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1906 United States House of Representatives elections

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House elections for the 60th U.S. Congress

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1906 United States House of Representatives elections

← 1904

November 6, 1906^[a]

1908 →

← outgoing members

elected members →

All 391 seats in theUnited States House of Representatives^[b]
196 seats needed for a majority

	Majority party	Minority party

Leader	Joseph Cannon	John Sharp Williams
Party	Republican	Democratic
Leader's seat	Illinois 18th	Mississippi 8th
Last election	251 seats	135 seats
Seats won	223^[1]^[2]	167^[1]^[2]
Seat change	28	32
Popular vote	5,695,735	4,866,899
Percentage	50.99%	43.57%
Swing	3.59pp	2.59pp

	Third party

Party	Independent
Last election	0 seats
Seats won	1^[c]
Seat change	1
Popular vote	40,264
Percentage	0.36%
Swing	0.20pp

Speaker before election

Joseph Cannon
Republican

ElectedSpeaker

Joseph Cannon
Republican

The1906 United States House of Representatives elections were held for the most part on November 6, 1906, with Oregon, Maine, and Vermont holding theirs early in either June or September. They occurred in the middle ofPresident Theodore Roosevelt's second term. Elections were held for 386 seats of theUnited States House of Representatives, representing 45 states, to serve in the60th United States Congress (Oklahoma would latergain statehood in 1907 and increase the House membership to 391).

As in many midterm elections, the President'sRepublican Party lost seats to the oppositionDemocratic Party, but retained a large overall majority. Dissatisfaction with working conditions and resentment towardunion busting among industrial laborers in theMid-Atlantic andMidwest caused these groups to turn out to the polls in large numbers in support of the Democratic Party. However, gains in these regions were not enough to remove the Republican majority or the firm support that the party held among themiddle class.

District	Incumbent			Results	Candidates
District	Senator	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Alaska Territory at-large	None (new seat)			New seat. New delegate elected August 14, 1906 to finish the current term. Democratic gain. Successor did not run for election to the next term;see below.	▌YFrank Hinman Waskey (Democratic) [data missing]
California 1	James Gillett	Republican	1902	Incumbent resigned. New member elected November 6, 1906. Republican hold.	▌YWilliam F. Englebright (Republican) [data missing]
Georgia 1	Rufus E. Lester	Democratic	1888	Incumbent died. New member elected November 6, 1906. Democratic hold.	▌YJames W. Overstreet (Democratic) [data missing]
Illinois 13	Robert R. Hitt	Republican	1882	Incumbent died September 20, 1906. New member elected November 6, 1906. Republican hold.	▌YFrank O. Lowden (Republican) [data missing]
Indiana 12	Newton W. Gilbert	Republican	1904	Incumbent resigned November 6, 1906, after being appointed judge of the court of first instance atManila, Philippines. New member elected November 6, 1906. Republican hold.	▌YClarence C. Gilhams (Republican) [data missing]
New York 8	Timothy Sullivan	Democratic	1902	Incumbent resigned July 27, 1906. New member elected November 6, 1906. Republican hold.	▌YDaniel J. Riordan (Democratic) [data missing]
Pennsylvania 2	Robert Adams Jr.	Republican	1893	Incumbent died June 1, 1906. New member elected November 6, 1906. Republican hold.	▌YJohn E. Reyburn (Republican) [data missing]
Pennsylvania 3	George A. Castor	Republican	1903	Incumbent died February 19, 1906. New member elected November 6, 1906. Republican hold.	▌YJ. Hampton Moore (Republican) [data missing]
Pennsylvania 12	George R. Patterson	Republican	1900	Incumbent died March 21, 1906. New member elected November 6, 1906. Republican hold.	▌YCharles N. Brumm (Republican) [data missing]
Virginia 5	Claude A. Swanson	Democratic	1892	Incumbent resigned January 30, 1906, after being electedGovernor of Virginia. New member elected November 6, 1906. Democratic hold.	▌YEdward W. Saunders (Democratic) 50.9% ▌John W. Simmons (Republican) 49.1%^[3]
Wisconsin 2	Henry C. Adams	Republican	1902	Incumbent died July 9, 1906. New member elected September 4, 1906. Republican hold.	▌YJohn M. Nelson (Republican) 60.9% ▌Grant Thomas (Primary Republican) 22.3% ▌Alvin L. Heim (Socialist) 11.8% ▌Albert C. DeForest (Prohibition) 5.0%^[4]
Massachusetts 3	Rockwood Hoar	Republican	1904	Incumbent died November 1, 1906. New member elected December 18, 1906. Republican hold.	▌YCharles G. Washburn (Republican) [data missing]

State	Type	Total seats	Democratic		Republican
State	Type	Total seats	Seats	Change	Seats	Change
Alabama	District	9	9		0
Arkansas	District	7	7		0
California	District	8	0		8
Colorado	District +at-large	3	0		3
Connecticut	District +at-large	5	0		5
Delaware	At-large	1	0		1
Florida	District	3	3		0
Georgia	District	11	11		0
Idaho	At-large	1	0		1
Illinois	District	25	5	4	20	4
Indiana	District	13	4	2	9	2
Iowa	District	11	1	1	10	1
Kansas	District^[e]	8	0		8
Kentucky	District	11	7	2	4	2
Louisiana	District	7	7		0
Maine^[f]	District	4	0		4
Maryland	District	6	3		3
Massachusetts	District	14	3		11
Michigan	District	12	0		12
Minnesota	District	9	1	1	8	1
Mississippi	District	8	8		0
Missouri	District	16	12	5	4	5
Montana	At-large	1	0		1
Nebraska	District	6	1	1	5	1
Nevada	At-large	1	1		0
New Hampshire	District	2	0		2
New Jersey	District	10	4	3	6	3
New York	District	37	11		26^[c]
North Carolina	District	10	10	1	0	1
North Dakota	District	2	0		2
Ohio	District	21	5	4	16	4
Oregon^[f]	District	2	0		2
Pennsylvania	District	32	7	6	25	6
Rhode Island	District	2	1		1
South Carolina	District	7	7		0
South Dakota	At-large	2	0		2
Tennessee	District	10	8		2
Texas	District	16	16		0
Utah	At-large	1	0		1
Vermont^[f]	District	2	0		2
Virginia	District	10	9		1
Washington	At-large	3	0		3
West Virginia	District	5	0		5
Wisconsin	District	11	2	1	9	1
Wyoming	At-large	1	0		1
Total^[b]		386	167 42.2%	27	223^[c] 57.8%	27

District	Incumbent			This race
District	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Alabama 1	George W. Taylor	Democratic	1896	Incumbent re-elected.	▌YGeorge W. Taylor (Democratic) 100%
Alabama 2	Ariosto A. Wiley	Democratic	1900	Incumbent re-elected.	▌YAriosto A. Wiley (Democratic) 88.9% ▌ J. C. Fonville (Republican) 11.1%
Alabama 3	Henry D. Clayton Jr.	Democratic	1896	Incumbent re-elected.	▌YHenry D. Clayton Jr. (Democratic) 100%
Alabama 4	Sydney J. Bowie	Democratic	1900	Incumbent retired. Democratic hold.	▌YWilliam Benjamin Craig (Democratic) 100%
Alabama 5	J. Thomas Heflin	Democratic	1904	Incumbent re-elected.	▌YJ. Thomas Heflin (Democratic) 100%
Alabama 6	John H. Bankhead	Democratic	1886	Incumbent lost renomination. Democratic hold.	▌YRichmond P. Hobson (Democratic) 100%
Alabama 7	John L. Burnett	Democratic	1898	Incumbent re-elected.	▌YJohn L. Burnett (Democratic) 62.7% ▌Charles Brents Kennamer (Republican) 37.3%
Alabama 8	William Richardson	Democratic	1900	Incumbent re-elected.	▌YWilliam Richardson (Democratic) 94.9% ▌ John T. Masterson (Republican) 5.1%
Alabama 9	Oscar Underwood	Democratic	1894	Incumbent re-elected.	▌YOscar Underwood (Democratic) 100%

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Result	Candidates
Florida 1	Stephen M. Sparkman	Democratic	1894	Incumbent re-elected.	▌YStephen M. Sparkman (Democratic) 86.5% ▌C. C. Allen (Socialist) 13.5%
Florida 2	Frank Clark	Democratic	1904	Incumbent re-elected.	▌YFrank Clark (Democratic) 88.2% ▌J. F. McClelland (Socialist) 11.8%
Florida 3	William B. Lamar	Democratic	1902	Incumbent re-elected.	▌YWilliam B. Lamar (Democratic) 93.4% ▌T. B. Meeker (Socialist) 6.6%

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Result	Candidates
Maryland 1	Thomas Alexander Smith	Democratic	1904	Incumbent lost re-election. Republican gain.	▌YWilliam H. Jackson (Republican) 51.5% ▌Thomas Alexander Smith (Democratic) 44.8% ▌John H. Dulany (Prohibition) 3.7%
Maryland 2	J. Frederick C. Talbott	Democratic	1902	Incumbent re-elected.	▌YJ. Frederick C. Talbott (Democratic) 50.2% ▌Robert Garrett (Republican) 46.7% ▌John S. Green (Prohibition) 1.8% ▌George A. Bauer (Socialist) 1.2%
Maryland 3	Frank C. Wachter	Republican	1898	Incumbent retired. Democratic gain.	▌YHarry B. Wolf (Democratic) 49.8% ▌William W. Johnson (Republican) 47.0% ▌Joseph P. Jarboe (Socialist) 2.0% ▌George R. Gorsuch (Prohibition) 1.2%
Maryland 4	John Gill Jr.	Democratic	1904	Incumbent re-elected.	▌YJohn Gill Jr. (Democratic) 50.7% ▌John V. L. Findlay (Republican) 45.9% ▌William M. Jett (Prohibition) 1.7% ▌Edward B. Steele (Socialist) 1.6%
Maryland 5	Sydney E. Mudd I	Republican	1896	Incumbent re-elected.	▌YSydney E. Mudd I (Republican) 53.7% ▌George M. Smith (Democratic) 42.8% ▌John S. Mathews (Socialist) 2.0% ▌William H. Silk (Prohibition) 1.6%
Maryland 6	George A. Pearre	Republican	1898	Incumbent re-elected.	▌YGeorge A. Pearre (Republican) 55.3% ▌Harvey R. Spessard (Democratic) 38.5% ▌Francis B. Sappington (Prohibition) 3.3% ▌Ira Culp (Socialist) 2.9%

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Result	Candidates
South Carolina 1	George Swinton Legaré	Democratic	1902	Incumbent re-elected.	▌YGeorge Swinton Legaré (Democratic) 99.3% ▌Aaron P. Prioleau (Republican) 0.7%
South Carolina 2	James O. Patterson	Democratic	1904	Incumbent re-elected.	▌YJames O. Patterson (Democratic) 95.3% ▌Isaac Myers (Republican) 4.7%
South Carolina 3	Wyatt Aiken	Democratic	1902	Incumbent re-elected.	▌YWyatt Aiken (Democratic) 100%
South Carolina 4	Joseph T. Johnson	Democratic	1900	Incumbent re-elected.	▌YJoseph T. Johnson (Democratic) 98.7% ▌David C. Gist (Republican) 0.9% Others 0.4%
South Carolina 5	David E. Finley	Democratic	1898	Incumbent re-elected.	▌YDavid E. Finley (Democratic) 100%
South Carolina 6	J. Edwin Ellerbe	Democratic	1904	Incumbent re-elected.	▌YJ. Edwin Ellerbe (Democratic) 100%
South Carolina 7	A. Frank Lever	Democratic	1901(special)	Incumbent re-elected.	▌YA. Frank Lever (Democratic) 97.6% ▌Aaron D. Dantzler (Republican) 2.4%

District	Incumbent			This race
District	Representative	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
New Mexico Territory at-large	William Henry Andrews	Republican	1904	Incumbent re-elected.	▌YWilliam Henry Andrews (Republican) ▌Octaviano Ambrosio Larrazolo (Democratic)^[47]

v t e (1905 ←) 1906 United States elections (→ 1907)
U.S. Senate	Arkansas Delaware (special) Kentucky Mississippi Virginia
U.S. House	Alabama Alaska Territory Arizona Territory Arkansas California 1st sp Colorado Connecticut Delaware Florida Georgia 1st sp Hawaii Territory Idaho Illinois 13th sp Indiana 12th sp Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts 3rd sp Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico Territory New York 8th sp North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Territory Oregon Pennsylvania 2nd sp 3rd sp 12th sp Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Virginia 5th sp Washington West Virginia Wisconsin 2nd sp Wyoming
Governors	Alabama Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Georgia Idaho Iowa Kansas Maine Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Lt. Gov Nebraska Lt. Gov Nevada New Hampshire New York North Dakota Oregon Pennsylvania Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas Vermont Wisconsin Wyoming
State legislatures	Iowa Senate Minnesota Senate
Mayors	Los Angeles, CA Manchester, NH
State-wide	New York Wyoming
State judicial	Wisconsin Supreme Court

↓
167	1	223
Democratic	^[d]	Republican

House seats

Republican			57.03%
Democratic			42.71%
Independent			0.26%

District	Incumbent			This race
District	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates^[8]
Connecticut 1	E. Stevens Henry	Republican	1894	Incumbent re-elected.	▌YE. Stevens Henry (Republican) 55.4% ▌Benedict M. Holden (Democratic) 38.5% Others ▌August Beutter (Socialist) 1.9% ▌Walter S. MacIntire (Prohibition) 1.4% ▌Jacob Kumpitch (Soc. Labor) 0.2%
Connecticut 2	Nehemiah D. Sperry	Republican	1894	Incumbent re-elected.	▌YNehemiah D. Sperry (Republican) 52.5% ▌George M. Wallace (Democratic) 42.9% ▌Arsene Babin (Socialist) 2.8% Others ▌Charles Wissert (Prohibition) 0.6% ▌Charles G. Sundberg (Soc. Labor) 0.1%
Connecticut 3	Edwin W. Higgins	Republican	1905(special)	Incumbent re-elected.	▌YEdwin W. Higgins (Republican) 57.3% ▌Amer La Rue (Democratic) 40.9% Others ▌James I. Bartholomew (Prohibition) 1.1% ▌Charles E. Sheldon (Socialist) 0.5% ▌Amedie B. Lafreniere (Soc. Labor) 0.2%
Connecticut 4	Ebenezer J. Hill	Republican	1894	Incumbent re-elected.	▌YEbenezer J. Hill (Republican) 57.0% ▌Homer S. Beers (Democratic) 40.8% Others ▌Harry G. Manchester (Prohibition) 1.0% ▌Charles T. Peach (Socialist) 1.0% ▌John C. Custer (Soc. Labor) 0.1%
Connecticut at-large	George L. Lilley	Republican	1904	Incumbent re-elected.	▌YGeorge L. Lilley (Republican) 54.8% ▌Charles J. Donahue (Democratic) 42.1% Others ▌Burton E. Leavitt (Socialist) 1.8% ▌Duane N. Griffin (Prohibition) 1.1% ▌Alfred Johnson (Soc. Labor) 0.2%

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