackson) faction.
Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below areSenate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term ended with this Congress, facingre-election in 1826/1827; Class 2 meant their term began in the last Congress, facingre-election in 1828/1829; and Class 3 meant their term began in this Congress, facingre-election in 1830/1831.
|
|  2 Jacksonians 1 Jacksonian and 1 Anti-Jacksonian 2 Anti-Jacksonians
|
This count reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.
| State (class) | Vacated by | Reason for change | Successor | Date of successor's formal installation[h] |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| New Hampshire (3) | Vacant | Seat remained vacant | Levi Woodbury (J) | Installed March 16, 1825 |
| Connecticut (3) | Vacant | Seat remained vacant | Calvin Willey (A) | Installed May 4, 1825 |
| New York (3) | Vacant | Seat remained vacant | Nathan Sanford (A) | Installed January 14, 1826, after resigning asChancellor of New York |
| Virginia (1) | James Barbour (J) | Resigned March 7, 1825, after being appointedUS Secretary of War | John Randolph (J) | Appointed December 26, 1825 |
| Mississippi (1) | David Holmes (J) | Resigned September 25, 1825, after being electedGovernor of Mississippi | Powhatan Ellis (J) | Appointed September 28, 1825 |
| Tennessee (2) | Andrew Jackson (J) | Resigned October 14, 1825 | Hugh Lawson White (J) | Installed October 28, 1825 |
| Rhode Island (1) | James De Wolf (A) | Resigned October 31, 1825 | Asher Robbins (A) | Appointed October 31, 1825 |
| Maryland (3) | Edward Lloyd (J) | Resigned January 14, 1826, after being elected to theMaryland State Senate | Ezekiel F. Chambers (A) | Elected January 24, 1826 |
| Alabama (3) | Henry H. Chambers (J) | Died January 24, 1826 | Israel Pickens (J) | Appointed February 17, 1826 |
| Mississippi (1) | Powhatan Ellis (J) | Successor elected January 28, 1826 | Thomas B. Reed (J) | Installed January 28, 1826 |
| South Carolina (3) | John Gaillard (J) | Died February 26, 1826 | William Harper (J) | Appointed March 8, 1826 |
| Delaware (2) | Nicholas Van Dyke (A) | Died May 21, 1826 | Daniel Rodney (A) | Appointed November 8, 1826 |
| Massachusetts (2) | James Lloyd (A) | Resigned May 23, 1826 | Nathaniel Silsbee (A) | Installed May 31, 1826 |
| New Jersey (1) | Joseph McIlvaine (A) | Died August 19, 1826 | Ephraim Bateman(A) | Installed November 10, 1826 |
| Alabama (3) | Israel Pickens (J) | Successor elected November 27, 1826 | John McKinley (J) | Installed November 27, 1826 |
| South Carolina (3) | William Harper (J) | Successor elected November 29, 1826 | William Smith (J) | Installed November 29, 1826 |
| Delaware (2) | Daniel Rodney (A) | Resigned January 12, 1827, after successor was elected | Henry M. Ridgely (J) | Installed January 23, 1827 |
| District | Vacated by | Reason for change | Successor | Date of successor's formal installation[h] |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kentucky 3rd | Henry Clay (A) | Resigned March 6, 1825, after being appointedUS Secretary of State | James Clark (A) | Seated August 1, 1825 |
| South Carolina 1st | Joel R. Poinsett (J) | Resigned March 7, 1825, after being appointedMinister to Mexico | William Drayton (J) | Seated May 17, 1825 |
| Pennsylvania 16th | James Allison Jr. (J) | Resigned August 26, 1825 before the assembling of Congress | Robert Orr Jr. (J) | Seated October 11, 1825 |
| New York 20th | Egbert Ten Eyck (J) | Lost contested election December 15, 1825 | Daniel Hugunin Jr. (A) | Seated December 15, 1825 |
| Virginia 5th | John Randolph (J) | Resigned December 26, 1825, after being appointed to theUS Senate | George W. Crump (J) | Seated January 21, 1826 |
| Maryland 2nd | Joseph Kent (A) | Resigned January 6, 1826, after being electedGovernor of Maryland | John C. Weems (J) | Seated February 1, 1826 |
| Pennsylvania 18th | Patrick Farrelly (J) | Died January 12, 1826 | Thomas H. Sill (A) | Seated March 14, 1826 |
| Mississippi at-large | Christopher Rankin (J) | Died March 14, 1826 | William Haile (J) | Seated July 10, 1826 |
| North Carolina 8th | Willie P. Mangum (J) | Resigned March 18, 1826 | Daniel L. Barringer (J) | Seated December 4, 1826 |
| Pennsylvania 13th | Alexander Thomson (J) | Resigned May 1, 1826 | Chauncey Forward (J) | Seated December 4, 1826 |
| Ohio 10th | David Jennings (A) | Resigned May 25, 1826 | Thomas Shannon (A) | Seated December 4, 1826 |
| Kentucky 5th | James Johnson (J) | Died August 13, 1826 | Robert L. McHatton (J) | Seated December 7, 1826 |
| Pennsylvania 7th | Henry Wilson (J) | Died August 14, 1826 | Jacob Krebs (J) | Seated December 4, 1826 |
| Kentucky 12th | Robert P. Henry (J) | Died August 25, 1826 | John F. Henry (A) | Seated December 11, 1826 |
| Maine 5th | Enoch Lincoln (A) | Resigned before September 11, 1826 | James W. Ripley (J) | Seated September 11, 1826 |
| Pennsylvania 2nd | Joseph Hemphill (J) | Resigned before October 10, 1826 | Thomas Kittera (A) | Seated October 10, 1826 |
Lists of committees and their party leaders.
