The1944 Skipton by-election was a parliamentaryby-election for theBritish House of Commons constituency ofSkipton,Yorkshire held on 7 January 1944.
The by-election was caused by the death of the sittingConservativeMP,George William Rickards on 27 November 1943. He had been MP here since holding the seat at the1933 Skipton by-election.
Skipton had been won by the Conservatives at every election since 1918. At the 1933 by-election, the Conservatives had won on a minority vote in a four-way contest. The result at the last General election was as follows;
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conservative | George William Rickards | 22,847 | 56.2 | −12.0 | |
| Labour | John Davies | 17,788 | 43.8 | +12.0 | |
| Majority | 5,059 | 12.4 | −24.0 | ||
| Turnout | 40,635 | 79.6 | −0.7 | ||
| Conservativehold | Swing | ||||
At the outbreak of war, the Conservative, Liberal and Labour parties had agreed an electoral truce which meant that when a by-election occurred, the party that was defending the seat would not be opposed by an official candidate from the other two parties. When the Labour and Liberal parties joined the Coalition government, it was agreed that any by-election candidate defending a government seat would receive a letter of endorsement jointly signed by all the party leaders.
The writ was moved on 15 December 1943 and polling day was set for 7 January 1944, 41 days after the death of the previous MP. When nominations closed, it was to reveal a three horse race,
Conservative candidate Harry Riddiough received a joint letter of endorsement from all the leaders of the parties in the coalition. His campaign was hopeful that support for those opposed to the Conservatives would be evenly split between his two opponents. As the only local candidate he hoped this would help his campaign.
The Skipton District Labour Party decided to endorse Lawson, the Common Wealth candidate, in exchange for the guarantee that Lawson would stand down in favour of a Labour candidate at the next general election.[4] This decision further isolated the candidacy of Joe Toole, the Independent Labour candidate. Toole's campaign was left with no local organisation.[5] In contrast, the Lawson campaign took the shape of previous Common Wealth campaigns which had been successful at the1943 Eddisbury by-election, organised byKim Mackay[4] and given the political direction ofRichard Acland.[5] In addition to full-time organisers, the Lawson campaign was supported by about 200 volunteers from outside the constituency. Many of these were apparently teachers, taking advantage of the school holidays.[6]
Local farmers in the constituency were disenchanted with the prospect of supporting the government candidate because of low farm prices and the government's ploughing up policy.[7]
The Common Wealth Party gained the seat.
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Common Wealth | Hugh Lawson | 12,222 | 44.8 | New | |
| Conservative | Harry Riddiough | 12,001 | 44.0 | −12.2 | |
| Independent Labour | Joseph Toole | 3,029 | 11.1 | New | |
| Majority | 221 | 0.8 | N/A | ||
| Turnout | 27,252 | 54.9 | −24.7 | ||
| Common Wealthgain fromConservative | Swing | ||||
Despite winning, Lawson made good his pledge not to contest the seat at the general election and instead stood and lost atHarrow West. Neither Riddiough or Toole stood again. Labour'sJohn Davies did get his chance to contest the seat again at the 1945 general election but despite the swing to Labour across the country, he failed to win here. The result at the General election;
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conservative | Burnaby Drayson | 17,905 | 41.5 | −2.5 | |
| Labour | John Davies | 15,704 | 36.4 | N/A | |
| Liberal | E. Townsend | 9,546 | 22.1 | N/A | |
| Majority | 2,201 | 5.1 | N/A | ||
| Turnout | 43,155 | 80.1 | +25.2 | ||
| Conservativegain fromCommon Wealth | Swing | ||||