Calendar year
1901 by topic Subject By country Lists of leaders Birth and death categories Establishments and disestablishments categories Works category
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1901 .
1901 (MCMI ) was acommon year starting on Tuesday of theGregorian calendar and acommon year starting on Monday of theJulian calendar , the 1901st year of theCommon Era (CE) andAnno Domini 2nd millennium , the 1st year of the20th century , and the 2nd year of the1900s decade. As of the start of 1901, the Gregorian calendar was 13 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923.
Calendar year
December 13 of this year is the beginning of signed32-bit Unix time , and is scheduled to end inJanuary 19, 2038 .
Political and military [ edit ] 1901 started with theunification of multipleBritish colonies in Australia on January 1 to form theCommonwealth of Australia after areferendum in1900 , Subsequently, the1901 Australian election would see the firstAustralian prime minister ,Edmund Barton . On the same day, Nigeria became aBritish protectorate .
Following this, theVictorian Era would come to an end afterQueen Victoria died on January 22 after a reign of 63 years and 216 days, which waslonger than those of any of her predecessors , Her son,Edward VII , succeeded her to the throne.
January 1: TheCommonwealth of Australia forms asBritish colonies federate . January 22: KingEdward VII ascends theBritish throne . January 1 January 9 –Lord Kitchener reports thatChristiaan de Wet has shot one of the "peace" envoys, and flogged two more, who had gone to his commando to ask the Burgher citizens of South Africa to halt fighting.[ 1] January 22 –Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom dies atOsborne House on theIsle of Wight . She is 81 years old and, having ruled for nearly 64 years, will be the second longest-reigning monarch inBritish history .[ 2] Prince of Wales to this time, succeeds his mother at the age of 59, reigning asKing Edward VII , of theUnited Kingdom and in innovation theBritish Dominions and also becomingEmperor of India .[ 3] January 31 –Anton Chekhov 's playThree Sisters Tri sestry ) is premiered at theMoscow Art Theatre .[ 4] March 6:Wilhelm II, German Emperor , survives an assassination attempt. June 12:Cuba becomes a United Statesprotectorate . September 6 : US PresidentWilliam McKinley is shot and fatally wounded.September 7: TheBoxer Rebellion in China ends with the signing of thePeking Protocol . Ngô Đình Diệm Fulgencio Batista January 1 –George of Drama , GreekOrthodox priest, elder and saint (d.1959 )January 3 –Ngô Đình Diệm , 1st president of South Vietnam (d.1963 )January 4 –C. L. R. James , Trinidad-born writer, journalist (d.1989 )January 7 –Teodora Fracasso , ItalianRoman Catholic religious professed (d.1927 )January 9 –Vilma Bánky , Hungarian-born American actress (d.1991 )January 10 –Henning von Tresckow , German Wehrmacht Major General (d.1944 )January 11 –Kwon Ki-ok , Korean pilot (d.1988 )January 13 January 14 January 16 –Fulgencio Batista , Cuban leader (d.1973 )January 17 –Susana Calandrelli , Argentine writer and teacher (d.1978 )January 22 –Alberto Hurtado , ChileanJesuit priest and saint (d.1952 )January 25 –Mildred Dunnock , American actress (d.1991 )January 27 –Art Rooney , American football team owner (d.1988 )January 29 –E. P. Taylor , Canadian business tycoon (d.1989 )January 30 Clark Gable Mohamed Naguib Linus Pauling February 1 February 2 –Jascha Heifetz , Lithuanian violinist (d.1987 )[ 19] February 3 –Arvid Wallman , Swedish diver (d.1982 )[ 20] February 9 February 10 –Stella Adler , American actress, acting teacher (d.1992 )February 15 –Kenneth Callow , British biochemist (d.1983 )February 16 –Chester Morris , American actor (d.1970 )February 20 –Mohammed Naguib , 30thPrime Minister of Egypt and 1stPresident of Egypt (d.1984 )February 25 –Zeppo Marx , American comedian (d.1979 )February 28 –Linus Pauling , American chemist, recipient of theNobel Prize in Chemistry andPeace (d.1994 )[ 22] Eisaku Satō René Pleven EmperorHirohito Gary Cooper May 3 –Gino Cervi , Italian actor (d.1974 )May 7 –Gary Cooper , American actor (d.1961 )May 11 –Rose Ausländer , German poet (d.1988 )May 13 –Witold Pilecki , Polish resistance leader (executed1948 )May 17 –Werner Egk , German composer (d.1983 )[ 25] May 18 –Vincent du Vigneaud , American chemist,Nobel Prize laureate (d.1978 )May 20 –Max Euwe , Dutch chess player (d.1981 )May 21 May 30 –Mieczysław Fogg , Polish singer and artist (d.1990 )May 31 –Alfredo Antonini , Italian-born American conductor and composer (d.1983 )Zhang Xueliang Sukarno June 1 –Tom Gorman , Australian rugby league footballer (d.1978 )June 3 –Zhang Xueliang , Chinese military leader (d.2001 )June 6 –Sukarno , 1st president of Indonesia (d.1970 )June 7 –Hugo Ballivián , Bolivian military officer, 44thPresident of Bolivia (d.1993 )June 13 –Tage Erlander , Swedish politician, 25th prime minister of Sweden (d.1985 )June 16 –Henri Lefebvre , French Marxist philosopher, sociologist (d.1991 )June 18 June 23 –Chuck Taylor , American basketball player, salesman (d.1969 )June 24 June 26 –Stuart Symington , American politician (d.1988 )June 27 –Merle Tuve , American physicist (d.1982 )June 29 –Nelson Eddy , American singer, actor (d.1967 )[ 27] Barbara Cartland Louis Armstrong Ernest Lawrence Maxwell D. Taylor Hendrik Verwoerd Enrico Fermi September 2 September 4 –William Lyons , British automobile engineer, designer (d.1985 )September 5 –Mario Scelba , 33rd prime minister of Italy (d.1991 )September 7 –Abdallah El-Yafi , 7-time prime minister of Lebanon (d.1986 )September 8 –Hendrik Verwoerd , 6th prime minister of South Africa (d.1966 )September 14 –Gulbrand Lunde , Norwegian chemist and politician, Nazi collaborator (d.1942 )[ 28] September 15 –Sir Donald Bailey , British civil engineer (d.1985 )September 16 –Andrée Brunet , French pair skater (d.1993 )September 17 – SirFrancis Chichester , British sailor (d.1972 )September 21 –Learie Constantine , Trinidad-born cricketer and race relations campaigner (d.1971 )September 22 –Charles Brenton Huggins , Canadian-born cancer researcher, recipient of theNobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d.1997 )September 23 –Jaroslav Seifert , Czech writer,Nobel Prize laureate (d.1986 )September 25 –Robert Bresson , French film director (d.1999 )September 26 –George Raft , American film actor (d.1980 )September 28 September 29 Alice Prin Leopold III of Belgium Fernando Tambroni November 2 –James Dunn , American actor (d.1967 )November 3 November 4 –Yi Bangja , Crown Princess of Korea (d.1989 )November 8 –Xu Xiangqian , Communist military leader in the People's Republic of China, defense minister (d.1990 )November 11 November 17 –Lee Strasberg , Polish-born American actor, acting teacher and co-founder ofmethod acting (d.1982 )November 18 –George Gallup , American statistician, opinion pollster (d.1984 )November 22 November 25 –Fernando Tambroni , Italian politician, 36thPrime Minister of Italy (d.1963 )[ 29] November 28 November 29 –Mildred Harris , American actress (d.1944 )Walt Disney Marlene Dietrich Queen Victoria Giuseppe Verdi KingMilan of Serbia Benjamin Harrison Mariano Ignacio Prado Marthinus Wessel Pretorius January 1 –Ignatius L. Donnelly , American politician and writer (b.1831 )January 8 –John Barry , Irish recipient of the Victoria Cross (b.1873 )January 10 – SirJames Dickson , Premier of Queensland, Australian Minister for Defence (b.1832 )January 11 –Vasily Kalinnikov , Russian composer (b.1866 )January 14 –Víctor Balaguer , Spanish politician, author (b.1824 )January 16 January 17 January 19 –Albert, 4th duc de Broglie , French politician, 28thPrime Minister of France (b.1821 )January 21 –Elisha Gray , American inventor, appliance manufacturer (b.1835 )January 22 –Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom, Empress of India (b.1819 )January 27 –Giuseppe Verdi , Italian composer (b.1813 )January 28 –Iosif Gurko , Russian field marshal (b.1828 )February 7 –Ana Betancourt , Cuban national heroine (b.1832 )February 10 –Max von Pettenkofer , Bavarian chemist and hygienist (b.1818 )[ 33] February 11 February 14 –Sir Edward Stafford , Scottish-New Zealand educator, politician and 3rdPrime Minister of New Zealand (b.1819 )February 22 –George Francis FitzGerald , Irish mathematician (b.1851 )February 26 –Lucyna Ćwierczakiewiczowa , Polish writer (b.1829 )May 1 –Lewis Waterman , American inventor, businessman (b.1837 )May 4 –Fritz Mayer van den Bergh , Belgian art collector and art historian (b.1858 )May 5 –Mariano Ignacio Prado , Peruvian general and statesman, twice President of Peru (b.1825 )[ 35] May 7 –Dimitar Grekov , 10thPrime Minister of Bulgaria (b.1847 )May 19 –Marthinus Wessel Pretorius , 1stPresident of South Africa (b.1819 )[ 36] May 21 –Sir John Commerell , British admiral of the fleet (b.1829 )May 22 –Gaetano Bresci , Italian anarchist and assassin (b.1869 )May 24 –Charlotte Mary Yonge , English novelist (b.1823 )May 31 –Ernest de Sarzec , French archeologist (b.1832 )June 2 –George Leslie Mackay , Canadian missionary (b.1844 )June 4 –Charlotte Fowler Wells , American phrenologist (b.1814 )June 9 June 13 –Leopoldo Alas, 'Clarín' , Spanish novelist (b.1852 )June 16 –Herman Grimm , German historian (b.1828 )June 21 –Anthony Hoskins , British admiral (b.1828 )June 25 –Alexandru Candiano-Popescu , Romanian general, lawyer, journalist, and poet (b.1841 )Francesco Crispi Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec William McKinley Emanuella Carlbeck September 9 –Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec , French painter (b.1864 )September 10 –Emanuella Carlbeck , Swedish educator and social reformer (b.1829 )[ 39] September 14 –William McKinley , 25thPresident of the United States (assassinated ) (b.1843 )September 15 – SirJoseph Palmer Abbott , Australian politician and solicitor (b.1842 )September 25 –Sir Arthur Fremantle , British army general (b.1835 )October 1 –Abdur Rahman Khan , Emir of Afghanistan (b.1844 )October 10 –Lorenzo Snow , 5th president ofThe Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (b.1814 )October 15 –Carlos María Fitz-James Stuart, 16th Duke of Alba , Spanish aristocrat (b.1849 )October 19 –Carl Frederik Tietgen , Danish financier, industrialist (b.1829 )October 28 –Paul Rée , German author and philosopher (b.1849 )October 29 Significance of 1901 for software [ edit ] The date of Friday December 13 20:45:52 1901 is significant for modern computers because it is the earliest date representable with a signed32-bit integer on systems that reference time in seconds since theUnix epoch . This corresponds to −2147483648 seconds from Thursday January 1 00:00:00 1970. Software that depends on this representation cannot represent an earlier date.
Similarly, many computer systems suffer from theyear 2038 problem , when the positive number of seconds since 1970 exceeds 2147483647 (01111111 11111111 11111111 11111111 in binary) and, if represented as a signed 32-bit integer, wraps to −2147483648, representing Friday December 13 20:45:52 1901. In a way, theyear 2038 problem for using signed 32-bit integers with January 1, 1970, as the zero date is as theyear 2000 problem was for software using two-digit decimal integers with January 1, 1900, as the zero date.
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