| ←1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 → Presidential election year | |
| Election day | November 4 |
|---|---|
| Incumbent president | Harry S. Truman (Democratic) |
| Next Congress | 83rd |
| Presidential election | |
| Partisan control | Republican gain |
| Popular vote margin | Republican +10.9% |
| Electoral vote | |
| Dwight D. Eisenhower (R) | 442 |
| Adlai Stevenson (D) | 89 |
 | |
| 1952 presidential election results.Red denotes states won by Eisenhower,blue denotes states won by Stevenson. Numbers indicate theelectoral votes won by each candidate. | |
| Senate elections | |
| Overall control | Republican gain |
| Seats contested | 35 of 96 seats (32 Class 1 seats + 4 special elections)[1] |
| Net seat change | Republican +2[2] |
 | |
| 1952 Senate results Democratic gain Democratic hold | |
| House elections | |
| Overall control | Republican gain |
| Seats contested | All 435 voting members |
| Popular vote margin | Democratic +0.5% |
| Net seat change | Republican +22 |
 | |
| Gubernatorial elections | |
| Seats contested | 30 |
| Net seat change | Republican +5 |
 | |
| 1952 gubernatorial election results Democratic hold | |
Elections were held on November 4, 1952, during theCold War and theKorean War.General of the ArmyDwight D. Eisenhower won theWhite House in a landslide overDemocratic governorAdlai Stevenson of Illinois. Meanwhile,Republicans narrowly took control of both chambers ofCongress, giving Republicans their firsttrifecta since theGreat Depression. This is the last election until2000 in which the Republicans held both chambers of Congress and the presidency at the same time. For the rest of the century, Republicans would often still win the presidency without full control of Congress.
Republican nomineeFive-star generalDwight D. Eisenhower defeatedDemocratic governorAdlai Stevenson of Illinois.[3][4] Eisenhower won the popular vote by eleven points, and carried every state outside the South. Eisenhower took theRepublican nomination on the first ballot, defeating Ohio senatorRobert A. Taft and California governorEarl Warren. After incumbent presidentHarry S. Truman declined to seek re-election, Stevenson won theDemocratic nomination on the third ballot, defeating Tennessee senatorEstes Kefauver, Georgia senatorRichard Russell Jr., and former commerce secretaryW. Averell Harriman. Eisenhower was the firstprofessional soldier to be elected president sinceUlysses S. Grant.
The Republicans gained twenty-two seats in the U.S. House of Representatives, gaining a majority over the Democrats. The House elections took place after the1950 United States census and the subsequentcongressional re-apportionment. The Republicans also became the majority in the U.S. Senate, gaining two seats.[4]
The longevity of Democratic rule of theWhite House and the unpopularity ofPresident Truman and the war in Korea are credited for the Republican sweep.
As of 2024, this marked the third and final time in American history where one party flipped both chambers of Congress and the Presidency in a single election, along with 1800 and 1840. This would be the last time the Republicans won the Senate majority until1980 and the last time they would win the House majority until1994. This was the first presidential election where the winning Republican had coattails in both houses of Congress since 1928, and the second consecutive election with coattails in both houses. This is the last time the House changed hands in a presidential year, and the last time both houses simultaneously did so.
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