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1904 United States House of Representatives elections

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House elections for the 59th U.S. Congress

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1904 United States House of Representatives elections

← 1902

November 8, 1904^[a]

1906 →

All 386 seats in theUnited States House of Representatives
194 seats needed for a majority

	Majority party	Minority party

Leader	Joseph Cannon	John Sharp Williams
Party	Republican	Democratic
Leader's seat	Illinois 18th	Mississippi 8th
Last election	206 seats	176 seats
Seats won	251^[1]^[2]	135^[1]^[2]
Seat change	45	41
Popular vote	7,173,481	5,386,523
Percentage	54.58%	40.98%
Swing	4.77pp	4.02pp

	Third party

Party	Independent
Last election	4 seats
Seats won	0
Seat change	4
Popular vote	21,402
Percentage	0.16%
Swing	0.40pp

Results
Democratic gain Republican gain
Democratic hold Republican hold

Speaker before election

Joseph Gurney Cannon
Republican

ElectedSpeaker

Joseph Gurney Cannon
Republican

The1904 United States House of Representatives elections were held for the most part on November 8, 1904, with Oregon, Maine, and Vermont holding theirs early in either June or September. They coincided with the election to a full term ofPresident Theodore Roosevelt. Elections were held for 386 seats of theUnited States House of Representatives, representing 45 states, to serve in the59th United States Congress.

Roosevelt's popularity swept manyRepublican house candidates into office, cementing their majority over the oppositionDemocratic Party. Because Roosevelt came from a liberal wing of the Republican Party, his ideology was prevalent among freshman representatives. Progressive Republicanism mobilized a new base of support and proved to be especially popular among theProtestant middle-class workers who held jobs in business or in the front offices of industrial facilities.

State	Type	Total seats	Republican		Democratic
State	Type	Total seats	Seats	Change	Seats	Change
Alabama	District	9	0		9
Arkansas	District	7	0		7
California	District	8	8	3	0	3
Colorado	District +at-large	3	3	1	0
Connecticut	District +at-large	5	5		0
Delaware	At-large	1	1	1	0	1
Florida	District	3	0		3
Georgia	District	11	0		11
Idaho	At-large	1	1		0
Illinois	District	25	24	7	1	7
Indiana	District	13	11	2	2	2
Iowa	District	11	11	1	0
Kansas	District +at-large	8	8		0
Kentucky	District	11	2	1	9	1
Louisiana	District	7	0		7
Maine^[b]	District	4	4		0
Maryland	District	6	3	1	3	1
Massachusetts	District	14	11	1	3	1
Michigan	District	12	12	1	0	1
Minnesota	District	9	9	1	0	1
Mississippi	District	8	0		8
Missouri	District	16	10	9	6	9
Montana	At-large	1	1		0
Nebraska	District	6	6	1	0	1
Nevada	At-large	1	0		1
New Hampshire	District	2	2		0
New Jersey	District	10	9	2	1	2
New York	District	37	26	6	11	6
North Carolina	District	10	1	1	9	1
North Dakota	District	2	2		0
Ohio	District	21	20	3	1	3
Oregon^[b]	District	2	2		0
Pennsylvania	District	32	31	3	1	3
Rhode Island	District	2	1		1
South Carolina	District	7	0		7
South Dakota	At-large	2	2		0
Tennessee	District	10	2		8
Texas	District	16	0		16
Utah	At-large	1	1		0
Vermont^[b]	District	2	2		0
Virginia	District	10	1		9
Washington	At-large	3	3		0
West Virginia	District	5	5		0
Wisconsin	District	11	10		1
Wyoming	At-large	1	1		0
Total		386	251 65.0%	41	135 35.0%	41

District	Incumbent			This race
District	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
South Carolina 2	George W. Croft	Democratic	1902	Incumbent died March 10, 1904. New member elected May 17, 1904. Winner was not a candidate for the next term;see below.	▌YJames O. Patterson (Democratic) [data missing]
California 3	Victor H. Metcalf	Republican	1898	Incumbent resigned July 1, 1904 to becomeU.S. Secretary of Commerce and Labor. New member elected November 8, 1904. Republican hold. Winner was also elected to the next term;see below.	▌YJoseph R. Knowland (Republican) 77.5% ▌Henry C. McPike (Democratic) 22.5%^[3]
Ohio 19

District	Incumbent			This race
District	Delegate	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates^[47]
Oklahoma Territory at-large	Bird S. McGuire	Republican	1902	Incumbent re-elected.	▌YBird S. McGuire (Republican) 47.14% ▌Frank Mathews (Democratic) 45.69% ▌A. S. Loudermilk (Socialist) 4.07% ▌R. E. Straughan (Populist) 1.68% ▌Charles Brown (Prohibition) 1.42%

v t e (1903 ←) 1904 United States elections (→ 1905)
U.S. President	Alabama Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware Florida Georgia Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New York North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oregon Pennsylvania Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming
U.S. Senate	Louisiana Maryland Mississippi Ohio Ohio (Special) Vermont Virginia
U.S. House of Representatives	Alabama Arkansas California 3rd sp Colorado Connecticut Delaware Florida Georgia Hawaii Territory Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New York 12th sp North Carolina North Dakota Ohio 19th sp Oklahoma Territory Oregon Pennsylvania 3rd sp Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming
Gubernatorial	Arkansas Colorado Connecticut Delaware Florida Georgia Idaho Illinois Lt. Gov Indiana Kansas Louisiana Maine Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Lt. Gov Missouri Montana Nebraska Lt. Gov New Hampshire New Jersey New York North Carolina North Dakota Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming (special)
Mayors	Los Angeles Manchester, NH
General	Alabama Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware Florida Georgia Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New York North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Territory Oregon Pennsylvania Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming

↓
135	251
Democratic	Republican

District	Incumbent			This race
District	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
California 1	James Gillett	Republican	1902	Incumbent re-elected.	▌YJames Gillett (Republican) 54.1% ▌Anthony Caminetti (Democratic) 39.3% ▌A. J. Gaylord (Socialist) 5.5% ▌Jarrot Laban Rollins (Prohibition) 1.1%
California 2	Theodore A. Bell	Democratic	1902	Incumbent lost re-election. Republican gain.	▌YDuncan E. McKinlay (Republican) 49.2% ▌Theodore A. Bell (Democratic) 46.6% ▌J. H. White (Socialist) 3.3% ▌Eli P. LaCell (Prohibition) 0.9%
California 3	Victor H. Metcalf	Republican	1898	Incumbent resigned July 1, 1904 to becomeU.S. Secretary of Commerce and Labor. Republican hold. Winner was also elected to finish the current term; see above.	▌YJoseph R. Knowland (Republican) 68.6% ▌Henry C. McPike (Democratic) 20.1% ▌M. Lesser (Socialist) 10.1% ▌Bates Morris (Prohibition) 1.3%
California 4	Edward J. Livernash	Democratic	1902	Incumbent lost re-election. Republican gain.	▌YJulius Kahn (Republican) 56.8% ▌Edward J. Livernash (Democratic) 36.4% ▌William Costley (Socialist) 6.4% ▌Hubert R. Chapin (Prohibition) 0.4%
California 5	William J. Wynn	Democratic	1902	Incumbent lost re-election. Republican gain.	▌YEveris A. Hayes (Republican) 52.3% ▌William J. Wynn (Democratic) 39.7% ▌Frank R. Whitney (Socialist) 5% ▌Charles J. Williams (Union Labor) 2% ▌George B. Pratt (Prohibition) 1%
California 6	James C. Needham	Republican	1898	Incumbent re-elected.	▌YJames C. Needham (Republican) 55.1% ▌William M. Conley (Democratic) 38.3% ▌J. L. Cobb (Socialist) 4.5% ▌Joel H. Smith (Prohibition) 2.2%
California 7	James McLachlan	Republican	1900	Incumbent re-elected.	▌YJames McLachlan (Republican) 44.8% ▌Benjamin J. Cloes (Populist) 30.3% ▌W. O. Morton (Democratic) 16.2% ▌Frank I. Wheat (Socialist) 5.2% ▌John Sobieski (Prohibition) 3.6%
California 8	Milton J. Daniels	Republican	1902	Incumbent retired. Republican hold.	▌YSylvester C. Smith (Republican) 55.6% ▌Charles A. Barlow (Democratic) 34.5% ▌Noble A. Richardson (Socialist) 9.9%

District	Incumbent			This race
District	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates^[4]
Colorado 1	Robert W. Bonynge	Republican	1902(contest)	Incumbent re-elected.	▌YRobert W. Bonynge (Republican) 51.0% ▌Clay B. Whitford (Democratic) 45.6% Others ▌William C. Johnston (Prohibition) 2.0% ▌Otto Q. Beckworth (Unknown) 1.1% ▌John J. Bradley (Unknown) 0.3%
Colorado 2	Herschel M. Hogg	Republican	1902	Incumbent re-elected.	▌YHerschel M. Hogg (Republican) 52.0% ▌Joseph H. Maupin (Democratic) 44.7% Others ▌Isaac Tarkoff (Socialist) 1.9% ▌Edward S. Whitlock (Prohibition) 1.2% ▌Alexander Coleman (Populist) 0.3%
Colorado at-large	Franklin E. Brooks	Republican	1902	Incumbent re-elected.	▌YFranklin E. Brooks (Republican) 50.2% ▌Joseph H. Maupin (Democratic) 46.5% Others ▌Forrest Woodside (Socialist) 1.5% ▌William H. McClure (Prohibition) 1.5% ▌Robert H. Northcott (Populist) 0.3%

District	Incumbent			This race
District	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates^[5]
Connecticut 1	E. Stevens Henry	Republican	1894	Incumbent re-elected.	▌YE. Stevens Henry (Republican) 56.9% ▌J. Howard Morse (Democratic) 39.3% Others ▌Rodney E. Richardson (Socialist) 2.3% ▌Leon C. Pinney (Prohibition) 0.9% ▌Charles F. Roberts (Soc. Labor) 0.4% ▌Charles F. Michael (Populist) 0.3
Connecticut 2	Nehemiah D. Sperry	Republican	1894	Incumbent re-elected.	▌YNehemiah D. Sperry (Republican) 56.9% ▌Louis A. Fisk (Democratic) 38.1% ▌Eugene Toomey (Socialist) 3.7% Others ▌George W. Banks (Prohibition) 0.6% ▌Frederick Gay (Populist) 0.3% ▌Michael J. Bumstead (Soc. Labor) 0.3%
Connecticut 3	Frank B. Brandegee	Republican	1902(special)	Incumbent re-elected.	▌YFrank B. Brandegee (Republican) 60.2% ▌Abel P. Tanner (Democratic) 37.7% Others ▌William Woodward (Prohibition) 1.1% ▌C. Irwin Barstow (Socialist) 0.8% ▌Amedie B. Lafreniere (Soc. Labor) 0.3%
Connecticut 4	Ebenezer J. Hill	Republican	1894	Incumbent re-elected.	▌YEbenezer J. Hill (Republican) 59.2% ▌Edward F. Hallen (Democratic) 38.6% Others ▌James Fitzgerald (Socialist) 1.2% ▌George H. Wallace (Prohibition) 0.7% ▌Everett King (Soc. Labor) 0.4%
Connecticut at-large	None (new seat)			New seat. Republican gain.	▌YGeorge L. Lilley (Republican) 57.0% ▌William Kennedy (Democratic) 39.4% ▌Charles T. Peach (Socialist) 2.3% Others ▌Henry B. Brown (Prohibition) 0.8% ▌William Daly (Soc. Labor) 0.3% ▌Austin B. Fuller (Populist) 0.2%

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See also

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