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1992 United States House of Representatives elections

← 1990 November 3, 1992 1994 →
All 435 seats in theUnited States House of Representatives 218 seats needed for a majority
Majority party Minority party   Leader Tom Foley Bob Michel Party Democratic Republican Leader since June 6, 1989 January 3, 1981 Leader's seat Washington 5th Illinois 18th Last election 267 seats 167 seats Seats won 258 176 Seat change 9 9 Popular vote 48,654,189 43,812,063 Percentage 50.1% 45.1% Swing 2.0pp 0.8pp   Third party   Party Independent Last election 1 seat Seats won 1 Seat change Popular vote 1,255,726 Percentage 1.3%
Results:      Democratic hold     Democratic gain      Republican hold     Republican gain      Independent hold
Speaker before election Tom Foley Democratic ElectedSpeaker Tom Foley Democratic

The1992 United States House of Representatives elections were held on November 3, 1992, to electU.S. Representatives to serve in the103rd United States Congress. They coincided with the1992 presidential election, in whichDemocratBill Clinton was electedpresident, defeatingRepublican incumbent PresidentGeorge H. W. Bush.

Despite this, however, the Democrats lost a net of nine seats in the House to the Republicans, in part due toredistricting following the1990 census. This election was the first to use districts drawn up during the1990 United States redistricting cycle on the basis of the 1990 census. The redrawn districts were notable for the increase in majority-minority districts, drawn as mandated by theVoting Rights Act. The1980 census resulted in 17 majority-black districts and 10 majority-Hispanic districts, but 32 and 19 such districts, respectively, were drawn after 1990.^[1]

This was the first time ever that the victorious presidential party lost seats in the House in two consecutive elections. As of 2022^[update], this is the last congressional election in which Republicans won a House seat inRhode Island, and the last time the Democrats won the House for more than two consecutive elections.

368 incumbent members sought reelection, but 20 were defeated in primaries and 23 defeated in the general election for a total of 325 incumbents winning.^[2] 46 representatives involved in theHouse banking scandal had over 100 overdrafts. 12 did not seek reelection, 8 were defeated in primaries, and 5 were defeated in the general election^[3]

Party		Seats			Share	Popular vote
		Last election (1990)	This election	Net change
	Democratic Party	267	258	9	59.3%	50.1%	48,654,189
	Republican Party	167	176	9	40.5%	45.1%	43,812,063
	Independent	1	1		0.2%	1.3%	1,255,726
	Libertarian Party	0	0		0.0%	0.9%	848,614
	Peace and Freedom Party	0	0		0.0%	0.3%	267,827
	Green Party	0	0		0.0%	0.1%	134,072
	Natural Law Party	0	0		0.0%	0.1%	100,782
	Right to Life Party	0	0		0.0%	0.1%	93,452
	Conservative Party	0	0		0.0%	0.1%	74,387
	A Connecticut Party	0	0		0.0%	0.1%	65,701
	Others	0	0		0.0%	1.9%	1,891,503
Totals		435	435		100.0%	100.0%	97,198,316

Source:Election Statistics - Office of the Clerk

65 members did not seek re-election: 41 Democrats and 24 Republicans.

1. Alabama 7:Claude Harris Jr. retired.
2. California 6:Barbara Boxer retiredto run for U.S. Senator.
3. California 30:Edward R. Roybal retired.
4. California 36:Mel Levine retiredto run for U.S. Senator.
5. California 37:Mervyn Dymally retired.
6. California 38:Glenn M. Anderson retired.
7. Colorado 3:Ben Nighthorse Campbell retiredto run for U.S. Senator.
8. Delaware at-large:Tom Carper retiredto run for governor.
9. Florida 3:Charles E. Bennett retired.
10. Florida 16:Lawrence J. Smith retired.
11. Florida 17:William Lehman retired.
12. Florida 19:Dante Fascell retired.
13. Georgia 1:Lindsay Thomas retired.
14. Georgia 9:Ed Jenkins retired.
15. Georgia 10:Doug Barnard Jr. retired.
16. Idaho 2:Richard H. Stallings retiredto run for U.S. Senator.
17. Illinois 5:Frank Annunzio retired.
18. Kentucky 7:Chris Perkins retired.
19. Massachusetts 9:Brian J. Donnelly retired.
20. Michigan 5:J. Bob Traxler retired.
21. Michigan 8:Howard Wolpe retired.
22. Michigan 12:Dennis Hertel retired.
23. New Jersey 6:Bernard J. Dwyer retired.
24. New Jersey 8:Robert A. Roe retired
25. New Jersey 14:Frank J. Guarini retired.
26. New York 3:Robert J. Mrazek retiredto run for U.S. Senator.
27. New York 8:James H. Scheuer retired.
28. New York 28:Matthew F. McHugh retired.
29. New York 33:Henry J. Nowak retired.
30. North Dakota at-large:Byron Dorgan retiredto run for U.S. Senator.
31. Ohio 1:Charlie Luken retired.
32. Ohio 11:Dennis E. Eckart retired.
33. Ohio 13:Don Pease retired.
34. Ohio 19:Ed Feighan retired.
35. Oregon 1:Les AuCoin retiredto run for U.S. Senator.
36. Pennsylvania 6:Gus Yatron retired.
37. Pennsylvania 20:Joseph M. Gaydos retired.
38. South Carolina 6:Robin Tallon retired.
39. Utah 2:Wayne Owens retiredto run for U.S. Senator.
40. Virginia 6:Jim Olin retired.
41. Wisconsin 5:Jim Moody retiredto run for U.S. Senator.

1. Alabama 2:William L. Dickinson retired.
2. Arkansas 3:John Paul Hammerschmidt retired.
3. California 14:Tom Campbell retiredto run for U.S. Senator.
4. California 39:William Dannemeyer retiredto run for U.S. Senator.
5. California 41:Bill Lowery retired.
6. Florida 4:Craig James retired.
7. Florida 10:Andy Ireland retired.
8. Kentucky 6:Larry J. Hopkins retired.
9. Michigan 1:Bob Davis retired.
10. Michigan 7:Carl Pursell retired.
11. Michigan 11:William Broomfield retired.
12. Minnesota 2:Vin Weber retired.
13. New Jersey 7:Matthew J. Rinaldo retired.
14. New York 4:Norman F. Lent retired.
15. New York 5:Raymond J. McGrath retired.
16. New York 26:David O'Brien Martin retired.
17. New York 29:Frank Horton retired.
18. Ohio 15:Chalmers Wylie retired.
19. Pennsylvania 5:Dick Schulze retired.
20. Pennsylvania 13:Lawrence Coughlin retired.
21. Virginia 7:George Allen retiredto run Governor of Virginia.
22. Washington 1:John Miller retired.
23. Washington 4:Sid Morrison retiredto run for Governor of Washington.
24. Washington 8:Rod Chandler retiredto run for U.S. Senator.

Three seats were left vacant on the day of the general election due to resignations or death in 1992, two of which were not filled until the next Congress.

Two Democrats died in office

• New York 17:Ted Weiss died on September 14, 1992.
• North Carolina 1:Walter B. Jones Sr. died on September 15, 1992.

One popular democrat resigned before the end of their term.

• Puerto Rico at-large:Jaime Fuster resigned March 4, 1992 to become Justice of the Supreme Court of Puerto Rico.

Fourteen Democrats lost renomination.

• Arkansas 1.Bill Alexander lost renomination toBlanche Lincoln, who won the general election.
• Arkansas 4.Beryl Anthony Jr. lost renomination to Bill McCuen, who lost the general election toJay Dickey.
• Georgia 2.Charles Hatcher lost renomination toSanford Bishop, who won the general election.
• Georgia 10.Ben Jones lost renomination toDon Johnson Jr., who won the general election.
• Illinois 1.Charles Hayes lost renomination toBobby Rush, who won the general election.
• Illinois 2.Gus Savage lost renomination toMel Reynolds, who won the general election.
• Illinois 3.Marty Russo lost a redistricting race to fellow incumbentBill Lipinski, who won the general election.
• Illinois 19.Terry L. Bruce lost a redistricting race to fellow incumbentGlenn Poshard, who won the general election.
• Kentucky 1.Carroll Hubbard lost renomination toThomas Barlow, who won the general election.
• Maryland 6.Beverly Byron lost renomination toThomas Hattery, who lost the general election toRoscoe Bartlett.
• Massachusetts 5.Chester G. Atkins lost renomination toMarty Meehan, who won the general election.
• New York 12.Stephen Solarz lost renomination toNydia Velázquez, who won the general election.
• Pennsylvania 4.Joseph P. Kolter lost renomination toRon Klink, who won the general election.
• West Virginia 1.Harley O. Staggers Jr. lost a redistricting race toAlan Mollohan, who won the general election.

Five Republicans lost renomination.

• California 22.Robert Lagomarsino lost renomination toMichael Huffington, who won the general election.
• Kansas 4.Dick Nichols lost renomination to Eric R. Yost, who lost the general election toDan Glickman.
• Michigan 2.Guy Vander Jagt lost renomination toPete Hoekstra, who won the general election.
• Ohio 6.Clarence E. Miller lost a redistricting race to fellow incumbentBob McEwen, who lost the general election toTed Strickland.
• Oklahoma 5.Mickey Edwards lost renomination toErnest Istook, who won the general election.

Sixteen Democrats lost re-election to Republicans.

• Alabama 6.Ben Erdreich (first elected in 1982) lost re-election toSpencer Bachus.
• Georgia 3.Richard Ray (first elected in 1982) lost re-election toMac Collins.
• Illinois 16.John W. Cox Jr.(first elected in 1986) lost re-election toDan Manzullo.
• Indiana 5.Jim Jontz (first elected in 1986) lost re-election toSteve Buyer.
• Iowa 2.David R. Nagle (first elected in 1986) lost a redistricting race toJim Nussle.
• Louisiana 5.Jerry Huckaby (first elected in 1976) lost a redistricting race toJim McCrery.
• Maryland 1.Tom McMillen (first elected in 1986) lost a redistricting race toWayne Gilchrest.
• Massachusetts 3.Joseph D. Early (first elected in 1974) lost re-election toPeter Blute.
• Massachusetts 6.Nicholas Mavroules (first elected in 1978) lost re-election toPeter G. Torkildsen.
• Minnesota 6.Gerry Sikorski (first elected in 1982) lost re-election toRod Grams.
• Missouri 2.Joan Kelly Horn (first elected in 1990) lost re-election toJim Talent.
• New York 2.Thomas Downey (first elected in 1974) lost re-election toRick Lazio.
• Ohio 10.Mary Rose Oakar (first elected in 1976) lost re-election toMartin Hoke.
• Pennsylvania 8.Peter H. Kostmayer (first elected in 1976, and then re-elected in 1982 after losing in 1980) lost re-election toJim Greenwood.
• South Carolina 4.Liz J. Patterson (first elected in 1982) lost re-election toBob Inglis.
• Texas 23.Albert Bustamante (first elected in 1984) lost re-election toHenry Bonilla.

Eight Republicans lost re-election to Democrats.

• Arizona 1.Jay Rhodes (first elected in 1986) lost re-election toSam Coppersmith.
• California 1.Frank Riggs (first elected in 1990) lost re-election toDaniel Hamburg.
• Guam at-large.Ben Blaz (first elected in 1986) lost re-election toRobert A. Underwood.
• Missouri 6.Tom Coleman (first elected in 1976) lost re-election toPat Danner.
• Montana at-large.Ron Marlenee (first elected in 1976) lost a redistricting race toPat Williams.
• New York 14.Bill Green (first elected in 1980) lost re-election toCarolyn Maloney.
• Ohio 8.Bob McEwen (first elected in 1982) lost a redistricting race toTed Strickland.
• Pennsylvania 15.Donald L. Ritter (first elected in 1978) lost re-election toPaul McHale.

One Republican lost re-election to a Republican.

• Louisiana 6.Clyde C. Holloway (first elected in 1986) lost a redistricting race toRichard Baker.

One Popular Democrat lost re-election to a New Progressive.

• Puerto Rico at-large.Antonio Colorado (first elected in 1992) lost re-election toCarlos Romero Barceló.

The1990 United States census determined how many of the 435 congressional districts each state receives for the 1990 redistricting cycle. Due to population shifts, New York lost three seats; Illinois, Michigan, Ohio, and Pennsylvania lost two seats; Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Massachusetts, Montana, New Jersey, and West Virginia lost one seat; Arizona, Georgia, North Carolina, Virginia, Washington gained one seat; Texas gained three seats; Florida gained four seats; California gained seven seats.^[4]

The following districts had multiple incumbent representatives running, a product of multiple districts merging in redistricting.

1. Illinois 3:Bill Lipinski (D) defeatedMarty Russo (D).
2. Illinois 19:Glenn Poshard (D) defeatedTerry L. Bruce (D).
3. Iowa 2:Jim Nussle (R) defeatedDavid R. Nagle (D).
4. Louisiana 5:Richard Baker (R) defeatedClyde C. Holloway (R).
5. Maryland 1:Wayne Gilchrest (R) defeatedTom McMillen (D).
6. Montana at-large:Ron Marlenee (R) defeatedPat Williams (D).

Of the 435 districts created in the 1990 redistricting, twenty-seven had no incumbent representative.

Eighty-three races were decided by 10% or lower.

The delegation increased from 45 to 52 seats. To create the seven-seat net gain, eight seats were added, designated as: the10th,11th,25th,33rd,41st,43rd,49th, and50th districts, and one seat was lost through the merger of two seats: the former41st and44th districts merged into the redesignated51st district, in an election contest.

Four seats were added by reapportionment.

Illinois lost two seats due to reapportionment.

One seat was lost due to reapportionment.

One seat was lost due to reapportionment.

One seat lost to reapportionment. Four Incumbents were squeezed into two districts and one new majority-black district was created.Livingston, Jefferson, Tauzin and Hayes were re-elected with majorities in their Oct. 3 jungle primaries.