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1964 .
1964 (MCMLXIV ) was aleap year starting on Wednesday of theGregorian calendar , the 1964th year of theCommon Era (CE) andAnno Domini 2nd millennium , the 64th year of the20th century , and the 5th year of the1960s decade.
Calendar year
January 8 : U.S. PresidentLyndon B. Johnson 'swar on poverty February 4 – TheGovernment of the United States authorizes theTwenty-fourth Amendment to the United States Constitution , outlawing thepoll tax .[ 6] February 5 – India backs out of its promise to hold aplebiscite in the disputed territory of Kashmir. In 1948, India had taken the issue of Kashmirto the United Nations Security Council and offered to hold a plebiscite in the held Kashmir under UN supervision.February 9 –The Beatles perform for the first time for an American audience onThe Ed Sullivan Show to a record television audience of 73 million people, launchingBeatlemania in the United States, as part ofThe British Invasion .February 10 –Melbourne –Voyager collisionRoyal Australian Navy aircraft carrier and a destroyer collide off New South Wales, Australia.[ 7] February 11 Greeks and Turks begin fighting inLimassol ,Cyprus .[ 8] TheRepublic of China severs diplomatic relations with France because of French recognition of the People's Republic of China. February 17 – Gabonese presidentLéon M'ba is toppled bya military coup and his arch-rival,Jean-Hilaire Aubame , is installed in his place. However, French intervention restores M'ba's government the next day.[ 9] February 25 –Cassius Clay (laterMuhammad Ali ) beatsSonny Liston inMiami Beach, Florida , and iscrowned the heavyweight champion of the world .[ 10] February 27 – The Italian government asks for help to keep theLeaning Tower of Pisa from toppling over.[ 11] March 6 March 18 –1964 Moscow protest : Approximately 50 Moroccan students break into the embassy of Morocco in the Soviet Union and stage an all-daysit-in protesting against sentencing of eleven people to death for the alleged assassination attempt of KingHassan II of Morocco .March 20 –June 6 – The firstUnited Nations Conference on Trade and Development takes place.March 20 – The precursor of theEuropean Space Agency ,ESRO (European Space Research Organization) is established per an agreement signed on June 14, 1962.March 21 –Non ho l'età (music byNicola Salerno , text byMario Panzeri ), sung byGigliola Cinquetti , wins theEurovision Song Contest 1964 (staged in Copenhagen) for Italy.March 27 (Good Friday ) – TheGreat Alaskan earthquake , the second-most powerful known (and the most powerful earthquake recorded inNorth American history) at amagnitude of 9.2, strikesSouthcentral Alaska , killing 125 people and inflicting massive damage to the city ofAnchorage .[ 14] March 28 – KingSaud of Saudi Arabia abdicates.[ 15] Prince Faisal , does not officially assume the throne until November.March 31 – The military overthrowsBrazilian President João Goulart in acoup , starting 21 years ofdictatorship in Brazil, lasting until1985 .April 8: Gemini 1 launched April 8 – The U.S.Gemini 1 is launched, the first unmanned test of the 2-man spacecraft.[ 16] April 9 – TheUnited Nations Security Council adopts by a 9–0 vote a resolution deploring a British air attack on a fort inYemen 12 days earlier, in which 25 persons were reported killed.April 11 – The Brazilian Congress elects Field MarshalHumberto de Alencar Castelo Branco as President ofBrazil .April 13 – At the36th Academy Awards ceremony,Sidney Poitier becomes the first African-American to win anAcademy Award in the categoryBest Actor in a Leading Role inLilies of the Field [ 17] April 16 – In the Assize Court at Buckingham, England, sentences totalling 307 years are passed on twelve men who stole £2,600,000 in used bank notes, after holding up the night train fromGlasgow toLondon in August 1963 – a heist that becomes known as theGreat Train Robbery .[ 18] April 17 –Jerrie Mock completes the first around-the-world airplane flight by a woman. Her solo flight in theSpirit of Columbus Port Columbus International Airport in Ohio.April 19 – InLaos , the coalition government of PrinceSouvanna Phouma is deposed by a right-wing military group, led by Brig. Gen.Kouprasith Abhay . Not supported by the United States, the coup is ultimately unsuccessful, and Souvanna Phouma is reinstated, remaining as Prime Minister until1975 .April 20 April 25 – Thieves steal the head of theLittle Mermaid Copenhagen , Denmark. Although the attack is attributed toJørgen Nash , the Danish media blame painter Henrik Bruun, who never confesses to the crime.[ 22] April 26 –Tanganyika andZanzibar merge to formTanzania .[ 23] May 1 – At 4:00 a.m.,John George Kemeny andThomas Eugene Kurtz run the first computer program written inBASIC (Beginners' All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code), an easy to learn high levelprogramming language which they have created.[ 24] computers and even some games consoles.May 2 Vietnam War :Attack on USNSCard – An explosion caused byViet Cong commandos causes carrierUSNSCard to sink in the port ofSaigon .[ 25] Some 400–1,000 students march throughTimes Square , New York, and another 700 inSan Francisco , in the first major student demonstration against the Vietnam War. Smaller marches also occur in Boston, Seattle, and Madison, WI. Henry Hezekiah Dee andCharles Eddie Moore , hitchhiking inMeadville, Mississippi , are kidnapped, beaten and murdered by members of theKu Klux Klan . Their badlydecomposed bodies are found by chance in July during the search formissing activists Chaney, Goodman, and Schwerner .May 7 May 9 – South Korean PresidentPark Chung Hee reshuffles his Cabinet, after a series of student demonstrations against his efforts to restore diplomatic and trade relations withJapan .May 12 – Twelve young men in New York City publiclyburn their draft cards to protest against the Vietnam War, the first such act of war resistance.[ 27] May 23 – Madeline Dassault, 63, wife of a French plane manufacturer and politician, is kidnapped while leaving her car in front of her Paris home; she is found unharmed the next day in a farmhouse 27 miles (43 km) from Paris.[ 28] May 24 –25 – The crowd at afootball match inLima ,Peru ,riots over a referee's decision in the Peru-Argentina game; 319 are killed, 500 injured.[ 29] May 27 – The ongoingColombian conflict starts, with an assault by 1,000 Colombian soldiers, backed by fighter planes and helicopters, against about 50 guerrillas in the community of Marquetalia.[ 30] May 28 – The Charter of thePalestine Liberation Organization (PLO) is released by theArab League .May 29 – Havingdeposed them in a January coup , South Vietnamese leaderNguyen Khanh has rival GeneralsTran Van Don andLe Van Kim convicted of "lax morality".[ 31] July 2 – The United StatesCivil Rights Act of 1964 is enacted.[ 34] July 6 –Malawi receives its independence from the United Kingdom.[ 35] July 16 –Six days of race riots begin inHarlem , New York, United States, apparently prompted by the shooting of a teenager.July 18 –Judith Graham Pool publishes her discovery ofcryoprecipitate , a frozen blood clotting product made from plasma primarily to treathemophiliacs around the world.[ 36] July 19 –Vietnam War : At a rally inSaigon ,South Vietnamese Prime Minister and military leaderNguyễn Khánh calls for expanding the war intoNorth Vietnam .[ 37] July 20 July 21 –Race riots begin inSingapore between ethnic Chinese and Malays.[ 39] July 22 – The second meeting of theOrganisation of African Unity is held.July 24 – A minorcriticality accident takes place at a United Nuclear Corporation Fuels recovery plant inWood River Junction, Rhode Island , United States, causing the death of one worker.July 27 –Vietnam War : The U.S. sends 5,000 more military advisers to South Vietnam, bringing the total number of United States forces in Vietnam to 21,000.July 31 –Ranger program :Ranger 7 sends back the first close-up photographs of the Moon (images are 1,000 times clearer than anything ever seen from Earth-boundtelescopes ).September 2 – IndianHungry generation poets, includingMalay Roy Choudhury , are arrested on charges of conspiracy against the state and obscenity in literature.[ 46] September 4 – TheForth Road Bridge opens over theFirth of Forth in Scotland.[ 47] September 10 – TheAfrican Development Bank (AfDB) is founded.[ 48] September 11 – InJacksonville, Florida , during a tour of the United States,John Lennon announces that theBeatles will not play to a segregated audience.[ 49] September 14 September 18 – InAthens , KingConstantine II of Greece marriesPrincess Anne-Marie of Denmark , who becomes Europe's youngest Queen at age 18 years, 19 days.September 21 – The island ofMalta obtains independence from the United Kingdom.September 24 – TheWarren Commission , the first official investigation of the assassination of United States PresidentJohn F. Kennedy , submits its written report.[ 51] September 25 – TheMozambican War of Independence is launched byFRELIMO .[ 52] October 10–24: The 1964 Summer Olympics begins October –Robert Moog demonstrates the prototypeMoog synthesizer .[ 53] October 1 October 5 October 10 –24 – The1964 Summer Olympics are held in Tokyo, Japan, the first in an Asian country.October 12 – The Soviet Union launchesVoskhod 1 orbit as the first spacecraft with a multi-person crew and the first flight withoutspace suits . The flight is cut short and lands again onOctober 13 after 16 orbits.October 14 – American civil rights movement leaderMartin Luther King Jr. becomes the youngest recipient of theNobel Peace Prize , which is awarded to him for leading non-violent resistance to endracial prejudice in the United States.October 14 –15 –Nikita Khrushchev is deposed as leader of the Soviet Union;Leonid Brezhnev andAlexei Kosygin assume power.October 15 –1964 United Kingdom general election : TheLabour Party wins a narrow victory over SirAlec Douglas-Home 'sConservative Party , which has been in power for 13 years. The new prime minister isHarold Wilson .[ 54] October 17 –596 (nuclear test) : The People's Republic of China explodes anatomic bomb inSinkiang .October 22 Canada: A Federal Multi-Party Parliamentary Committee selects a design to become the new officialFlag of Canada . A 5.3kiloton nuclear device is detonated at the Tatum Salt Dome, 21 miles (34 km) fromHattiesburg, Mississippi , as part of theVela Uniform program. This test is the Salmon phase of the Atomic Energy Commission's Project Dribble. October 24 – NorthernRhodesia , a former British protectorate, becomes the independent Republic ofZambia , ending 73 years of British rule.October 26 –Eric Edgar Cooke becomes the last man executed in Western Australia, for murdering 8 citizens inPerth between1959 and1963 .October 27 – In theDemocratic Republic of the Congo , rebel leader Christopher Gbenye takes 60 Americans and 800 Belgianshostage .October 29 – A collection of irreplaceablegemstones , including the 565-carat (113.0 g)Star of India , is stolen from theAmerican Museum of Natural History in New York City.December 1 –Gustavo Díaz Ordaz takes office asPresident of Mexico .December 3 Berkeley Free Speech Movement : Police arrest about 800 students at theUniversity of California, Berkeley , following their takeover of and massive sit-in at the Sproul Hall administration building. The sit-in most directly protested the U.C. Regents' decision to punish student activists for what many thought had been justified civil disobedience earlier in the conflict.[ 58] The Danish football clubBrøndby IF is founded as a merger between the two local clubs Brøndbyøster Idrætsforening and Brøndbyvester Idrætsforening. The club wins the national championshipDanish Superliga 10 times, and theDanish Cups six times, after joining the Danish top-flight football league in 1981. December 5 –Australian Senate election, 1964 : TheLiberal /Country Coalition Government led byPrime Minister Robert Menzies hold their status quo, while theLabor Party led byArthur Calwell lose one seat to theDemocratic Labor Party , who hold the balance of power in theSenate alongside independentReg Turnbull .December 10 – Dr.Martin Luther King Jr. is awarded theNobel Peace Prize inOslo , Norway.[ 59] December 11 –Che Guevara addresses theUnited Nations General Assembly .[ 60] bazooka attack is launched at theHeadquarters of the United Nations in New York City.December 12 –Jamhuri Day :Kenya becomes a republic, withJomo Kenyatta as its firstPresident .December 14 –Heart of Atlanta Motel v. United States Civil Rights Act of 1964 , establishments providing public accommodation must refrain from racial discrimination.December 18 – TheChristmas flood of 1964 begins in the United States, affecting the Pacific Northwest and some of Northern California. It will continue until January 7, resulting in 19 deaths, serious damage to buildings, roads and bridges, and the loss of 4,000 head of livestock.[ 61] December 21 – TheGeneral Dynamics F-111 Aardvark supersonic attack aircraft, developed for the U.S. Air Force, makes its first flight, atCarswell Air Force Base , Texas.[ 62] December 22 December 24 –The Brinks Hotel in Saigon, Vietnam, is bombed by theViet Cong , resulting in the deaths of two US soldiers and injuries to a further 60 people, including civilians.[ 64] December 30 – TheUnited Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) is established as a permanent organ of theUN General Assembly .[ 65]
Anthony Scaramucci Michelle Obama Francesca Neri Matt Dillon Bebeto Wanda Sykes Juliette Binoche Prince Edward, Duke of Edinburgh Rob Lowe Russell Crowe Edi Rama Courtney Love Pedro Passos Coelho Sandra Bullock July 1 July 2 –Jose andOzzie Canseco , Cuban-born American baseball players; twin brothersJuly 3 July 4 –Edi Rama , 33rdPrime Minister of Albania [ 100] July 5 –Stephen H. Scott , Canadian neuroscientist and engineerJuly 6 –Kim Jee-woon , South Korean film director and screenwriterJuly 9 –Courtney Love , American musician/actressJuly 13 –Pascal Hervé , French road racing cyclist[ 101] July 15 July 16 –Miguel Indurain , Spanish cyclist[ 102] July 18 –Wendy Williams , African-American talk show host[ 103] July 19 July 24 July 26 July 28 –Lori Loughlin , American actress[ 108] July 30 July 31 –C.C. Catch , Dutch-born German singerAbhisit Vejjajiva Giuseppe Conte Melinda Gates Keanu Reeves Jack Ma Robert Fico Maggie Cheung Carlos Ruiz Zafón Monica Bellucci Guillermo del Toro Dražen Petrović October 2 –Makharbek Khadartsev , Russian free-style wrestler[ 128] October 3 –Clive Owen , English actor[ 129] October 4 –Yvonne Murray , Scottish athlete[ 130] October 6 –Tom Jager , American swimmer[ 131] October 9 October 10 –Maxi Gnauck , German gymnast[ 134] October 20 –Kamala Harris , politician and attorney, 49th vice president of the United States[ 135] October 22 October 25 –Nicole Seibert , German singer,Eurovision Song Contest 1982 winner[ 137] October 26 –Elisabeta Lipă , Romanian rower[ 138] October 27 –Mary T. Meagher , American swimmer[ 139] October 31 –Marco van Basten , Dutch footballer and managerMagnús Scheving Calista Flockhart Valeria Bruni Tedeschi November 3 –Paprika Steen , Danish actress[ 140] November 11 –Calista Flockhart , American actressNovember 12 –Michael Kremer , American development economist, recipient of theNobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences [ 141] November 16 November 19 –Phil Hughes , Irish footballer and coachNovember 20 –Doug Ford , 26thPremier of Ontario [ 143] November 22 –Apetor , Norwegian YouTuber (d. 2021)[ 144] November 23 –Erika Buenfil , Mexican actress and singer[ 145] November 24 –Conleth Hill , Irish actorNovember 26 –Vreni Schneider , Swiss alpine skier[ 146] November 27 –Ronit Elkabetz , Israeli actress, writer and filmmaker (died2016 )November 28 November 29 –Don Cheadle , African-American actor[ 147] Edith González Marisa Tomei Stone Cold Steve Austin
Julius Raab Bechara El Khoury Alan Ladd Emilio Aguinaldo Sofoklis Venizelos February 3 February 5 –Matilde Moisant , American pilot (born1878 )[ 165] February 6 –Emilio Aguinaldo , Filipino general and 1stPresident of the Philippines (born1869 )February 7 –Sofoklis Venizelos , Greek politician, three-timePrime Minister of Greece (born1894 )February 8 –Ernst Kretschmer , German psychiatrist (born1888 )[ 166] February 10 –Eugen Sänger , Austrian aerospace engineer (born1905 )February 12 –Gerald Gardner , English polymath, founder of Wiccan religion (born1884 )[ 167] February 13 –Paulino Alcántara , Filipino-Spanish footballer (born1896 )February 15 –Reginald Garrigou-Lagrange , French theologian (born1877 )[ 168] February 18 –Joseph-Armand Bombardier , Canadian inventor of thesnowmobile and founder ofBombardier Inc. (born1907 )February 25 February 27 –Orry-Kelly , Australian-born costume designer (born1897 )Brendan Behan Douglas MacArthur April 1 –Božidar Kunc , Yugoslav composer (born1903 )April 3 –Franz Joseph, Prince of Hohenzollern-Emden (born1891 )April 5 –Douglas MacArthur , U.S. Army general, Supreme Allied Commander in Japan after World War II (born1880 )April 6 –Jigme Palden Dorji , 1stPrime Minister of Bhutan (born1919 ; assassinated)[ 175] April 13 –Veit Harlan , German film director (born1899 )April 14 April 18 April 20 April 21 –Bharathidasan , Indian Tamil poet and rationalist (born1891 )[ 178] April 24 –Gerhard Domagk , Germanbacteriologist , recipient of theNobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (declined) (born1895 )April 29 –Wenceslao Fernández Flórez , Spanish journalist and novelist (born1885 )Jawaharlal Nehru May 2 –Nancy Astor, Viscountess Astor , American-born British politician (born1879 )May 6 –José Maza Fernández , Chilean politician, lawyer and diplomat (born1889 )May 8 –Kichisaburō Nomura , Japanese admiral and diplomat (born1877 )May 10 –Carol Haney , American dancer and actress (born1924 )May 13 –Diana Wynyard , English actress (born1906 )May 21 –James Franck , German-born physicist,Nobel Prize laureate (born1882 )May 26 –Ruben Oskar Auervaara , Finnish fraudster (born1906 )[ 179] May 27 –Jawaharlal Nehru , Indian politician, 1stPrime Minister of India (born1889 )May 30 –Leó Szilárd , Hungarian-born American physicist (born1898 )Carlos Quintanilla Plaek Phibunsongkhram Prince Axel of Denmark July 1 –Pierre Monteux , French conductor (born1875 )July 2 –Fireball Roberts , American race car driver and a member of theNASCAR Hall of Fame (born1929 )July 6 –Zeng Junchen , Sichuan's 'King of Opium' (born1888 )July 7 –Lillian Copeland , American athlete (born1904 )[ 182] July 11 –Maurice Thorez , leader of theFrench Communist Party (born1900 )July 13 –Joel Brand , Hungarian rescue worker (born1906 )[ 183] July 14 –Prince Axel of Denmark (born1888 )July 15 –Luis Batlle Berres , Uruguayan political figure, 30thPresident of Uruguay (born1897 )July 16 –Alfred Junge , German art director (born1886 )July 21 –Jean Fautrier , French painter and sculptor (born1898 )July 22 July 23 –Thakin Kodaw Hmaing , Burmese poet and politician (born1876 )July 25 –Sir John Latham , Australian judge and politician (born1877 )[ 184] July 31 –Jim Reeves , American country singer (born1923 )Aleksander Zawadzki Gracie Allen August 3 –Flannery O'Connor , American writer (born1925 )[ 185] August 6 – SirCedric Hardwicke , English actor (born1893 )August 7 August 9 –Fontaine Fox , American cartoonist (born1884 )August 11 –André Aymard , French historian (born1900 )August 12 August 13 –Mushtaq Hussain Khan , Indian musician (born1878 )August 14 –Johnny Burnette , American singer (born1934 )August 18 –Mohammad Gul Khan Momand , Afghani politician (born1885 )August 20 –Anthony de Francisci , Italian-born American sculptor (born1887 )August 21 –Palmiro Togliatti , leader of theItalian Communist Party (born1893 )August 22 –Symeon Lukach , SovietEastern Catholic bishop, martyr and blessed (born1893 )August 23 –Estella Canziani , British painter (born1887 )August 27 –Gracie Allen , American actress and comedian, known as part of the comedy duoBurns and Allen 1895 )August 28 –Lumsden Hare , Irish-born actor, theatre director, and theatre producerAugust 30 –Aleksei Aleksandrovich Grechkin , Soviet commander (born1893 )Otto Grotewohl Harpo Marx Herbert Hoover Khawaja Nazimuddin Servant of GodFranciszek Barda Rickard Sandler November 2 November 5 November 6 –Hans von Euler-Chelpin , German-born chemist,Nobel Prize laureate (born1873 )November 10 –Jimmie Dodd , American actor, singer and songwriter (b.1910 )November 11 November 12 –Rickard Sandler , Swedish politician, 20thPrime Minister of Sweden (born1884 )November 13 –Oskar Becker , German philosopher (born1889 )November 14 –Heinrich von Brentano , German politician (born1904 )November 18 –Tommaso Besozzi , Italian journalist (born1903 )November 25 –Clarence Kolb , American actor (born1874 )Pina Pellicer Sam Cooke Ólafur Thors December 1 December 4 –Pina Pellicer , Mexican actress (born1934 )December 5 –V. Veerasingam , Ceylon Tamil teacher and politician (born1892 )December 6 –Consuelo Vanderbilt , Duchess of Marlborough (born1877 )December 9 – DameEdith Sitwell , British poet (born1887 )December 10 –Mariano Rossell y Arellano , Guatemalan clergyman (born1894 )December 11 December 13 –Ernesto Almirante , Italian actor (born1877 )December 14 –William Bendix , American actor (born1906 )December 15 –C. J. Hambro , Norwegian politician and journalist (born1885 )December 17 –Victor Francis Hess , Austrian-born American physicist,Nobel Prize laureate (born1883 )December 21 –Carl Van Vechten , American writer and photographer (born1880 )[ 193] December 22 –Rosa Borja de Ycaza , Ecuadorian writer (born1889 )December 24 –Kuksha of Odessa , Eastern Orthodox priest (born1875 )December 29 –Vladimir Favorsky , Russian artist and engraver (born1886 )December 30 –Hans Gerhard Creutzfeldt , German neuropathologist (born1885 )[ 194] December 31 ^ Malawi. 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