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General elections were held inPanama on 5 June 1932 to elect a new President of the Republic and a newNational Assembly.Harmodio Arias Madrid of theLiberal Doctrinaire Party (PLDo) was elected President, whilst the PLDo emerged as the largest party in the National Assembly, winning 14 of the 32 seats.
During the presidential election campaign theLiberal Party divided into three factions; theChiarista Liberals (PLCh) led by former presidentRodolfo Chiari, the Liberal Doctrinaire Party supporting Harmodio Arias Madrid and theReform Liberals (PLR), led byFrancisco Arias Paredes ("don Pancho").[1] The Chiarists nominatedAugusto Samuel Boyd, the PLDo chose Arias Madrid, and the PLR selected Arias Paredes. However, shortly before the end of the campaign Boyd withdrew from the race and the PLCh backed the PLR's Arias Paredes.[1]
Although the 1931 revolt toppledFlorencio Harmodio Arosemena's administration, it had not removed the structural hegemony of the Panamanian elite, a condition that severely limited the new regime's effectiveness. Before Arosemena's ousting, followers of former presidentRodolfo Chiari controlled both the National Police and the electoral board. After the uprising, the Chiaristas still wielded considerable influence among the police and commanded a majority of votes on the electoral board.[2]
To prevent Chiari's followers from voting more than once, theAlfaro Jované administration requested American assistance in devising a plan to prevent multiple voting. The US provided the government with an indelible red dye to stamp voters' hands once they had cast their ballots. The voting results underscored the extent to which the insurgents now controlled the nation's electoral machinery. Although the Chiaristas figured out how to erase the ink and vote more than once, it did not prevent the Chiarista-backed candidate from winning.[2]
For the first time in the history of presidential elections in Panama, neither party requested American intervention.[3] with American interference deemed to have become undesirable to all factions and parties.[4]
| Candidate | Party | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Harmodio Arias Madrid | Liberal Doctrinaire Party | 39,533 | ||
| Francisco Arias Paredes | Liberal Renewal Party | 29,282 | ||
| Total | ||||
| Source: Nohlen[5] | ||||
| Party | Seats | +/– | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Liberal Doctrinaire Party | 14 | New | |
| PLR–PLCh | 11 | –19 | |
| Conservative Party | 5 | –6 | |
| Unionist Center Party | 1 | – | |
| Agrarian Party | 1 | 0 | |
| Total | 32 | –14 | |
| Source: Political Handbook of the World[1] | |||
| Presidential elections | |
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| Parliamentary elections | |
| Local elections | |
| Referendums | |
