| 1956 Rose Bowl | |||||||||||||||||||||
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| 42nd Rose Bowl Game | |||||||||||||||||||||
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| Date | January 2, 1956 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Season | 1955 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Stadium | Rose Bowl | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Location | Pasadena, California | ||||||||||||||||||||
| MVP | Walt Kowalczyk (Michigan State HB) | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Favorite | Michigan State by 7 points[1] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| National anthem | UCLA Band andMichigan State Marching Band combined | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Referee | Ross Dean (Big Ten; split crew: Big Ten,AAWU) | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Halftime show | UCLA Band, Michigan State Marching Band | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Attendance | 100,809 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| United States TV coverage | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Network | NBC | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Announcers | Mel Allen,Sam Balter | ||||||||||||||||||||
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The1956 Rose Bowl was the 42ndedition of thecollege footballbowl game, played at theRose Bowl inPasadena, California, on Monday, January 2. TheMichigan State Spartans of theBig Ten Conference defeated theUCLA Bruins of thePacific Coast Conference, 17–14.[2][3] Michigan State halfbackWalt Kowalczyk was named thePlayer of the Game.[4]
The game featured two of the most racially integrated college football teams of the day, with six African American players for the Bruins and seven for the Spartans.[5][6] This stood in stark contrast to theSugar Bowl, where there was controversy over whetherBobby Grier fromPitt should be allowed to play and whetherGeorgia Tech should even play at all, due to Georgia governorMarvin Griffin's opposition to integration.[7][8][9] Only one month previous,Rosa Parks made her famous protest in theMontgomery bus boycott. The 1956 Rose Bowl has the highest TV rating of all college bowl games, watched by 41.1% of all people in the US with TV sets.[10]
AsNew Year's Day fell on a Sunday in 1956, the bowl games were played the following day.
TheOhio State Buckeyes were the undefeated Big Ten conference champions. However, Ohio State would not be invited to the Rose Bowl because of the no-repeat rule in the Big Ten conference. This left Michigan State to be accepted. Ohio State was ranked fourth with a 7–2 record, and Michigan State was second with a 9–1 record.[11] The teams did not play each other during the regular season. Michigan State opened with a 20–13 win atIndiana, but fell toin-state rivalMichigan 14–7, their only setback of the season. They won 38–14 over then-#20Stanford, and defeated then-#4Notre Dame 21–7. The Spartans did not playNorthwestern,Iowa, or Ohio State. The Buckeyes' two losses were out of conference, toDuke (20–14) and Stanford (6–0).
UCLA was the defendingnational champion after an undefeated season in1954. The Bruins began the1955 seasonranked number one. In a showdown at #5Maryland, the Bruins lost 0–7 to the Terrapins. A 38–0 win overOregon State ultimately proved to be the game for the conference championship. The Bruins won the rest of their regular season games, including a 21–13 win overStanford. With the Pacific Coast conference championship already won, the Bruins won their third straightrivalry game overUSC 17–7.
In aSports Illustrated article preceding the 1956 Rose Bowl, UCLA head coachRed Sanders was quoted as saying "Sure, winning isn't every thing, It's the only thing."[12]Coaches Duffy Daugherty and Red Sanders appeared onThe Jack Benny Program "New Years Day" 1956 episode on Sunday, January 1, 1956, preceding the game to be played the next day.[13]
This was the second meeting between the two schools, the first was a 28–20 victory for the Spartans two years earlier in the1954 Rose Bowl. The Spartans wore their green home jerseys and the Bruins wore their white road jerseys.
On the first play from scrimmage, Jim Decker of UCLA intercepted a pass from Michigan State quarterbackEarl Morrall, and returned four yards to the MSU 16-yard line. Four plays later,Bob Davenport scored on a two-yard run over left guard to give the Bruins a 7–0 lead.
Midway through the second quarter, Michigan State put together an 11-play, 80-yard drive to pull even at seven;Walt Kowalczyk's 30-yard run to the UCLA 17 set up Morrall's 13-yard touchdown toss toClarence Peaks. There was no additional scoring through the third quarter.
On the second play of the fourth quarter, the Spartans took their first lead at 14–7 on Peaks’ 67-yard touchdown pass to John Lewis, who caught the ball on the 50 and took it the distance. Five minutes later, The UCLA Bruin passing game produced a big play as UCLA quarterbackRonnie Knox connected with Jim Decker with a 47-yard pass play to the Spartan 7-yard line. Three plays later, Doug Peters scored on a one-yard plunge at center. Morrall directed an 11-play, 59-yard drive to the UCLA 24, butGerald Planutis missed a 41-yard field-goal attempt.
Five penalties were called in the closing minutes and field position shifted in Michigan State's favor when UCLA was whistled for three-straight penalties. UCLA was called for an intentional grounding infraction which pushed the ball back to its own one-yard line; a punt gave the Spartans the ball at the UCLA 40-yard line. The Bruins were cited for interference with the kick returner on the punt play, which put the ball at the Bruin 19-yard line. Replacing Planutis as placekicker, Dave Kaiser of Michigan State converted his first career field-goal attempt, a 41-yard kick, with seven seconds remaining in the game to give the Spartans a 17–14 win.[2][3]
| Team Stats | Mich. St. | UCLA |
|---|---|---|
| First Downs | 18 | 13 |
| Net Yards Rushing | 251 | 136 |
| Net Yards Passing | 130 | 61 |
| Total Yards | 381 | 197 |
| PC–PA–Int. | 6–18–2 | 2–10–1 |
| Punts–Avg. | 2–40.0 | 7–39.6 |
| Fumbles–Lost | 4–1 | 2–0 |
| Penalties–Yards | 10–98 | 8–60 |
Although it was UCLA penalties in the final minutes that gave field position to Michigan State, the Spartans' 98 yards given up on 10 penalties are a Rose Bowl game record as of 2008. The Spartans were named National Champions by theBoand System.[14][15] Oklahoma would be named National champion by all the other organizations. In the 1956 Orange Bowl, the #1 Oklahoma Sooners defeated the #3 Maryland Terrapins 20–6 in a battle of undefeated teams. The Sugar Bowl was the last bowl game to be integrated. The Cotton Bowl, Orange Bowl, and Sugar Bowl were not integrated until 1948, 1955, and 1956 respectively.[16]