Events from the year1945 in Canada .
Provincial governments [ edit ] Lieutenant governors [ edit ] Territorial governments [ edit ] Two young women standing onSaint Catherine Street inMontreal , reading the front page ofThe Montreal Daily Star A V-E Day parade on Sparks Street, Ottawa (May 8, 1945) Arts and literature [ edit ] January 15 -Bonnie Burnard , novelist (d.2017 ) January 18 -Steven Truscott , exonerated murderer January 21 -Len Derkach , politician January 23 -Mike Harris , politician and 22ndPremier of Ontario January 27 February 5 -Nancy McCredie , track and field athlete February 19 February 20 -Donald McPherson , figure skater (d.2001 ) March 4 -Patrick Boyer , politician and university professor March 6 -John A. MacNaughton , financier and executive (d.2013 ) March 17 -Dave Bailey , track and field athlete (d.2022 ) March 26 -Diane McGifford , politician March 28 -Bobby Schmautz , ice hockey player (d.2021 ) Bjarni Tryggvason Roberta Bondar October to December [ edit ] January 15 –Kate Simpson Hayes , playwright and legislative librarian (b.1856 ) March 2 -Emily Carr , artist and writer (b.1871 ) March 23 -Walter Charles Murray , first President of theUniversity of Saskatchewan (b.1866 ) July 17 -Adjutor Rivard , lawyer, writer, judge and linguist (b.1868 ) October 24 -Franklin Carmichael , painter andGroup of Seven member (b.1890 ) November 1 -Marie Lacoste Gérin-Lajoie , feminist and social activist (b.1867 ) December 10 -Joseph-Octave Samson , businessperson, politician and 28thMayor of Quebec City (b.1862 ) Historical documents [ edit ] Platoon leader in48th Highlanders of Canada describes Battle of Apeldoorn in Netherlands[ 4]
"A zest to life she has never felt before" - Manitobannurses "tigers" of1st Canadian Division in Italy [ 5]
Food shortage inoccupied France , especially in cities but benefiting farmers, accompanied afterliberation by high inflation[ 6]
Winter 1945 is trying for Canadian diplomatsCharles Ritchie andSaul Rae and family,living in liberated Paris without fuel[ 7]
Print: For European children dying of cold and hunger at Christmas[ 8]
Record of two British mariners killed onCanadian cargo ship sunk in Scottish waters in war's last U-boat attack[ 9]
Film: newsreel showsU-boats surrendering in North American waters, including off Shelburne, Nova Scotia[ 10]
"A despondent-looking mob" -Canadian Parachute Battalion finds German soldiers and families eagerlysurrender to avoidRussians [ 11]
"My survival was an absolute miracle" -14-year-old orphan liberated fromBuchenwald concentration camp [ 12]
Hundreds of children freed fromBuchenwald , where several Polish inmates ran school[ 13]
Agreement on trials of European war criminals , who will return "to thecountries in which their abominable deeds were done"[ 14]
"That vague expression and pose of utter bewilderment" -war artist 's painting of lone survivor of bomber crash[ 15]
Royal Navy electrician posted to Quebec City makes substantial extra pay playing trumpet in Al Bedard's band[ 16]
War artist Lance-CorporalMolly Lamb 's humorous graphic story of saying goodbye to herCWAC comrades[ 17]
"A friend to the service man and his dependents at home" -New Brunswick MP 's election campaign flyer is aimed at military voters[ 18]
Black Canadian Army private goes to City Hall tochallenge segregation policy in fourGlasgow dance halls[ 19]
Returning veterans should have houses and suits, but souvenir firearms are not encouraged[ 20]
Poster: Information on Canadian production and fighting in later war period[ 21]
British PMClement Attlee says farm, factory and shipyard workers, scientists, technicians and research workers share credit for victory[ 22]
"A steadfast and progressive people, blessed with a bountiful land" - production of energy and farm products inwartime Alberta [ 23]
To blockinflation , Canadians urged to avoidblack markets , keep toprice controls and "not buy two where one will do"[ 24]
Discussion guide onwomen's war effort andfuture role of women in workplace, home and community[ 25]
Postwar hurdles that Canadians face and need to discuss include too few people, too little independence, and disunity[ 26]
Editorial speculates on "Japanese mind" in assessingJapan's crimes , "which no Japanese wants to hear about today"[ 27]
Protests againsttransfer of more than half of Japanese Canadians to Japan, with calls for their rehabilitation and rights restoration[ 28]
PM King explainsproposal for peace and security organization (UN) , and how it would improve onLeague of Nations [ 29]
"Trust the people as to the future" - King believes putting war and UN conference above politics will aidLiberals' re-election [ 30]
On way toUN conference ,diplomat Charles Ritchie labels PM King "the fat little conjurer with his flickering, shifty eyes"[ 31]
Canadians seek standing equal to theirrole in victory , butU.S. diplomat says cooperation amongfour major Allies is complex enough[ 32]
U.S.A., U.K. and Canada intend to share non-militaryatomic research with all nations for "an atmosphere of reciprocal confidence"[ 33]
Soviet embassy clerkIgor Gouzenko defects, "sickened by the evidence of intrigues and espionage directed against Canada"[ 34]
Film: newsreel of Russian espionage case with shots ofDeep River, Ontario "atom bomb plant" and many Mounties[ 35]
U.S. State Department briefing paper on Britain's (and specificallyChurchill 's) lack of control over Commonwealth nations[ 36]
"Anglophobia " in U.S.A. targets U.K. (and Canada, as still part ofEmpire ), hampering postwar economic settlement[ 37]
Private cars, buses and trucks seized for enormous roadblock duringstrike by Ford of Canada workers in Windsor, Ont.[ 38]
Program ofOscar Peterson Trio concert includes works by Chopin, Kreisler, Dvorak, Gershwin, Ellington and Peterson[ 39]
Photo:Ivy Lawrence Maynier ,University of Toronto Law School class of 1945 - "Firstwoman of colour to graduate from the U of T Law School"[ 40]
^ "King George VI | The Canadian Encyclopedia" .www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca . Retrieved4 December 2022 .^ Lentz, Harris M. (4 February 2014).Heads of States and Governments Since 1945 ISBN 978-1-134-26490-2 ^ "Japan bombs Saskatchewan" .CBC.ca . Retrieved2011-03-18 .^ A.E. Brock,"My Last Battle" WW2 People's War, BBC. Accessed 24 July 2020 ^ Mary Lyle Benham,"They Stay in the Fight; 'Red Patches' Her Gang - And Woe to Any Critics!" The Winnipeg Tribune, 56th Year, No. 106 (May 3, 1945), pg. 13. Accessed 13 August 2020 ^ Roy H. Thomson,"The Puzzling Years Ahead" (April 12, 1945), The Empire Club of Canada Addresses, pgs. 409-26. Accessed 13 August 2020 ^ Charles Ritchie, The Siren Years: A Canadian Diplomat Abroad, 1937-1945, pg. 185, quoted in Pat Barclay,Charles Ritchie and the English Diary Tradition (1987), pgs. 144-7 (PDF pgs. 154-8). Accessed 13 August 2020 (See also Robert Doisneau photo"Les glaneurs de charbon, Saint-Denis" (The Coal Gleaners, 1945), Pompidou Centre) ^ Cooper Hewitt, Smithsonian Design Museum."Print, In Memory of the Children of Europe Who Have to Die of Cold and Hunger This X'mas" . Smithsonian Institution. Retrieved8 January 2022 . ^ "Avondale Park; Canadian Steam Merchant" Ships Hit by U-boats, uboat.net. Accessed 7 August 2020^ "Uboat Surrender - film clip," "'An East Coast Port;' Halifax in Wartime, 1939-1945" Nova Scotia Archives. Accessed 10 August 2020^ Historical Section (G.S.), Army Headquarters,"The 1st Canadian Parachute Battalion in the Low Countries and in Germany" (Report No. 17, October 27, 1947), paras. 64-5, pgs. 31-2. Accessed 24 July 2020 ^ Vancouver Holocaust Education Centre, "Photograph: Buchenwald, April 1945," Open Hearts - Closed Doors: The War Orphans Project; Liberation, pg. 6. Accessed 10 August 2020http://www.virtualmuseum.ca/sgc-cms/expositions-exhibitions/orphelins-orphans/english/themes/pdf/the_liberation.pdf (turn to pg. 6) ^ WNS,"Buchenwald Yields 4,500 Including 1000 Children" Jewish Western Bulletin, Vol. XIII, No. 9 (May 4, 1945), pg. 4. Accessed 11 August 2020 ^ "Agreement for the Prosecution and Punishment of the Major War Criminals of the European Axis,(...)8 August 1945" Treaties, States Parties and Commentaries, International Committee of the Red Cross. Accessed 12 August 2020^ Letter of Eric Aldwinckle (June 1, 1945), pgs. 4-5. Accessed 10 August 2020http://pw20c.mcmaster.ca/pw20c/case-study/creative-dialogue-across-ocean-eric-aldwinckles-letters-harry-somers?page=15 (scroll down to 1 June);relevant pages:http://pw20c.mcmaster.ca/pw20c/aldwinckle-eric-letter-1-june-1945-2 http://pw20c.mcmaster.ca/pw20c/aldwinckle-eric-letter-16-june-1945 (note: pg. 5 from the June 1 letter is mislabelled June 16);The Survivor:http://pw20c.mcmaster.ca/sites/default/files/pw20c_images/00001881.jpg ^ "Sidecar" (Stan Dibben),"VE and VJ Days in Canada" WW2 People's War, BBC. Accessed 24 July 2020 ^ Molly Lamb Bobak,"Girl fails to avoid sordid end" (March 27, 1945), "W110278" the Personal War Records of Private Lamb, M., pg. 165. Accessed 31 July 2020 (Seephoto of Molly Lamb at work ) ^ Letter and flyer of Alfred J. Brooks, "The Man For Royal (Kings and Queens) Service Men and Women to Vote For" (May 1, 1945). Accessed 10 August 2020http://website.nbm-mnb.ca/MOP/english/ww2/dosearch.asp?browse=3&results=50&all=true (scroll down to Alfred J. Brooks) ^ The (U.K.) League of Coloured Peoples, "17. Dance Hall Colour Bar Challenged - 'Daily Worker' of 13th September,"News Letter Vol. XIII, No. 73 (October 1945), pg. 19. Accessed 24 July 2020 ^ "Rehab Roundup," Civvy Street News, No. 21 (October 1945), inCanadian Affairs, Vol. 2, No. 16 (Canadian Edition, 1945), inserted between pgs. 10 and 11. Accessed 29 July 2020 ^ Industrial Information Section, Wartime Information Board,"Wallnews, Feb. 1945. Canadian guns first-rate ... RCAF 'Lankys' bomb Ruhr(...)" (1945). Accessed 24 July 2020 ^ "Address of The Right Honourable Clement R. Attlee (November 19, 1945), House of Commons Debates, 20th Parliament, 1st Session, Vol. 2, pg. 2278. Accessed 29 August 2021^ Calgary Brewing and Malting Co.,"The Miracle of Wartime Production in Alberta" (1945). Accessed 10 August 2020 ^ The Brewing Industry (Ontario),"The Canadian Way of Life ... 'where the heart is!'" The Canadian Jewish Review, Vol. XXVII, No. 29 (April 20, 1945), pg. 9. Accessed 11 August 2020 ^ Renée Morin,"Women after the War" Canadian Affairs, Vol. 2, No. 4 (Canadian Edition, March 1, 1945). Accessed 29 July 2020 ^ "Canadian Hurdles" Archived 2021-01-23 at theWayback Machine Looking Ahead (Canadian Post-War Affairs Discussion Manual No. 4; August 1945). Accessed 29 July 2020^ "The Case Against Japan" The Winnipeg Tribune, 56th Year, No. 215 (September 7, 1945), pg. 6. Accessed 12 August 2020^ "Movement to Japan to Start" and "Protest Repatriation of Japanese Canadians," Granada Pioneer, Vol. III, No. 91 (Final Edition; Amache, Colorado, September 15, 1945),pg. 9 . Accessed 15 February 2020 ^ W.L. Mackenzie King,"San Francisco Conference; Proposed General International Organization for Maintenance of Peace and Security" (March 20, 1945) House of Commons Debates, 19th Parliament, 6th Session: Vol. 1, pgs. 24-7. Accessed 14 August 2020 ^ William Lyon Mackenzie King Diary for 1945 (March 21),pg. 268 . Accessed 14 August 2020 ^ Charles Ritchie, "Diary of a Quiet Diplomat," Macleans (November 1, 1974). Accessed 13 August 2020https://archive.macleans.ca/article/1974/11/1/diary-of-a-quiet-diplomat (scroll down to April 21, 1945) ^ United States Department of State,"The Assistant Chief of the Division of British Commonwealth Affairs (Parsons) to the Ambassador in Canada (Atherton)" (May 4, 1945), Foreign Relations of the United States: Diplomatic Papers, 1945; European Advisory Commission, Austria, Germany, pgs. 271-3. Accessed 12 August 2020 ^ "Atomic Energy; Agreed Declaration by the President of the United States, the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, and the Prime Minister of Canada" (November 15, 1945), in Gill Bennett and Richard Smith (eds.), Britain and the Making of the Post-War World (Documents from the British Archives: No. 1; 2020), pgs. 164-6. Accessed 26 July 2020^ Royal Canadian Mounted Police ("apparently"),"Corby" (September 1945), in Gill Bennett and Richard Smith (eds.), Britain and the Making of the Post-War World (Documents from the British Archives: No. 1; 2020), pgs. 110-12. Accessed 26 July 2020 ^ British Pathé,"Espionage Found In Canada" (1946). Accessed 27 July 2020 ^ United States Department of State,"No. 223; Briefing Book Paper; Britain as Member of the 'Big Three'" (July 2, 1945), General Background Reports, Foreign Relations of the United States; Diplomatic Papers; The Conference of Berlin (The Potsdam Conference), 1945; Volume I, pgs. 253-5. Accessed 12 August 2020 ^ D.W. Brogan,"U.S. Suspicions of Britain; Misunderstanding of Empire Position" The Glasgow Herald, 163rd Year, No. 232 (September 29, 1945), pg. 4. Accessed 24 July 2020 ^ Walter W. Ruch, "12,000 Defy Police in Windsor Strike," The New York Times (November 7, 1945), pgs. 1, 4. Accessed 12 August 2020https://projects.windsorpubliclibrary.com/digi/sar/part6.htm (scroll down to Excerpt from The New York Times) ^ "Glebe Collegiate Institute Auditorium; Wednesday, December 5th, 1945; Oscar Peterson and His Jazz Trio" Accessed 12 August 2020^ "Ivy Lawrence Maynier '45" Women in Law Through the Decades, University of Toronto Faculty of Law. Accessed 7 May 2023
1945 in North America
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