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1987 West German federal election

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1987 West German federal election

← 1983

25 January 1987 (1987-01-25)

1990
(reunification) →

← outgoing members

elected members →

All 497 seats in theBundestag^[a]
249 seats needed for a majority

Registered

45,327,982 Increase

2.8%

Turnout

38,225,294 (84.3%) Decrease

4.8pp

	First party	Second party

Candidate	Helmut Kohl	Johannes Rau
Party	CDU/CSU	SPD
Last election	48.8%, 244 seats	38.2%, 193 seats
Seats won	223^[b]	186^[c]
Seat change	21	7
Popular vote	16,761,572	14,025,763
Percentage	44.3%	37.0%
Swing	4.5pp	1.2pp

	Third party	Fourth party

Candidate	Martin Bangemann	Petra Kelly
Party	FDP	Greens
Last election	6.9%, 34 seats	5.6%, 27 seats
Seats won	46^[d]	42^[e]
Seat change	12	15
Popular vote	3,440,911	3,126,256
Percentage	9.1%	8.3%
Swing	2.2pp	2.7pp

The left side shows constituency winners of the election by their party colours. The right side shows party list winners of the election for the additional members by their party colours.

Government before election

Second Kohl cabinet
CDU/CSU–FDP

Government after election

Third Kohl cabinet
CDU/CSU–FDP

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Federal elections were held in West Germany on 25 January 1987 to elect the members of the 11thBundestag.^[1] This was the last federal election held in West Germany beforeGerman reunification.

Issues and campaign

This sectionneeds additional citations forverification. Please helpimprove this article byadding citations to reliable sources in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.(September 2021) (Learn how and when to remove this message)

The SPD nominatedJohannes Rau, their vice chairman and the Minister-President ofNorth Rhine-Westphalia, as their candidate for Chancellor. However, the SPD suffered from internal divisions and competition with the Greens.^{[citation needed]} It was also unclear as to how they would form a government, as the Greens were divided over whether to take part in governments.^{[citation needed]}

One of the major issues in this election was the environment, after theChernobyl disaster and other accidents.^{[citation needed]}

Results



Party		Party-list			Constituency			Seats
Party		Votes	%	Seats	Votes	%	Seats	Elected	West Berlin	Total	+/–
	Social Democratic Party	14,025,763	37.04	107	14,787,953	39.18	79	186	7	193	–9
	Christian Democratic Union	13,045,745	34.45	50	14,168,527	37.54	124	174	11	185	–17
	Christian Social Union	3,715,827	9.81	4	3,859,244	10.23	45	49	0	49	–4
	Free Democratic Party	3,440,911	9.09	46	1,760,496	4.66	0	46	2	48	+13
	The Greens	3,126,256	8.26	42	2,649,459	7.02	0	42	2	44	+16
	National Democratic Party	227,054	0.60	0	182,880	0.48	0	0	0	0	0
	Ecological Democratic Party	109,152	0.29	0	40,765	0.11	0	0	0	0	0
	The Women	62,904	0.17	0				0	0	0	New
	Bavaria Party	26,367	0.07	0	8,024	0.02	0	0	0	0	0
	Responsible Citizens	24,630	0.07	0	611	0.00	0	0	0	0	New
	Patriots for Germany	22,732	0.06	0	27,352	0.07	0	0	0	0	New
	Centre Party	19,035	0.05	0	4,020	0.01	0	0	0	0	New
	Marxist–Leninist Party of Germany	13,422	0.04	0	596	0.00	0	0	0	0	New
	Christian Bavarian People's Party	5,282	0.01	0	741	0.00	0	0	0	0	0
	All Social Insurants and Pensioners	1,834	0.00	0	3,151	0.01	0	0	0	0	New
	Free German Workers' Party	405	0.00	0	349	0.00	0	0	0	0	New
	Humanist Party				788	0.00	0	0	0	0	New
	Solidarity				754	0.00	0	0	0	0	New
	Independent Workers' Party				352	0.00	0	0	0	0	New
	Family Party				130	0.00	0	0	0	0	New
	Free Social Union				110	0.00	0	0	0	0	New
	Independents and voter groups				246,511	0.65	0	0	0	0	0
Total		37,867,319	100.00	249	37,742,813	100.00	248	497	22	519	–1

Valid votes		37,867,319	99.06		37,742,813	98.74
Invalid/blank votes		357,975	0.94		482,481	1.26
Total votes		38,225,294	100.00		38,225,294	100.00
Registered voters/turnout		45,327,982	84.33		45,327,982	84.33
Source:Bundeswahlleiter

Results by state

Constituency seats

State	Total seats	Seats won
		CDU	SPD	CSU

Baden-Württemberg	37	36	1
Bavaria	45			45
Bremen	3		3
Hamburg	7	2	5
Hesse	22	14	8
Lower Saxony	31	18	13
North Rhine-Westphalia	71	33	38
Rhineland-Palatinate	16	11	5
Saarland	5	2	3
Schleswig-Holstein	11	8	3
Total	248	124	79	45

List seats

State	Total seats	Seats won
		SPD	CDU	FDP	Grüne	CSU

Baden-Württemberg	37	21		9	7
Bavaria	42	24		7	7	4
Bremen	4		2	1	1
Hamburg	7	1	3	1	2
Hesse	23	10	5	4	4
Lower Saxony	32	13	8	6	5
North Rhine-Westphalia	72	24	25	12	11
Rhineland-Palatinate	16	7	4	3	2
Saarland	5	1	2	1	1
Schleswig-Holstein	11	6	1	2	2
Total	249	107	50	46	42	4

Aftermath

The coalition between the CDU/CSU and the FDP returned to government, withHelmut Kohl asChancellor. The Greens came into parliament for the second time and seemed to be established on federal level.

Co-option of East German Volkskammer after reunification

Co-optation of Volkskammer members into the Bundestag

← 1987

3 October 1990 (1990-10-03)

1990 →

All 641 seats in theBundestag
321 seats needed for a majority

	Leader	Seats	+/–
CDU	Helmut Kohl	248	+63
CSU	Theodor Waigel	49	0
SPD	Hans-Jochen Vogel	226	+40
FDP	Otto Graf Lambsdorff	57	+11
Greens	Petra Kelly	51	+9
PDS	Gregor Gysi	23	New
DSU	Hansjoachim Walther	8	New
United Left	Thomas Klein	1	New

This lists parties that won seats. See the complete results below.

Government before	Government after election
Third Kohl cabinet CDU/CSU–FDP	Third Kohl cabinet CDU/CSU–FDP–DSU

In order to determine the composition of the East German representatives in theBundestag betweenGerman reunification and thefirst post-reunification elections in December 1990, the results of the1990 East German general election were recounted, using thenew states of Germany as constituencies. This was possible since the original election results were declared on the Kreis level, and the states were re-established by simply amalgamating Kreise together. The results in each Kreis forming a state were summed up to determine the statewide result. The recount fixed the number of Volkskammer members from each party who would be co-opted into the Bundestag elected in 1987.^[2] The 22 Non-voting representatives of West Berlin already became full voting members on 8 June 1990, in advance of unification.

Co-optation results

Seats

State		Total seats	Seats won
			CDU	SPD	PDS	FDP	DSU	B90/G	VL

Brandenburg		22	8	7	4	1	1	1
Berlin	Total	33	13	11	2	3		1	1
	East	11	2	4	2	1		1	1
	West	22	11	7		2		2
Mecklenburg-Vorpommern		17	7	4	4	1		1
Saxony		43	20	7	6	3	5	2
Saxony-Anhalt		27	12	7	4	2	1	1
Thuringia		24	14	4	3	1	1	1
Total (East Germany Only)		144	63	33	23	9	8	7	1
Total (Including West Berlin)		166	74	40	23	11	8	9	1

Notes

Wikimedia Commons has media related to1987 Germany Bundestagswahl.

^As well as 22non-voting delegates for West Berlin, elected by the West Berlin Legislature.
^As well as 11non-voting delegates for West Berlin.
^As well as 7non-voting delegates for West Berlin.
^As well as 2non-voting delegates for West Berlin.
^As well as 2non-voting delegates for West Berlin.

References

^Pulzer, Peter (1987)."The west German federal election of 25 January 1987".Electoral Studies.6 (2):149–154.doi:10.1016/0261-3794(87)90022-9.ISSN 0261-3794.
^Mandatsverteilung der ehemaligen Volkskammerabgeordneten im XI. Bundestag am 03.10.1990 Archived 2022-10-03 at theWayback Machine Wahlen in Deutschland

Sources

v t e Elections and referendums in Germany
Parliamentary elections	1848 1867 (Feb) 1867 (Aug) 1868 1871 1874 1877 1878 1881 1884 1887 1890 1893 1898 1903 1907 1912 1919 1920 1924 (May) 1924 (Dec) 1928 1930 1932 (July) 1932 (Nov) 1933 (Mar) 1933 (Nov) 1936 1938 1949 1953 1957 1961 1965 1969 1972 1976 1980 1983 1987 1990 1994 1998 2002 2005 2009 2013 2017 2021 2025 Next
Presidential elections	1925 1932
European elections	1979 1984 1989 1994 1999 2004 2009 2014 2019 2024
Referendums	1926 1929 1933 1934 1936 1938
See also: Elections and referendums inBaden-Württemberg Bavaria Berlin Brandenburg Bremen Hamburg Hesse Lower Saxony Mecklenburg-Vorpommern North Rhine-Westphalia Rhineland-Palatinate Saarland Saxony Saxony-Anhalt Schleswig-Holstein Thuringia Former:East Germany Free State of Prussia East Prussia

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