Movatterモバイル変換


[0]ホーム

URL:


Jump to content
WikipediaThe Free Encyclopedia
Search

1997 in spaceflight

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

1997 in spaceflight
Launch of theCassini andHuygens spacecraft on aTitan IVB
Orbital launches
First12 January
Last24 December
Total89
Successes83
Failures3
Partial failures3
Catalogued86
National firsts
SatellitePhilippines
Rockets
Maiden flightsM-V
Titan IVB
VLS-1
Taepodong-1
RetirementsAtlas I
Crewed flights
Orbital10
Total travellers51
1997 in spaceflight
← 1996
1998 →

This article outlines notable events occurring in1997 in spaceflight, including major launches andEVAs.

Cassini–Huygens launch

[edit]
This paragraph is an excerpt fromCassini–Huygens.[edit]
Launched aboard aTitan IVB/Centaur on October 15, 1997,Cassini was active in space for nearly 20 years, spending its final 13 years orbiting Saturn and studying the planet and its system afterentering orbit on July 1, 2004.[1]
1950s
1960s
1970s
1980s
1990s
2000s
2010s
2020s
2030s
 

Orbital launches

[edit]
Date and time (UTC)RocketFlight numberLaunch siteLSP
Payload
(⚀ =CubeSat)
OperatorOrbitFunctionDecay (UTC)Outcome
Remarks

January

[edit]
12 January
09:27
United StatesSpace Shuttle AtlantisUnited StatesKennedyLC-39BUnited StatesUnited Space Alliance
United StatesSTS-81NASALow Earth (Mir)Shuttle-Mir flight22 January
14:23
Successful
United StatesSpaceHab LDMNASA/SpaceHabLow Earth (Atlantis)Logistics
Crewed orbital flight with six astronauts
17 January
16:28
United StatesDelta II 7925-9.5United StatesCape CanaveralLC-17AUnited StatesBoeing IDS
United StatesGPS IIR-1US Air ForceIntended:Medium EarthNavigation+12 secondsLaunch Failure
SRB structural failure caused rocket to explode; First flight of GPS Block IIR satellite
30 January
22:04
FranceAriane 4 (44L)FranceKourouELA-2FranceArianespace
United StatesGE 2GE AmericomGeosynchronousCommunicationsIn orbitOperational
ArgentinaNahuel 1ANahuelsaGeosynchronousCommunicationsIn orbitOperational

February

[edit]
10 February
14:09
RussiaSoyuz-UKazakhstanBaikonurSite 1/5RussiaRoskosmos
RussiaSoyuz TM-25RoskosmosLow Earth (Mir)Mir EO-2314 August
12:17
Successful
Crewed orbital flight with three cosmonauts
11 February
08:55
United StatesSpace Shuttle DiscoveryUnited StatesKennedyLC-39AUnited StatesUnited Space Alliance
United StatesSTS-82NASALow Earth (HST)Hubble Servicing Mission 221 February
08:32
Successful
Crewed orbital flight with seven astronauts
12 February
04:50
JapanM-VJapanUchinouraJapanISAS
JapanHALCA (MUSES-B)ISASMedium EarthAstronomyIn orbitSuccessful
Maiden flight of M-V; Mission concluded in November 2005
14 February
03:47
UkraineTsyklon-3RussiaPlesetskSite 32Russia
RussiaGonets-D1Gonets SatComLow EarthCommunicationsIn orbitOperational
RussiaGonets-D1Gonets SatComLow EarthCommunicationsIn orbitOperational
RussiaGonets-D1Gonets SatComLow EarthCommunicationsIn orbitOperational
RussiaKosmos 2337 (Strela-3)MO RFLow EarthCommunicationsIn orbitOperational
RussiaKosmos 2338 (Strela-3)MO RFLow EarthCommunicationsIn orbitOperational
RussiaKosmos 2339 (Strela-3)MO RFLow EarthCommunicationsIn orbitOperational
17 February
01:42
United StatesAtlas IIASUnited StatesCape CanaveralLC-36BUnited StatesRussiaInternational Launch Services
JapanJCSAT-4JSATGeosynchronousCommunicationsIn orbitOperational
23 February
20:20
United StatesTitan IVB (402)/IUSUnited StatesCape CanaveralLC-40United StatesLockheed Martin
United StatesUSA-130 (DSP F18)US Air ForceGeosynchronousEarly warningIn orbitOperational
Maiden flight of Titan IVB

March

[edit]
1 March
01:07
FranceAriane 4 (44P)FranceKourou ELA-2FranceArianespace
United NationsIntelsat 801IntelsatGeosynchronousCommunicationsIn orbitOperational
4 March
02:00
RussiaStart-1RussiaSvobodniy Site 5Russia
RussiaZeyaMO RFLow EarthCommunications25 October 1999Successful
8 March
06:01
United StatesAtlas IIAUnited StatesCape CanaveralLC-36AUnited StatesRussiaInternational Launch Services
United StatesTempo 2TCICurrent:Graveyard
Operational: Geosynchronous
CommunicationsIn orbitSuccessful
Suffered damage from a solar flare in April 1997 and was retired on 15 August 2006.

April

[edit]
4 April
16:47
United StatesTitan 23GUnited StatesVandenbergSLC-4WUnited StatesLockheed Martin
United StatesUSA-131 (DMSP 5D2 F14)US Air Force/NOAASun-synchronousMeteorologyIn orbitSuccessful
4 April
19:20
United StatesSpace Shuttle ColumbiaUnited StatesKennedy LC-39AUnited StatesUnited Space Alliance
United StatesSTS-83NASALow EarthMicrogravity research8 April
18:33
Partial Failure
United StatesSpacelab Long Module 1NASALow Earth (Columbia)Spacelab MSL-1
United StatesEDO PalletNASALow Earth (Columbia)Cryogenic mission extension pallet
Crewed orbital flight with seven astronauts
Fuel cell failure caused the flight to be aborted. Re-flown asSTS-94 later the same year.
6 April
16:04
RussiaSoyuz-UKazakhstanBaikonur Site 1/5RussiaRoskosmos
RussiaProgress M-34RoskosmosLow Earth (Mir)Logistics2 July
06:31
Spacecraft failure
Collided with Mir during rendezvous tests on 25 June, heavily damaging the station and permanently depressurizing theSpektr module.
9 April
08:58
RussiaMolniya-MRussiaPlesetskSite 16/2Russia
RussiaKosmos 2340 (Oko)MO RFMolniyaEarly warningIn orbitOperational
16 April
23:08
FranceAriane 4 (44LP)FranceKourou ELA-2FranceArianespace
ThailandThaicom 3ThaicomGeosynchronousCommunications2 October 2006Successful
JapanBSAT-1ABSATGeosynchronousCommunicationsIn orbitOperational
Thaicom 3 deorbited after suffering severe power degradation.[2]
17 April
13:03
RussiaKosmos-3MRussiaPlesetskSite 132/1Russia
RussiaKosmos 2341 (Parus)MO RFLow EarthNavigationIn orbitOperational
21 April
11:59
United StatesPegasus-XLSpainStargazer,GandoUnited StatesOrbital Sciences
SpainMinisat-01INTALow EarthTechnology development26 February 2002Successful
United StatesCelestis FoundersCelestisLow EarthSpace burial20 May 2002Successful
25 April
05:49
United StatesAtlas IUnited StatesCape Canaveral LC-36BUnited StatesRussiaInternational Launch Services
United StatesGOES 10 (GOES-K)NOAAGeosynchronous
Graveyard (after retirement)
MeteorologyIn orbitSuccessful
Final flight of Atlas I, satellite retired and boosted tograveyard orbit on 1 December 2009.[3]

May

[edit]
5 May
14:55
United StatesDelta II (7920-10C)United StatesVandenbergSLC-2WUnited StatesBoeing IDS
United StatesIridium 8IridiumLow EarthCommunications24 November 2017[4]Successful
United StatesIridium 7IridiumLow EarthCommunicationsIn orbitOperational
United StatesIridium 6IridiumLow EarthCommunications23 December 2017[5]Successful
United StatesIridium 5IridiumLow EarthCommunicationsIn orbitOperational
United StatesIridium 4IridiumLow EarthCommunicationsIn orbitOperational
11 May
16:17
ChinaLong March 3AChinaXichang LC-2China
ChinaZhongxing-6 (Chinasat-6)ChinasatGeosynchronousCommunicationsIn orbitOperational
14 May
00:33
RussiaMolniya-MRussiaPlesetskSite 43/4Russia
RussiaKosmos 2342 (Oko)MO RFMolniyaEarly warningIn orbitOperational
15 May
08:07
United StatesSpace ShuttleAtlantisUnited StatesKennedy LC-39AUnited StatesUnited Space Alliance
United StatesSTS-84NASALow Earth (Mir)Shuttle-Mir flight24 May
13:27
Successful
United StatesSpaceHab LDMNASA/SpaceHabLow Earth (Atlantis)Logistics
Crewed orbital flight with seven astronauts
15 May
12:10
RussiaSoyuz-UKazakhstanBaikonurSite 31/6Russia
RussiaKosmos 2343MO RFLow EarthReconnaissance18 SeptemberSuccessful
20 May
07:07
UkraineZenit-2KazakhstanBaikonurSite 45/1Russia
RussiaTselina-2VKSIntended: Low EarthELINT+ 48 secondsLaunch Failure
Stage 1 engine failure
20 May
22:39
United StatesDelta II 7925-9.5United StatesCape Canaveral LC-17AUnited StatesBoeing IDS
NorwayThor-2TelenorGeosynchronousCommunicationsIn orbitOperational
24 May
17:00
RussiaProton-K/DM-2MKazakhstanBaikonurSite 81/23United StatesRussiaInternational Launch Services
United StatesTelstar 5Loral SkynetGeosynchronousCommunicationsIn orbitOperational

June

[edit]
3 June
23:20
FranceAriane 4 (44L)FranceKourou ELA-2FranceArianespace
United KingdomInmarsat 3F4InmarsatGeosynchronousCommunicationsIn orbitOperational
IndiaINSAT 2DISROGeosynchronousCommunicationsIn orbitSpacecraft Failure
Insat 2D declared a total loss on 4 October 1997.
6 June
16:56
RussiaProton-K/DM-5KazakhstanBaikonurSite 200/39Russia
RussiaKosmos 2344 (Araks-N)MO RFMedium EarthReconnaissanceIn orbitOperational
10 June
12:01
ChinaLong March 3ChinaXichang LC-1China
ChinaFeng Yun 2ACASCGeosynchronousMeteorologyIn orbitSpacecraft Failure
Halted transmitting data in April 1998, resumed transmission but imaging system failed later that year in September.
18 June
14:02
RussiaProton-K/DM2KazakhstanBaikonur Site 81/23Russia
United StatesIridium 14IridiumLow EarthCommunicationsIn orbitSpacecraft Failure
United StatesIridium 12IridiumLow EarthCommunications2 September 2018[6]Successful
United StatesIridium 9IridiumLow EarthCommunications11 March 2003Spacecraft Failure
United StatesIridium 10IridiumLow EarthCommunications6 October 2018[7]Successful
United StatesIridium 13IridiumLow EarthCommunications29 April 2018[8]Successful
United StatesIridium 16IridiumLow EarthCommunicationsIn orbitOperational
United StatesIridium 11IridiumLow EarthCommunicationsIn orbitSpacecraft Failure
25 June
23:44
FranceAriane 4 (44P)FranceKourou ELA-2FranceArianespace
United NationsIntelsat 802IntelsatGeosynchronousCommunicationsIn orbitOperational

July

[edit]
1 July
18:02
United StatesSpace ShuttleColumbiaUnited StatesKennedy LC-39AUnited StatesUnited Space Alliance
United StatesSTS-94NASALow EarthMicrogravity research17 July
10:40
Successful
United StatesSpacelab Long Module 1NASALow Earth (Columbia)Spacelab MSL-1
United StatesEDO PalletNASALow Earth (Columbia)Cryogenic mission extension pallet
Crewed orbital flight with seven astronauts, reflight ofSTS-83
Final flight of Spacelab Long Module 1
5 July
04:11
RussiaSoyuz-UKazakhstanBaikonur Site 1/5RussiaRoskosmos
RussiaProgress M-35RoskosmosLow Earth (Mir)Logistics7 October
17:23
Successful
9 July
13:04
United StatesDelta II 7920-10CUnited StatesVandenberg SLC-2WUnited StatesBoeing IDS
United StatesIridium 15IridiumLow EarthCommunications14 October 2018[9]Successful
United StatesIridium 17IridiumLow EarthCommunicationsIn orbitOperational
United StatesIridium 20IridiumLow EarthCommunicationsIn orbitSpacecraft Failure
United StatesIridium 18IridiumLow EarthCommunications19 August 2018[10]Successful
United StatesIridium 21IridiumLow EarthCommunicationsIn orbitSpacecraft Failure
23 July
03:42
United StatesDelta II 7925-9.5United StatesCape Canaveral LC-17AUnited StatesBoeing IDS
United StatesUSA-132 (GPS IIR-2)US Air ForceMedium EarthNavigationIn orbitOperational
28 July
01:15
United StatesAtlas IIASUnited StatesCape Canaveral LC-36BUnited StatesRussiaInternational Launch Services
JapanSuperbird CSCCGeosynchronousCommunicationsIn orbitOperational

August

[edit]
1 August
20:20
United StatesPegasus-XLUnited StatesStargazer, VandenbergUnited StatesOrbital Sciences
United StatesOrbview-2GeoEyeLow EarthEarth imagingIn orbitOperational
5 August
15:35
RussiaSoyuz-UKazakhstanBaikonur Site 1/5RussiaRoskosmos
RussiaSoyuz TM-26RoskosmosLow Earth (Mir)Mir EO-2419 February 1998
09:10
Successful
Crewed orbital flight with two cosmonauts
7 August
14:41
United StatesSpace ShuttleDiscoveryUnited StatesKennedy LC-39AUnited StatesUnited Space Alliance
United StatesSTS-85NASALow EarthSpace sciences19 August
11:08
Successful
GermanyUnited StatesCRISTA-SPAS-2DLR/NASALow EarthAtmospheric research
JapanMFDNASDALow Earth (Discovery)Dextrous RMS demonstration
Crewed orbital flight with six astronauts
CRISTA-SPAS deployed 7 August and retrieved 16 August
8 August
06:46
FranceAriane 4 (44LP)FranceKourou ELA-2FranceArianespace
United StatesPAS 6PanAmSatGeosynchronousCommunicationsIn orbitSpacecraft Failure
Spacecraft failure occurred in April 2004
14 August
20:49
RussiaProton-K/DM-2KazakhstanBaikonur Site 200/39Russia
RussiaKosmos 2345 (Prognoz)MO RFGeosynchronousEarly warningIn orbitSuccessful
Retired on 1 January 1999
19 August
17:50
ChinaLong March 3BChinaXichang LC-2China
PhilippinesAgila 2MPSCGeosynchronousCommunicationsIn orbitOperational
21 August
00:38
United StatesDelta II 7920-10CUnited StatesVandenberg SLC-2WUnited StatesBoeing IDS
United StatesIridium 26IridiumLow EarthCommunicationsIn orbitOperational
United StatesIridium 25IridiumLow EarthCommunications14 May 2018[11]Successful
United StatesIridium 24IridiumLow EarthCommunications11 May 2019[12]Spacecraft Failure
United StatesIridium 23IridiumLow EarthCommunications28 March 2018[13]Successful
United StatesIridium 22IridiumLow EarthCommunicationsIn orbitOperational
23 August
06:51
United StatesLMLV-1 (Athena I)United StatesVandenbergSLC-6United StatesLockheed Martin
United StatesLewisNASALow EarthEarth observation29 SeptemberSpacecraft failure
Control lost within three days of launch due to RCS design flaw.[14]
25 August
14:39
United StatesDelta II 7920-8United StatesCape Canaveral LC-17AUnited StatesBoeing IDS
United StatesACENASAEarth/Sun L1 pointMagnetospheric researchIn orbitOperational
28 August
00:33
RussiaProton-K/DM-2MKazakhstanBaikonur Site 81/23United StatesRussiaInternational Launch Services
United StatesPAS 5PanAmSatGeosynchronousCommunicationsIn orbitOperational
29 August
15:02
United StatesPegasus-XLUnited StatesStargazer, VandenbergUnited StatesOrbital Sciences
United StatesFORTEUS Air ForceLow EarthIonosphere researchIn orbitOperational

September

[edit]
1 September
14:00
ChinaLong March 2CChinaTaiyuan LC-1ChinaCASC
United StatesIridium MFS-1IridiumLow EarthBoilerplate spacecraftIn orbitSuccessful
United StatesIridium MFS-2IridiumLow EarthBoilerplate spacecraftIn orbitSuccessful
2 September
22:21
FranceAriane 4 (44LP)FranceKourou ELA-2FranceArianespace
FranceHot Bird 3EutelsatGeosynchronousCommunicationsIn orbitOperational
Meteosat 7EumetsatGeosynchronousMeteorologyIn orbitOperational
4 September
12:03
United StatesAtlas IIASUnited StatesCape Canaveral LC-36AUnited StatesRussiaInternational Launch Services
United StatesGE 3GE AmericomGeosynchronousCommunicationsIn orbitOperational
14 September
01:36
RussiaProton-K/17S40KazakhstanBaikonur Site 81/23Russia
United StatesIridium 29IridiumLow EarthCommunicationsIn orbitOperational
United StatesIridium 32IridiumLow EarthCommunications10 March 2019[16]Successful
United StatesIridium 33IridiumLow EarthCommunications10 February 2009Partial Failure
United StatesIridium 27IridiumLow EarthCommunications1 February 2002Spacecraft Failure
United StatesIridium 28IridiumLow EarthCommunicationsIn orbitOperational
United StatesIridium 30IridiumLow EarthCommunications28 September 2017[17]Successful
United StatesIridium 31IridiumLow EarthCommunications20 December 2018[18]Successful
Iridium 33 destroyed in collision withKosmos 2251[15]
23 September
16:44
RussiaKosmos-3MRussiaPlesetsk Site 132/1Russia
RussiaKosmos 2346 (Parus)MO RFLow EarthNavigationIn orbitOperational
United StatesFAISAT-2VFAILow EarthCommunicationsIn orbitOperational
23 September
23:58
FranceAriane 4 (42L)FranceKourou ELA-2FranceArianespace
United NationsIntelsat 803IntelsatGeosynchronousCommunicationsIn orbitOperational
24 September
21:30
RussiaMolniya-MRussiaPlesetsk Site 43/4Russia
RussiaMolniya-1TMO RFMolniyaCommunicationsIn orbitOperational
26 September
02:34
United StatesSpace ShuttleAtlantisUnited StatesKennedy LC-39AUnited StatesUnited Space Alliance
United StatesSTS-86NASALow Earth (Mir)Shuttle-Mir flight6 October
21:55
Successful
United StatesSpaceHab LDMNASA/SpaceHabLow Earth (Atlantis)Logistics
Crewed orbital flight with seven astronauts
27 September
01:23
United StatesDelta II 7920-10CUnited StatesVandenberg SLC-2WUnited StatesBoeing IDS
United StatesIridium 19IridiumLow EarthCommunications7 April 2018[19]Successful
United StatesIridium 37IridiumLow EarthCommunications26 May 2018[20]Successful
United StatesIridium 36IridiumLow EarthCommunicationsIn orbitOperational
United StatesIridium 35IridiumLow EarthCommunications26 December 2018[21]Successful
United StatesIridium 34IridiumLow EarthCommunications8 January 2018[22]Successful
29 September
04:47
IndiaPSLVIndiaSriharikota FLPIndiaISRO
IndiaIRS-1DISROSun-synchronousRemote sensingIn orbitOperational

October

[edit]
5 October
15:08
RussiaSoyuz-UKazakhstanBaikonur Site 1/5RussiaRoskosmos
RussiaProgress M-36RoskosmosLow Earth (Mir)Logistics19 December
13:20
Successful
RussiaSputnik-40RoskosmosLow EarthAmateur communications21 May 1998Successful
GermanyX-MirDASALow Earth (Mir)Inspect Mir2 October 1998Successful
5 October
21:01
United StatesAtlas IIASUnited StatesCape Canaveral LC-36BUnited StatesRussiaInternational Launch Services
United StatesEchostar 3EchoStarGeosynchronousCommunicationsIn orbitOperational
9 October
17:59
RussiaSoyuz-URussiaPlesetskSite 43/3Russia
RussiaFoton 11RoskosmosLow EarthMicrogravity research23 OctoberSuccessful
15 October
08:43
United StatesTitan IVB (401)/CentaurUnited StatesCape Canaveral LC-40United StatesLockheed Martin
United StatesCassiniNASAKronocentric OrbitSaturn orbiter15 September 2017
10:31
Successful
United StatesHuygensNASA/ESAKronocentric OrbitTitan lander14 January 2005
12:43
Successful
Cassini is the first spacecraft to orbit Saturn and Huygens is the first spacecraft to land on Titan.
Huygens released from Cassini on 25 December 2004.
16 October
19:13
ChinaLong March 3BChinaXichang LC-2China
ChinaApstar 2RAPTGeosynchronousCommunicationsIn orbitOperational
22 October
13:13
United StatesPegasus-XLUnited StatesStargazer, Wallops IslandUnited StatesOrbital Sciences
United StatesSTEP-4US Air ForceLow Earth31 March 2001Successful
24 October
02:32
United StatesTitan IVA (403)United StatesVandenbergSLC-4EUnited StatesLockheed Martin
United StatesUSA-133 (Lacrosse 3)NROLow EarthReconnaissanceIn orbitOperational
25 October
00:46
United StatesAtlas IIAUnited StatesCape Canaveral LC-36AUnited States
United StatesUSA-135 (DSCS III F13)US Air ForceGeosynchronousCommunicationsIn orbitOperational
United StatesFalconSat GoldUSAFAGeosynchronous transferTechnology demonstration27 September 1998Successful
30 October
13:43
FranceAriane 5GFranceKourouELA-3FranceArianespace
MAQSAT-HESAGeosynchronous transferBoilerplateIn orbitSuccessful
MAQSAT-BESAGeosynchronous transferBoilerplateIn orbitSuccessful
TEAMSATESTECGeosynchronous transferTechnology developmentIn orbitOperational
YESESTECGeosynchronous transferTechnolovy developmentIn orbitOperational

November

[edit]
2 November
12:25
BrazilVLS-1V01BrazilAlcântaraBrazilINPE
BrazilSCD-2AINPEIntended: Low EarthWeather satellite2 NovemberLaunch Failure
Maiden flight of VLS-1; First Brazilian orbital launch attempt
6 November
00:30
United StatesDelta II 7925-9.5United StatesCape Canaveral LC-17AUnited StatesBoeing IDS
United StatesUSA-134 (GPS IIA-19)US Air ForceMedium EarthNavigationIn orbitOperational
8 November
02:05
United StatesTitan IVA (401)/CentaurUnited StatesCape CanaveralLC-41United StatesLockheed Martin
United StatesUSA-136 (Trumpet 3)NROMolniyaSIGINTIn orbitOperational
NRO Launch 4
9 November
01:34
United StatesDelta II 7920-10CUnited StatesVandenberg SLC-2WUnited StatesBoeing IDS
United StatesIridium 43IridiumLow EarthCommunications11 February 2018[23]Successful
United StatesIridium 41IridiumLow EarthCommunications28 July 2018[24]Successful
United StatesIridium 40IridiumLow EarthCommunications23 September 2018[25]Successful
United StatesIridium 39IridiumLow EarthCommunicationsIn orbitOperational
United StatesIridium 38IridiumLow EarthCommunicationsIn orbitOperational
12 November
17:00
RussiaProton-K/DM-2MKazakhstanBaikonur Site 200/39Russia
RussiaKuponRFCBGeosynchronousCommunicationsIn orbitSpacecraft Failure
Onboard computer failed
12 November
21:48
FranceAriane 4 (44L)FranceKourou ELA-2FranceArianespace
SwedenSirius 2NSABGeosynchronousCommunicationsIn orbitSpacecraft Failure
IndonesiaIndoStar-1IndostarGeosynchronousCommunicationsIn orbitOperational
Astra 5A (Sirius 2) failed on 16 January 2009
18 November
11:14
RussiaSoyuz-URussiaPlesetskRussia
RussiaResurs F-1MRoskosmosLow EarthRemote sensing13 DecemberSuccessful
19 November
19:46
United StatesSpace ShuttleColumbiaUnited StatesKennedy LC-39BUnited StatesUnited Space Alliance
United StatesSTS-87NASALow EarthMicrogravity experiments5 December
12:20
Successful
United StatesSPARTAN-201NASALow EarthMicrogravity researchFailure
United StatesEDO PalletNASALow Earth (Columbia)Cryogenic mission extension palletSuccessful
Crewed orbital flight with six astronauts
Spartan failed to orient itself due to human error during deployment on 21 November; was retrieved on 25 November.
27 November
21:27
JapanH-IIJapanTanegashimaLA-Y1Japan
United StatesTRMMNASALow EarthEnvironmental research16 June 2015
06:55[27]
Successful
JapanHikoboshi (ETS-7)NASDALow EarthDocking test13 November 2015[28]Successful
JapanOrihime (ETS-7)NASDALow EarthDocking test13 November 2015[28]Successful
The two ETS satellites docked on 7 July 1998[26]

December

[edit]
2 December
22:52
FranceAriane 4 (44P)FranceKourou ELA-2FranceArianespace
JapanJCSAT 5JSATGeosynchronousCommunicationsIn orbitOperational
GermanyEquator-SDLRGeosynchronous transferMagnetospheric researchIn orbitOperational
12 November
17:00
RussiaProton-K/DM-2MKazakhstanBaikonur Site 81/23United StatesRussiaInternational Launch Services
LuxembourgAstra 1GSESGeosynchronousCommunicationsIn orbitOperational
8 December
07:16
ChinaLong March 2CChinaTaiyuan LC-1ChinaCASC
United StatesIridium 42IridiumLow EarthCommunicationsIn orbitOperational
United StatesIridium 44IridiumLow EarthCommunicationsIn orbitSpacecraft Failure
8 December
23:52
United StatesAtlas IIASUnited StatesCape Canaveral LC-36BUnited StatesRussiaInternational Launch Services
United StatesGalaxy 8iPanAmSatCurrent:Graveyard
Operational: Geosynchronous
CommunicationsIn orbitSuccessful
Retired in October 2002
9 December
07:17
UkraineTsyklon-2KazakhstanBaikonurSite 90/20Russia
RussiaKosmos 2347 (EORSATMO RFLow EarthSIGINT11 December 1999Successful
15 December
15:40
RussiaSoyuz-URussiaPlesetskRussia
RussiaKosmos 2348 (Yantar)MO RFLow EarthReconnaissance14 April 1998Successful
20 December
08:45
RussiaSoyuz-UKazakhstanBaikonur Site 1/5RussiaRoskosmos
RussiaProgress M-37RoskosmosLow Earth (Mir)Logistics15 March 1998
23:04
Successful
20 December
13:16
United StatesDelta II 7920-10CUnited StatesVandenberg SLC-2WUnited StatesBoeing IDS
United StatesIridium 45IridiumLow EarthCommunicationsIn orbitOperational
United StatesIridium 46IridiumLow EarthCommunicationsIn orbitOperational
United StatesIridium 47IridiumLow EarthCommunications1 September 2018[29]Successful
United StatesIridium 48IridiumLow EarthCommunications5 May 2001Spacecraft Failure
United StatesIridium 49IridiumLow EarthCommunications13 February 2018[30]Successful
22 December
00:16
FranceAriane 4 (42L)FranceKourou ELA-2FranceArianespace
United NationsIntelsat 804IntelsatGeosynchronousCommunicationsIn orbitOperational
23 December
19:11
United StatesPegasus-XL/HAPSUnited StatesStargazer, Wallops IslandUnited StatesOrbital Sciences
United StatesOrbcomm A1OrbcommLow EarthCommunicationsIn orbitOperational
United StatesOrbcomm A2OrbcommLow EarthCommunicationsIn orbitOperational
United StatesOrbcomm A3OrbcommLow EarthCommunicationsIn orbitOperational
United StatesOrbcomm A4OrbcommLow EarthCommunicationsIn orbitOperational
United StatesOrbcomm A5OrbcommLow EarthCommunicationsIn orbitOperational
United StatesOrbcomm A6OrbcommLow EarthCommunicationsIn orbitOperational
United StatesOrbcomm A7OrbcommLow EarthCommunicationsIn orbitOperational
United StatesOrbcomm A8OrbcommLow EarthCommunicationsIn orbitOperational
24 December
13:32
RussiaStart-1RussiaSvobodniy Site 5Russia
United StatesEarly Bird 1EarthWatchLow EarthEarth observation27 July 2000Successful
24 December
23:19
RussiaProton-K/DM-2MKazakhstanBaikonur Site 81/23United StatesRussiaInternational Launch Services
ChinaAsiaSat 3AsiaSatGeosynchronousCommunicationsIn orbitPartial Launch Failure
Upper stage failure; Performed lunar flyby to reduceorbital inclination and reach operational position.

Suborbital launches

[edit]
Date and time (UTC)RocketFlight numberLaunch siteLSP
Payload
(⚀ =CubeSat)
OperatorOrbitFunctionDecay (UTC)Outcome
Remarks

January

[edit]
15 JanuaryRussiaR-29RussiaSubmarine,Barents SeaRussiaRussian Navy
Russian NavySuborbitalMissile test15 JanuarySuccessful
17 January
01:17
United StatesLGM-30F Minuteman IIUnited StatesVandenbergLF-03United StatesUS Air Force
United StatesIFT-1 (EKV)US Air ForceSuborbitalABM target17 JanuarySuccessful
29 JanuaryUnited StatesStorm-2United StatesWhite Sands LC-32United StatesOrbital Sciences
United StatesMTTVUS Air ForceSuborbitalTarget spacecraft29 JanuaryFailure
United StatesMTD-2US Air ForceSuborbitalWeapons test
30 JanuaryUnited StatesSR19United StatesC-130,NAS Point MuguUnited StatesUS Air Force
United StatesAltAir (Have Gold)US Air ForceSuborbitalTest flight+28 secondsLaunch Failure
Accidentally destroyed by range safety
30 January
07:30
JapanS-520JapanUchinoura Pad KJapanISAS
ISASSuborbitalTechnology development30 JanuarySuccessful
30 January
08:42
United StatesLGM-30G Minuteman IIIUnited StatesVandenbergLF-26United StatesUS Air Force
United StatesFOT GT163GBUS Air ForceSuborbitalMissile test30 JanuarySuccessful
31 January
01:55
RussiaMR-12RussiaKapustin YarRussiaAN RF
United StatesFlaksus-1APLSuborbitalPlasma research31 JanuarySuccessful

February

[edit]
5 February
02:16
RussiaMR-12RussiaKapustin YarRussiaAN RF
United StatesFlaksus-2APLSuborbitalPlasma research5 FebruarySuccessful
7 FebruaryRussiaR-17 ScudMarshall IslandsBigen Island,Aur AtollUnited StatesUS Air Force
United StatesWillow DuneUS Air ForceSuborbitalTarget7 FebruarySuccessful
10 February
05:17
CanadaBlack Brant XIIUnited StatesPoker FlatUnited StatesNASA
United StatesPHAZE 2NASASuborbitalIonosphere research10 FebruarySuccessful
10 February
06:30
United StatesCastor-OrbusUnited StatesNevada Test Site LA-26United StatesSandia
SandiaSuborbitalRocket test10 FebruarySuccessful
11 February
08:36
CanadaBlack Brant XIIUnited StatesPoker FlatUnited StatesNASA
United StatesAuroral Turbulance 2NASASuborbitalAuroral/Ionosphere research11 FebruarySuccessful
12 February
21:00
United StatesLCLVUnited StatesWallops IslandUnited StatesOrbital Sciences
United StatesMDT IVSuborbitalTarget12 FebruarySuccessful
20 FebruaryUnited StatesUGM-96 Trident IUnited StatesSubmarine,Eastern RangeUnited StatesUS Navy
US NavySuborbitalMissile test20 FebruarySuccessful
20 FebruaryUnited StatesUGM-96 Trident IUnited StatesSubmarine, Eastern RangeUnited StatesUS Navy
US NavySuborbitalMissile test20 FebruarySuccessful
20 FebruaryUnited StatesUGM-96 Trident IUnited StatesSubmarine, Eastern RangeUnited StatesUS Navy
US NavySuborbitalMissile test20 FebruarySuccessful
20 FebruaryUnited StatesUGM-96 Trident IUnited StatesSubmarine, Eastern RangeUnited StatesUS Navy
US NavySuborbitalMissile test20 FebruarySuccessful
22 FebruaryUnited StatesCastor 4BUnited StatesWake IslandUnited StatesOrbital Sciences
United StatesTCMP IISuborbitalRe-entry vehicle test22 FebruarySuccessful
23 FebruaryIndiaPrithviIndiaBalasoreIndiaDRDO
DRDOSuborbitalMissile test23 FebruarySuccessful
23 February
10:06
United StatesLCLVUnited StatesWallops IslandUnited StatesOrbital Sciences
United StatesMDT IIISuborbitalTarget23 FebruarySuccessful
26 February
20:00
CanadaBlack Brant IXUnited StatesWhite SandsUnited StatesNASA
NASASuborbitalRocket test26 FebruarySuccessful

March

[edit]
1 MarchUnited StatesCastor 4BUnited StatesWake IslandUnited StatesOrbitalSciences
United StatesTCMP IISuborbitalRe-entry vehicle test1 MarchSuccessful
6 MarchUnited StatesHeraUnited StatesWhite Sands LC-94United StatesUS Air Force
US Air ForceSuborbitalABM Target6 MarchSuccessful
6 MarchUnited StatesTHAADUnited StatesWhite SandsUnited StatesUS Air Force
US Air ForceSuborbitalABM Interceptor6 MarchSuccessful
13 March
10:20
CanadaBlack Brant IXUnited StatesPoker FlatUnited StatesNASA
NASASuborbitalIonosphere research13 MarchSuccessful
18 March
00:16
United StatesUGM-133 Trident IIUnited StatesSubmarine, Eastern RangeUnited StatesUS Navy
US NavySuborbitalMissile test18 MarchSuccessful
18 MarchUnited StatesUGM-133 Trident IIUnited StatesSubmarine, Eastern RangeUnited StatesUS Navy
US NavySuborbitalMissile test18 MarchSuccessful
19 MarchRussiaR-17 ScudMarshall IslandsBigen Island, Aur AtollUnited StatesUS Air Force
United StatesWillow DuneUS Air ForceSuborbitalTarget19 MarchSuccessful
25 March
03:15
CanadaBlack Brant IXUnited StatesWhite Sands LC-36United StatesNASA
NASASuborbitalUltraviolet astronomy25 MarchSuccessful
StudiedHale-Bopp comet
30 March
03:25
CanadaBlack Brant IXUnited StatesWhite Sands LC-36United StatesNASA
United StatesEUVSNASASuborbitalUltraviolet astronomy30 MarchSuccessful

April

[edit]
6 April
03:25
CanadaBlack Brant IXUnited StatesWhite Sands LC-36United StatesNASA
NASASuborbital6 AprilSuccessful
8 April
03:55
CanadaBlack Brant IXUnited StatesWhite Sands LC-36United StatesNASA
United StatesWISPNASASuborbitalUltraviolet astronomy8 AprilSuccessful
17 AprilUkraineR-36MKazakhstanBaikonurRussiaRVSN
RVSNSuborbitalMissile test17 AprilSuccessful
28 April
16:42
BrazilVS-30BrazilAlcântaraBrazilINPE
GermanyAL-VS30-223DLRSuborbitalTest rocket28 AprilSuccessful
30 AprilIndiaRH-560/300 Mk.IIIndiaSriharikotaIndiaISRO
ISROSuborbitalTest rocket30 AprilSuccessful

May

[edit]
2 May
07:30
CanadaBlack Brant IXUnited StatesWhite Sands LC-36United StatesNASA
NASASuborbitalX-ray Astronomy2 MaySuccessful
8 May
07:10
CanadaBlack Brant IXUnited StatesWhite Sands LC-36United StatesNASA
NASASuborbitalAstronomy8 MaySuccessful
8 May
08:01
United StatesLGM-118 PeacekeeperUnited StatesVandenbergLF-05United StatesUS Air Force
United States9 re-entry vehiclesUS Air ForceSuborbitalMissile test8 MaySuccessful
15 May
19:16
CanadaBlack Brant IXUnited StatesWhite Sands LC-36United StatesNASA
United StatesNCAR/CU-6NASASuborbitalUltraviolet astronomy/Solar observation15 MaySuccessful
21 May
08:27
United StatesLGM-30G Minuteman IIIUnited StatesVandenbergLF-04United StatesUS Air Force
United StatesFOT GT164GM/SHARPUS Air ForceSuborbitalMissile and re-entry vehicle test21 MaySuccessful
23 May
21:44
United StatesTerrier-OrionUnited StatesWallops IslandUnited StatesNASA
United StatesMSXSMDCSuborbitalTarget23 MaySuccessful
29 May
04:56
CanadaBlack Brant IXUnited StatesWhite Sands LC-36United StatesNASA
NASASuborbitalRadio astronomy29 MaySuccessful
30 MayUnited StatesUGM-133 Trident IIUnited StatesSubmarine, Eastern RangeUnited StatesUS Navy
US NavySuborbitalMissile test30 MaySuccessful

June

[edit]
10 JuneRussiaUR-100NUKazakhstanBaikonurRussiaRVSN
RVSNSuborbitalMissile test10 JuneSuccessful
18 June
14:02
United StatesLGM-30G Minuteman IIIUnited StatesVandenbergLF-10United StatesUS Air Force
United StatesFOT GT165GMUS Air ForceSuborbitalMissile test18 JuneSuccessful
24 June
03:39
United StatesLGM-30F Minuteman IIUnited StatesVandenberg LF-03United StatesUS Air Force
United StatesMSLSIFT-1AUS Air ForceSuborbitalABM target24 JunePartial Failure
Some decoys failed to deploy
24 June
04:00
United StatesPayload Launch VehicleMarshall IslandsMeck Island,KwajaleinUnited StatesOrbital Sciences
United StatesIFT-1A EKVUS Air ForceSuborbitalABM Test24 JunePartial Failure
Poor system performance; Non-destructive flyby

July

[edit]
8 July
12:25
RussiaRT-2PM TopolRussiaPlesetskSite 158RussiaRVSN
RVSNSuborbitalMissile test8 JulySuccessful
9 JulySouth KoreaKSR-IISouth KoreaAnhuengSouth KoreaKARI
KARISuborbitalX-ray astronomy/Ionosphere research9 JulySuccessful
23 JulyRussiaR-29RussiaSubmarine, Barents SeaRussiaRussian Navy
Russian NavySuborbitalMissile test23 JulySuccessful

August

[edit]
8 August
13:19
United StatesSuper LokiUnited StatesWallops IslandUnited StatesNASA
NASASuborbitalAeronomy research8 AugustSuccessful
8 August
13:24
United StatesTerrier-OrionUnited StatesWallops IslandUnited StatesNASA
United StatesCOORSNASASuborbitalIonosphere/Aeronomy research8 AugustFailure
8 August
16:29
CanadaBlack Brant VCUnited StatesWhite SandsUnited StatesNASA
NASASuborbitalIonosphere/Aeronomy research8 AugustSuccessful
9 August
13:29
United StatesSuper LokiUnited StatesWallops IslandUnited StatesNASA
NASASuborbitalAeronomy research9 AugustSuccessful
9 August
22:57
United StatesSuper LokiUnited StatesWallops IslandUnited StatesNASA
NASASuborbitalAeronomy research9 AugustSuccessful
10 August
13:36
United StatesViperUnited StatesWallops IslandUnited StatesNASA
NASASuborbitalAeronomy research10 AugustSuccessful
10 August
21:30
United StatesSuper LokiUnited StatesWallops IslandUnited StatesNASA
NASASuborbitalAeronomy research10 AugustSuccessful
11 August
13:38
United StatesSuper LokiUnited StatesWallops IslandUnited StatesNASA
NASASuborbitalAeronomy research11 AugustSuccessful
11 August
13:43
United StatesViperUnited StatesWallops IslandUnited StatesNASA
NASASuborbitalAeronomy research11 AugustSuccessful
11 August
18:18
CanadaBlack Brant IXUnited StatesWhite SandsUnited StatesNASA
NASASuborbitalUltraviolet astronomy11 AugustSuccessful
11 August
21:34
United StatesSuper LokiUnited StatesWallops IslandUnited StatesNASA
NASASuborbitalAeronomy research11 AugustSuccessful
12 August
12:10
United StatesSuper LokiUnited StatesWallops IslandUnited StatesNASA
NASASuborbitalAeronomy research12 AugustSuccessful
12 August
12:15
United StatesViperUnited StatesWallops IslandUnited StatesNASA
NASASuborbitalAeronomy research12 AugustSuccessful
12 August
12:26
United StatesSuper LokiUnited StatesWallops IslandUnited StatesNASA
NASASuborbitalAeronomy research12 AugustSuccessful
12 August
21:41
United StatesSuper LokiUnited StatesWallops IslandUnited StatesNASA
NASASuborbitalAeronomy research12 AugustSuccessful
13 August
13:50
United StatesSuper LokiUnited StatesWallops IslandUnited StatesNASA
NASASuborbitalAeronomy research13 AugustSuccessful
13 August
13:55
United StatesSuper LokiUnited StatesWallops IslandUnited StatesNASA
NASASuborbitalAeronomy research13 AugustSuccessful
13 August
21:40
United StatesSuper LokiUnited StatesWallops IslandUnited StatesNASA
NASASuborbital13 AugustSuccessful
14 August
12:22
United StatesSuper LokiUnited StatesWallops IslandUnited StatesNASA
NASASuborbitalAeronomy research14 AugustSuccessful
14 August
12:27
United StatesViperUnited StatesWallops IslandUnited StatesNASA
NASASuborbitalAeronomy research14 AugustSuccessful
14 August
21:53
United StatesViperUnited StatesWallops IslandUnited StatesNASA
NASASuborbitalAeronomy research14 AugustSuccessful
15 August
10:58
United StatesViperUnited StatesWallops IslandUnited StatesNASA
NASASuborbitalAeronomy research15 AugustSuccessful
15 August
20:25
United StatesSuper LokiUnited StatesWallops IslandUnited StatesNASA
NASASuborbitalAeronomy research15 AugustSuccessful

September

[edit]
2 September
07:00
United StatesTerrier-OrionAnna PlainsUnited StatesNASA
United StatesDUNDEE 1NASASuborbitalTarget2 SeptemberSuccessful
5 September
04:00
United StatesTerrier-OrionAnna PlainsUnited StatesNASA
United StatesDUNDEE 2NASASuborbitalTarget5 SeptemberSuccessful
10 September
02:00
United StatesTerrier-OrionAnna PlainsUnited StatesNASA
United StatesDUNDEE 3NASASuborbitalTarget10 SeptemberSuccessful
10 September
14:40
CanadaBlack Brant IXUnited StatesWhite SandsUnited StatesNASA
NASASuborbitalTest rocket10 SeptemberSuccessful
10 September
15:10
CanadaBlack Brant IXUnited StatesWhite SandsUnited StatesNASA
NASASuborbitalMicrogravity research10 SeptemberSuccessful
11 September
20:15
United StatesTerrier-OrionAnna PlainsUnited StatesNASA
United StatesDUNDEE 4NASASuborbitalTarget11 SeptemberSuccessful
17 September
08:01
United StatesLGM-118 PeacekeeperUnited StatesVandenberg LF-05United StatesUS Air Force
United States7 re-entry vehiclesUS Air ForceSuborbitalMissile test17 SeptemberSuccessful
19 September
13:00
CanadaBlack Brant IXUnited StatesWhite SandsUnited StatesNASA
NASASuborbitalIonosphere research19 SeptemberSuccessful
24 SeptemberUnited StatesStorm-2United StatesWhite Sands LC-32United StatesUS Air Force
United StatesMTTV-4US Air ForceSuborbitalTarget24 SeptemberSuccessful
25 September
00:30
JapanTR-1JapanTanegashima LA-TNASDA
NASDASuborbitalMicrogravity research25 SeptemberSuccessful
30 September
20:10
CanadaBlack Brant IXUnited StatesWhite Sands LC-36United StatesNASA
United StatesHRTS 10NASASuborbitalSolar research30 SeptemberSuccessful

October

[edit]
3 October
07:07
RussiaRT-2PM TopolRussiaPlesetsk Site 158RussiaRVSN
RVSNSuborbitalMissile test3 OctoberSuccessful
4 October
18:30
United StatesCastor-OrbusUnited StatesNevada Test Site LA-26United StatesSandia
SandiaSuborbitalTest rocket4 OctoberFailure
10 OctoberUnited StatesUGM-133 Trident IIUnited KingdomSubmarine, Eastern RangeUnited KingdomRoyal Navy
Royal NavySuborbitalMissile test10 OctoberSuccessful
10 OctoberUnited StatesUGM-133 Trident IIUnited KingdomSubmarine, Eastern RangeUnited KingdomRoyal Navy
Royal NavySuborbitalMissile test10 OctoberSuccessful
12 October
16:42
BrazilVS-30NorwayAndøyaBrazilINPE
GermanyAL-VS30-226DLRSuborbitalAeronomy research12 OctoberSuccessful
16 October
19:00
CanadaBlack Brant IXUnited StatesWhite SandsUnited StatesNASA
NASASuborbitalSolar research16 OctoberSuccessful

November

[edit]
5 November
20:02
United StatesTerrier-OrionNorwayAndøyaUnited StatesNASA
United StatesCombined Sodium and Sporadic LayersNASASuborbitalIonosphere research5 NovemberSuccessful
5 November
21:01
United StatesLGM-118 PeacekeeperUnited StatesVandenbergLF-02United StatesUS Air Force
United States8 re-entry vehiclesUS Air ForceSuborbitalMissile test5 NovemberSuccessful
14 November
05:00
CanadaBlack Brant IXUnited StatesWhite SandsUnited StatesNASA
United StatesSCARINASASuborbitalUltraviolet astronomy14 NovemberSuccessful
17 NovemberUnited StatesHeraUnited StatesFort Wingate LC-96United StatesUS Air Force
United StatesMTVUS Air ForceSuborbitalABM Target17 NovemberFailure
18 November
19:35
CanadaBlack Brant IXUnited StatesWhite Sands LC-36United StatesNASA
United StatesSERTS-97NASASuborbitalSolar observation18 NovemberSuccessful
19 NovemberRussiaRT-23RussiaNenoksaRussiaRVSN
Russian NavySuborbitalTest rocket19 NovemberFailure

December

[edit]
2 December
08:42
CanadaBlack Brant IXNorwaySvalRakUnited StatesNASA
NASASuborbitalPlasma research2 DecemberSuccessful
3 December
09:06
CanadaBlack Brant IXNorwaySvalRakUnited StatesNASA
NASASuborbitalPlasma research3 DecemberSuccessful
18 DecemberUnited StatesUGM-133 Trident IIUnited StatesSubmarine, Eastern RangeUnited StatesUS Navy
US NavySuborbitalMissile test18 DecemberSuccessful

Deep-space rendezvous

[edit]
Date (GMT)SpacecraftEventRemarks
20 FebruaryGalileo2nd flyby ofEuropa
5 AprilGalileo3rd flyby ofGanymede
7 MayGalileo4th flyby of Ganymede
25 JuneGalileo2nd flyby ofCallisto
27 JuneNEARFlyby of253 MathildeClosest approach: 1,200 kilometres (750 mi)
4 JulyMars PathfinderLanded onMarsLocation:Ares Vallis; firstMars rover and rover on another planet
11 SeptemberMars Global SurveyorAreocentric orbit injection
17 SeptemberGalileo3rd flyby of Callisto
6 NovemberGalileo3rd flyby of Europa
16 DecemberGalileo4th flyby of Europa

EVAs

[edit]
Start date/timeDurationEnd timeSpacecraftCrewFunctionRemarks
14 February
04:34
6 hours
42 minutes
11:16STS-82
Discovery
United StatesMark C. Lee
United StatesSteven Smith
Swapped out theGoddard High Resolution Spectrograph for theNear Infrared Camera and Multi-Object Spectrometer and replaced theFaint Object Spectrograph with theSpace Telescope Imaging Spectrograph. Stowed the GHRS and FOS for return to Earth in the payload bay.[31]Hubble Space Telescope servicing
15 February
03:25
7 hours
27 minutes
10:52STS-82
Discovery
United StatesGregory J. Harbaugh
United StatesJoseph R. Tanner
Replaced aFine Guidance Sensor and an Engineering and Science Tape Recorder with spare replacement units. Also installed the Optical Control Electronics Enhancement Kit.[32]Hubble Space Telescope servicing
16 February
02:53
7 hours
11 minutes
10:04STS-82
Discovery
United StatesMark C. Lee
United StatesSteven Smith
Replaced a Data Interface Unit with a spare unit and replaced a reel-to-reel tape drive Engineering and Science Tape Recorder with a solid-state digital version. Also replaced one of the four Reaction Wheel Assembly units that help point the telescope at targets.[33]Hubble Space Telescope servicing
17 February
03:45
6 hours
34 minutes
10:19STS-82
Discovery
United StatesGregory J. Harbaugh
United StatesJoseph R. Tanner
Replaced the Solar Array Drive Electronics package with a spare, also replaced the covers of the satellite's magnetometers. Installed thermal blankets over areas of degraded insulation.[34]Hubble Space Telescope servicing
18 February
03:15
5 hours
17 minutes
08:32STS-82
Discovery
United StatesMark C. Lee
United StatesSteven Smith
Installed more thermal insulation on three more areas that had undergone degradation.[35]Hubble Space Telescope servicing
29 April
05:10
4 hours
59 minutes
10:09MirEO-23
Kvant-2
RussiaVasily Tsibliyev
United StatesJerry M. Linenger
Installed the Optical Properties Monitor on the exterior ofKristall. Used the Strela crane to move to theKvant-2 module. AtKvant-2 they retrieved two American experiments, the Partial Impact Experiment and the Mir Sample Experiment, from theKvant-2 hull, and installed the Benton Radiation Dosimeter onKvant-2.[36]First use of the newOrlan-M space suit.
22 August
11:14
3 hours
16 minutes
14:30MirEO-24
Transfer compartmentofDOS-7
RussiaAnatoly Solovyev
RussiaPavel Vinogradov
Reconnected power cabling to theSpektr solar arrays, thus restoring part of the power lost in the collision. Although the spacewalkers were able to recover equipment and supplies from the module, they were not able to find the puncture hole.[37]Internal EVA to inspect the damagedSpektr module
6 September
01:07
6 hours07:07Mir EO-24
Kvant-2
RussiaAnatoly Solovyev
United Kingdom/United StatesMichael Foale
Solovyev rode the Strela crane operated by Foale on the base block toSpektr to inspect for damage. Although an extensive documentation and search ofSpektr, he was unable to find the hole. Before he returned to the airlock, Foale collected the radiation dosimeter installed outside earlier.[38]Foale became the first person to conduct EVAs in both American and Russian spacesuits.[39]
1 October
17:29
5 hours
1 minute
22:30STS-86
Mir Atlantis
United StatesScott E. Parazynski
RussiaVladimir Titov
Retrieved the four Mir Environmental Effects Packages from the docking module surface. Also installed the Solar Array Cap to the docking module, to be used to plug the hole in theSpektr module on a future EVA. To close out the EVA, the spacewalkers tested theSimplified Aid For EVA Rescue jet packs.[40]
20 October
09:40
6 hours
38 minutes
16:18Mir EO-24
Transfer compartmentof DOS-7
RussiaAnatoly Solovyev
RussiaPavel Vinogradov
Attempted to install three control cables between the solar array servo motors to the special adapter plate that sealsSpektr from the rest of Mir. After cleaning up some of the debris and loose items inSpektr, Solovyev was able to connect the three cables to the servos. But even after an effort that extended into the "emergency oxygen supply" of the Orlan space suits, Solovyev was only able to connect two of the cables to the adapter plate.[41]Internal EVA to repair the damagedSpektr module
3 November
03:32
6 hours
4 minutes
09:36Mir EO-24
Kvant-2
RussiaAnatoly Solovyev
RussiaPavel Vinogradov
Released a minispunik (mini-satellite) into orbit. The spacewalkers then dismantled the old solar panel MSB-4 onKvant-1. They stowed the panel on the outside of the base block.[42]
6 November
00:12
6 hours
12 minutes
06:24Mir EO-24
Kvant-2
RussiaAnatoly Solovyev
RussiaPavel Vinogradov
Installed a new solar array onKvant-1 to replace the panel removed on their previous spacewalk.[43]
25 November
00:02
7 hours
43 minutes
07:45STS-87
Columbia
United StatesWinston E. Scott
JapanTakao Doi
Captured the Spartan satellite by hand and secured it in the payload bay. Then the spacewalking team set up and tested a crane that will be used to construct theInternational Space Station.[44]Doi became the first Japanese spacewalker.
3 December
09:09
4 hours
59 minutes
14:09STS-87
Columbia
United StatesWinston E. Scott
JapanTakao Doi
Conducted more testing and evaluation of the crane in the payload bay. They repeated many of the same crane motion tests with smaller objects than in the earlier EVA. During the EVA a small free-flying video camera was deployed to record the work.[45]

References

[edit]
Generic references:

Spaceflight portal

Footnotes

[edit]
  1. ^Jonathan Corum (18 December 2015)."Mapping Saturn's Moons".The New York Times. Retrieved19 December 2015.
  2. ^"Thaicom 3". Archived fromthe original on 5 May 2009. Retrieved16 June 2009.
  3. ^"NOAA Deactivates GOES-10 after 12 Years of Tracking Storms". NOAA. 2 December 2009.Archived from the original on 7 December 2009. Retrieved3 December 2009.
  4. ^"IRIDIUM 8".N2YO.com.Archived from the original on 22 February 2019. Retrieved21 February 2019.
  5. ^"IRIDIUM 6".N2YO.com.Archived from the original on 22 February 2019. Retrieved21 February 2019.
  6. ^"IRIDIUM 12".N2YO.com.Archived from the original on 22 February 2019. Retrieved21 February 2019.
  7. ^"IRIDIUM 10".N2YO.com.Archived from the original on 22 February 2019. Retrieved21 February 2019.
  8. ^"IRIDIUM 13".N2YO.com.Archived from the original on 22 February 2019. Retrieved21 February 2019.
  9. ^"IRIDIUM 15".N2YO.com.Archived from the original on 22 February 2019. Retrieved21 February 2019.
  10. ^"IRIDIUM 18".N2YO.com.Archived from the original on 22 February 2019. Retrieved21 February 2019.
  11. ^"IRIDIUM 25".N2YO.com.Archived from the original on 22 February 2019. Retrieved21 February 2019.
  12. ^"IRIDIUM 46[24]".N2YO.com.Archived from the original on 31 August 2020. Retrieved21 July 2019.
  13. ^"IRIDIUM 23".N2YO.com.Archived from the original on 21 February 2019. Retrieved20 February 2019.
  14. ^"Lewis Spacecraft". ASTRONET. 23 June 1998.Archived from the original on 28 October 2009. Retrieved27 March 2010.
  15. ^Iannotta, Becky (11 February 2009)."U.S. Satellite Destroyed in Space Collision". Space.com.Archived from the original on 13 February 2009. Retrieved11 February 2009.
  16. ^"IRIDIUM 32".N2YO.com.Archived from the original on 31 August 2020. Retrieved21 July 2019.
  17. ^"IRIDIUM 30".N2YO.com.Archived from the original on 22 February 2019. Retrieved21 February 2019.
  18. ^"IRIDIUM 31".N2YO.com.Archived from the original on 22 February 2019. Retrieved21 February 2019.
  19. ^"IRIDIUM 19".N2YO.com.Archived from the original on 22 February 2019. Retrieved21 February 2019.
  20. ^"IRIDIUM 37".N2YO.com.Archived from the original on 22 February 2019. Retrieved21 February 2019.
  21. ^"IRIDIUM 35".N2YO.com.Archived from the original on 22 February 2019. Retrieved21 February 2019.
  22. ^"IRIDIUM 34".N2YO.com.Archived from the original on 22 February 2019. Retrieved21 February 2019.
  23. ^"IRIDIUM 43".N2YO.com.Archived from the original on 22 February 2019. Retrieved21 February 2019.
  24. ^"IRIDIUM 41".N2YO.com.Archived from the original on 22 February 2019. Retrieved21 February 2019.
  25. ^"IRIDIUM 40".N2YO.com.Archived from the original on 22 February 2019. Retrieved21 February 2019.
  26. ^"Rendezvous Docking Experiment Plan and Results".Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency. 16 September 1999. Archived fromthe original on 28 August 2007. Retrieved29 July 2008.
  27. ^"Rainfall Spacecraft Re-enters Over Tropics".NASA. 16 June 2015.Archived from the original on 17 June 2019. Retrieved21 February 2019.
  28. ^ab"ETS 7".N2YO.com.Archived from the original on 22 February 2019. Retrieved21 February 2019.
  29. ^"IRIDIUM 47".N2YO.com.Archived from the original on 22 February 2019. Retrieved21 February 2019.
  30. ^"IRIDIUM 49".N2YO.com.Archived from the original on 22 February 2019. Retrieved21 February 2019.
  31. ^Dumoulin, Jim (2001)."STS-82 Day 4 Highlights".NASA Space Shuttle Launch Archive. NASA.Archived from the original on 22 March 2009. Retrieved8 March 2009.
  32. ^Dumoulin, Jim (2001)."STS-82 Day 5 Highlights".NASA Space Shuttle Launch Archive. NASA.Archived from the original on 22 March 2009. Retrieved8 March 2009.
  33. ^Dumoulin, Jim (2001)."STS-82 Day 6 Highlights".NASA Space Shuttle Launch Archive. NASA.Archived from the original on 22 March 2009. Retrieved8 March 2009.
  34. ^Dumoulin, Jim (2001)."STS-82 Day 7 Highlights".NASA Space Shuttle Launch Archive. NASA.Archived from the original on 22 March 2009. Retrieved8 March 2009.
  35. ^Dumoulin, Jim (2001)."STS-82 Day 8 Highlights".NASA Space Shuttle Launch Archive. NASA.Archived from the original on 22 March 2009. Retrieved8 March 2009.
  36. ^van der Berg, Chris (29 April 1997)."MIRNEWS 29 APRIL 1997 (357)".MirNews. SpaceOnLine. Archived fromthe original on 8 October 2008. Retrieved8 March 2009.
  37. ^van der Berg, Chris (25 August 1997)."MIRNEWS 25AUGUST 1997 (380)".MirNews. SpaceOnLine. Archived fromthe original on 27 August 2008. Retrieved9 March 2009.
  38. ^van der Berg, Chris (6 September 1997)."MIRNEWS.382".MirNews. SpaceOnLine. Archived fromthe original on 27 August 2008. Retrieved9 March 2009.
  39. ^Foale, Colin (1999).Waystation to The Stars. London: Headline Book Publishing. p. 235.ISBN 0-7472-7380-4.
  40. ^Dumoulin, Jim."STS-86 Day 7 Highlights".NASA Space Shuttle Launch Archive. NASA.Archived from the original on 21 March 2009. Retrieved9 March 2009.
  41. ^van der Berg, Chris (22 October 1997)."MIRNEWS.391 22 OCTOBER 1997 (391)".MirNews. SpaceOnLine. Archived fromthe original on 27 August 2008. Retrieved9 March 2009.
  42. ^van der Berg, Chris (3 November 1997)."MIRNEWS 3 NOVEMBER 1997 (393)".MirNews. SpaceOnLine. Archived fromthe original on 27 August 2008. Retrieved10 March 2009.
  43. ^van der Berg, Chris (6 November 1997)."MIRNEWS 6 NOVEMBER 1997 (394)".MirNews. SpaceOnLine. Archived fromthe original on 27 August 2008. Retrieved10 March 2009.
  44. ^Dumoulin, Jim (25 November 1997)."STS-87 Day 7 Highlights".NASA Space Shuttle Launch Archive. NASA.Archived from the original on 21 March 2009. Retrieved10 March 2009.
  45. ^Dumoulin, Jim (3 December 1997)."STS-87 Day 15 Highlights".NASA Space Shuttle Launch Archive. NASA.Archived from the original on 21 March 2009. Retrieved10 March 2009.
1950s
1960s
1970s
1980s
1990s
2000s
2010s
2020s
2030s
 
Payloads are separated by bullets ( · ), launches by pipes ( | ). Crewed flights are indicated inunderline. Uncatalogued launch failures are listed initalics. Payloads deployed from other spacecraft are denoted in (brackets).
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1997_in_spaceflight&oldid=1323231460"
Categories:
Hidden categories:

[8]ページ先頭

©2009-2025 Movatter.jp