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| 198th Airlift Squadron | |
|---|---|
 Lockheed C-130E-LM Hercules 64-0515 from the 198th Airlift Squadron, 156th Airlift Wing, Puerto Rico Air National Guard (2009) | |
| Active | 1944 – 2019 |
| Disbanded | 31 December 2019 |
| Country |  United States |
| Allegiance |  Puerto Rico |
| Branch |  Air National Guard |
| Type | Squadron |
| Role | Airlift |
| Part of | Puerto Rico Air National Guard |
| Garrison/HQ | Muñiz Air National Guard Base,Carolina, Puerto Rico |
| Nickname | Bucaneros |
| Tail Code | "PR" |
| Commanders | |
| Notable commanders | Lt Col Evaristo "CJ" Orengo |
| Insignia | |
| 198th Airlift Squadron emblem |  |
The198th Airlift Squadron (198 AS) was the last flying squadron of thePuerto Rico Air National Guard (PRANG)156th Airlift Wing located atMuñiz Air National Guard Base, inCarolina, Puerto Rico. The 198th last assigned aircraft was theWC-130H Hercules. The 198th was established in October 1944 as the 463d Fighter Squadron, was re-designated as the 198th and allotted to the PRANG in May 1946, redesignated from fighter to airlift in October 1998, and was inactivated on 31 December 2019.
Established in late 1944 at Peterson Field, Colorado as the 463d Fighter Squadron. Trained underXXII Bomber Command as a Very Long RangeP-47N Thunderbolt bomber escort squadron, programmed forB-29 Superfortress escort duty from Okinawa. For four months they received combat training for long-range escort, strafing, and dive-bombing. Training delayed due to P-47N aircraft non-availability, finally equipped in the late spring of 1945 with the long-distance fighters.
Deployed to Okinawa in June 1945 as part of the507th Fighter Group and prepared for the invasion of Japan along with the 413th and 414th Fighter Groups, all equipped with P-47N. On 1 July 1945 it began flying airstrikes fromIe Shima, targeting enemy ships, railroad bridges, airfields, factories, and barracks in Japan, Korea, and China. On 8 August 1945 the group escorted B-29 bombers on a raid, shooting down several Japanese fighters.
The squadron flew some long distance fighter-bomber sweeps over Japanese Home Islands 1 July 1945 – 14 August 1945 but never performed operational B-29 escort missions due to the end of the war in August.
Remained in Okinawa until inactivated in May 1946.
The wartime 463d Fighter Squadron was re-designated as the198th Fighter Squadron, and was allotted to thePuerto Rico Air National Guard, on 24 May 1946. It was organized atIsla Grande Airport, San Juan, Puerto Rico, and was extended federal recognition on 23 November 1947 by the National Guard Bureau. The 164th Fighter Squadron was bestowed the lineage, history, honors, and colors of the 463d Fighter Squadron. The squadron was equipped with F-47N Thunderbolts and was assigned to the Puerto Rico Air National Guard, operationally gained byFourteenth Air Force,Air Defense Command.
The mission of the 198th Fighter Squadron was the air defense ofPuerto Rico. The short runways ofIsla Grande Airport at the time did not allow safe jet operations. The squadron was forced to move its aircraft to the runways at the still under-construction San Juan International Airport maintaining the rest of its organization at Isla Grande Airport. The 198th was upgraded toF-86D day/night/all-weather Sabre Interceptors.
On 15 October 1962, the Puerto Rico Air National Guard was expanded to a Group status, and the156th Tactical Fighter Group was recognized and activated by theNational Guard Bureau. The 156th was transferred toTactical Air Command, with the 198th becoming at Tactical Fighter Squadron and assigned to the 156th TFG. Other squadrons assigned into the group were the 156th Headquarters, 156th Material Squadron (Maintenance), 156th Combat Support Squadron, and the 156th USAF Dispensary. With the transfer to TAC, the 198th received F-86H Sabre tactical fighters.
In 1967,F-104C Starfighers (and an F-104D two-seat trainer) were assigned to the 156th, upgrading the group to Mach-2 supersonic tactical fighter-bombers, replacing the elderly F-86H Sabre fighter-bombers. The F-104C was equipped to carry bombs or rocket pods on under-wing and fuselage points. The upward-firing Lockheed C-2 rocket-boosted ejector seat was standard. The internal 20-mm rotary cannon of the F-104A was retained, as well as the ability to carry anAIM-9 Sidewinderair-to-air missile on each wingtip to fill an air defense interceptor mission.
In 1975, the F-104s were retired, the 198th being the last USAF unit to fly the Starfighters. They were replaced byA-7D Corsair II ground support aircraft. Although designed primarily as a ground attack aircraft, it also had limited air-to-air combat capability.
In the morning of January 12, 1981, a group of eleven commandos, seven guards and four explosive specialists, set explosives atMuñiz Air National Guard Base, located on the northeastern corner of theLuis Muñoz Marín International Airport in San Juan.[1] The ensuing explosion destroyed nine aircraft (several operationalA-7 Corsair II light attack aircraft and a singleLockheed F-104 Starfighter supersonic fighter-interceptor aircraft being retained for a static display) and two trucks and damaged two ships on loan from the U.S. Air Force, with the authors leaving a machete behind.[2] The destruction of the military equipment ascended to $45–50 million USD.[2]
The attack was the largest on an American Air Force Base since theVietnam War. Thehostage situation in Iran at the time overshadowed this incident in the news media. The eleven National Guard planes at Muñiz Air Base were alleged by socialist organizations to be destined for use againstpopular insurgents in El Salvador.[3] These allegations were never proven and may have been self-serving.
In 1992 the A-7Ds were being retired, and they were replaced byBlock 15 F-16A/B Fighting Falcons modified for Air Defense. The F-16 ADF was a standard block 15 model converted to air defense fighters for the Air National Guard, and would take over the fighter interception mission, providing the primary defense of North America against bombers and cruise missiles.
In March 1992, with the end of theCold War, the 156th adopted the Air Force Objective Organization plan, and the unit was re-designated as the 156th Fighter Group. A few months later, on 1 June, Tactical Air Command was inactivated as part of the Air Force reorganization after the end of the Cold War. It was replaced byAir Combat Command (ACC).
In October 1995, in accordance with the Air Force "One Base – One Wing" policy, the status of the 156th was upgraded to a Wing; the 198th Fighter Squadron being assigned to the new 156th Operations Group.
In 1998, the Department of the Air Force issued the official order designating the 156th Fighter Wing as 156th Airlift Wing. The 156th was transferred to Air Mobility Command, being re-designated as the 156th Airlift Wing.
Beginning in June 1999, the major mission for the Wing became support of Operation Coronet Oak, which was transferred fromHoward AFB, Panama when the base was closed as part of the turnover of thePanama Canal.
The mission also includes any other kind of contingency and logistics support. Aircrews provide theater mobility, embassy support and airdrops. They also fly people, food and mail.
The 198th Airlift Squadron was officially divested on 31 December 2019. The 156th Airlift Wing newly assigned mission will be to support Contingency Response (CRG) and to add a Combat Communications Squadron to its current Operations Group. The other groups within the wing structure remained the same. An official ceremony to inactivate the squadron will follow.
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This article incorporatespublic domain material from the Air Force Historical Research Agency
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