1886 United States House of Representatives elections

← 1884 June 7, 1886 – November 2, 1886[a] 1888 →
All 325 seats in theUnited States House of Representatives 163 seats needed for a majority
Majority party Minority party   Leader John G. Carlisle Thomas Brackett Reed Party Democratic Republican Leader's seat Kentucky 6th Maine 1st Last election 182 seats 141 seats Seats won 167[1] 152[1] Seat change 15 11 Popular vote 4,126,909 3,858,355 Percentage 48.12% 44.99% Swing 1.93pp 2.14pp   Third party Fourth party   Party Labor Greenback Last election 0 seats 1 seat Seats won 2[1] 1[1] Seat change 2 Popular vote 92,851 32,358 Percentage 1.08% 0.38% Swing New party 0.69pp   Fifth party   Party Independent Last election 1 seat[b] Seats won 3[c] Seat change 2 Popular vote 178,314 Percentage 2.08% Swing 1.28pp
Results   Democratic gain   Democratic hold   Republican gain   Republican hold   Labor gain   Independent gain   Greenback hold
Speaker before election John G. Carlisle Democratic ElectedSpeaker John G. Carlisle Democratic

The1886 United States House of Representatives elections were held for the most part on November 2, 1886, with three states holding theirs early between June and September. They occurred in the middle ofPresidentGrover Cleveland's first term. Elections were held for 325 seats of theUnited States House of Representatives, representing 38 states, to serve in the50th United States Congress. Special elections were also held throughout the year.^[2]

As in many midterm elections, the President's party lost seats to the opposition, in this case,Democrats lost seats toRepublicans, although a narrow majority was retained. Many of these Republican pickups were in the industrializingMidwest states, where the debate over tariffs, which were advocated by Republicans to protect domestic industry but opposed by Democrats to allow for free agricultural trade, led to political change. The smallLabor Party, supported by industrial workers, gained one seat each inVirginia andWisconsin, while theGreenback Party maintained its one seat inIowa (James B. Weaver). OneIndependent was also elected inNorth Carolina.

State	Type	Total seats	Democratic		Republican		Others
			Seats	Change	Seats	Change	Seats	Change
Alabama	District	8	8		0		0
Arkansas	District	5	5		0		0
California	District	6	2	1	4	1	0
Colorado	At-large	1	0		1		0
Connecticut	District	4	2		2		0
Delaware	At-large	1	1		0		0
Florida	District	2	2		0		0
Georgia	District	10	10		0		0
Illinois	District	20	6	4	14	4	0
Indiana	District	13	6	3	7	3	0
Iowa	District	11	1	2	9[e]	2	1[f]
Kansas	District	7	0		7[e]		0
Kentucky	District	11	8	2	3	2	0
Louisiana	District	6	6	1	0	1	0
Maine	District	4	0		4		0
Maryland	District	6	5		1		0
Massachusetts	District	12	4	2	8	2	0
Michigan	District	11	5	2	6	2	0
Minnesota	District	5	3	3	2	3	0
Mississippi	District	7	7		0		0
Missouri	District	14	12		2		0
Nebraska	District	3	1	1	2	1	0
Nevada	At-large	1	0		1		0
New Hampshire	District	2	1	1	1	1	0
New Jersey	District	7	2	1	5	1	0
New York	District	34	16	1	18	1	0
North Carolina	District	9	7	1	1		1	1
Ohio	District	21	6	5	15	5	0
Oregon	At-large	1	0		1		0
Pennsylvania	District + at-large	28	8		20		0
Rhode Island	District	2	0		2		0
South Carolina	District	7	7	1	0	1	0
Tennessee	District	10	8	1	2	1	0
Texas	District	11	11		0		0
Vermont	District	2	0		2		0
Virginia	District	10	3	5	6	5	1[g]	1
West Virginia	District	4	3		1		0
Wisconsin	District	9	1	1	7		1[g]	1
Total		325	167[1] 51.4%	16	154[1][c] 47.4%	13	4[1] 1.2%	3

There were 2Labor and 1Independent members elected, and 1Greenback member re-elected. The previous election saw just the Greenback elected.

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In all the states except three, elections were held November 2, 1886. Those three states, with 7 seats among them, held elections:

• June 7, 1886:Oregon
• September 7, 1886:Vermont
• September 10, 1886:Maine

SeeNon-voting delegates, below.

SeeNon-voting delegates, below.

SeeNon-voting delegates, below.

SeeNon-voting delegates, below.

SeeNon-voting delegates, below.

SeeNon-voting delegates, below.

SeeNon-voting delegates, below.

Wisconsin elected nine members of congress on Election Day, November 2, 1886.^[48][49]

SeeNon-voting delegates, below.

• 1886 United States elections
  • 1886–87 United States Senate elections
• 49th United States Congress
• 50th United States Congress

• Dubin, Michael J. (March 1, 1998).United States Congressional Elections, 1788-1997: The Official Results of the Elections of the 1st Through 105th Congresses. McFarland and Company.ISBN 978-0786402830.
• Martis, Kenneth C. (January 1, 1989).The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress, 1789-1989. Macmillan Publishing Company.ISBN 978-0029201701.
• Moore, John L., ed. (1994).Congressional Quarterly's Guide to U.S. Elections (Third ed.). Congressional Quarterly Inc.ISBN 978-0871879967.
• "Party Divisions of the House of Representatives* 1789–Present". Office of the Historian, House of United States House of Representatives. RetrievedJanuary 21, 2015.

• Office of the Historian (Office of Art & Archives, Office of the Clerk, U.S. House of Representatives)

• 1886 United States House of Representatives elections
• Presidencies of Grover Cleveland
• James S. Sherman

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