This article is about the year 1885. For M-1885, see
Model 1885 .
Calendar year
1885 by topic Humanities By country Other topics Lists of leaders Birth and death categories Establishments and disestablishments categories Works category
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1885 .
1885 (MDCCCLXXXV ) was acommon year starting on Thursday of theGregorian calendar and acommon year starting on Tuesday of theJulian calendar , the 1885th year of theCommon Era (CE) andAnno Domini 2nd millennium , the 85th year of the19th century , and the 6th year of the1880s decade. As of the start of 1885, the Gregorian calendar was 12 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923.
Calendar year
February 21 :Washington Monument dedicated.TheReitwagen September 2 – TheRock Springs massacre occurs inRock Springs, Wyoming ; 150 white miners attack their Chinese coworkers, killing 28, wounding 15, and forcing several hundred more out of town.September 6 –Eastern Rumelia declares its union with Bulgaria, completing the unification of Bulgaria.September 8 –Saint Thomas Academy is founded inMinnesota .September 12 –Arbroath FC defeatsBon Accord FC ,36-0, in the highest score ever in professional football .September 15 – A train wreck of theP. T. Barnum Circus kills giant elephantJumbo , atSt. Thomas, Ontario .September 18 – The union ofEastern Rumelia withBulgaria is proclaimed atPlovdiv .September 30 – A British force abolishes theBoer republic ofStellaland , and adds it toBritish Bechuanaland . TheBenz Patent-Motorwagen , built in 1885 Karl Benz produces theBenz Patent-Motorwagen , regarded as the firstautomobile (patented and publicly launched the following year).[ 11] John Kemp Starley demonstrates theRover safety bicycle , regarded as the first practical modern bicycle.[ 12] TheHome Insurance Building in Chicago, designed byWilliam Le Baron Jenney , is completed. With ten floors and a fireproof weight-bearing metal frame, it is regarded as the firstskyscraper .[ 13] Bicycle Playing Cards are first produced.TheSoldiers' and Sailors' Families Association is established in the United Kingdom, to provide charitable assistance. Camp Dudley , the oldest continually running boys' camp in the United States, is founded.John Ormsby publishes his new English translation ofDon Quixote Michigan Technological University (originally Michigan Mining School) opens its doors for the first time, in the future Houghton County Fire Hall.Chuo Law College, as predecessor ofChuo University , founded inKanda ,Tokyo , Japan.[page needed BeforeNovember 1 – More than 24,000 Christians killed, 225 churches burnt, seventeenorphanages and ten convents destroyed inCochinchina , now known asVietnam .[ 14]
John Curtin Claude Fuess January 1 –Winifred Greenwood , American silent film actress (d.1961 )January 6 –Florence Turner , American actress (d.1946 )January 8 –John Curtin , 14thPrime Minister of Australia (d.1945 )January 11 January 12 January 14 –Constantin Sănătescu , 44th prime minister of Romania (d.1947 )January 16 –Zhou Zuoren , Chinese writer (d.1967 )January 17 –Nikolaus von Falkenhorst , German general and war criminal (d.1968 )January 21 –Umberto Nobile , Italian aviator and explorer (d.1978 )January 25 –Roy Geiger , American general (d.1947 )January 26 –Harry Ricardo , English mechanical engineer, engine pioneer (d.1974 )January 27 January 28 –Władysław Raczkiewicz ,President of Poland (d.1947 )January 30 –John Henry Towers , U. S.admiral and naval aviation pioneer (d.1955 )Bess Truman February 1 –Friedrich Kellner , German diarist (d.1970 )February 7 February 9 –Alban Berg , Austrian composer (d.1935 )February 10 –Rupert Downes , Australian general (d.1945 )February 13 February 14 –Zengo Yoshida , Japanese admiral (d.1966 )February 15 –Abraham Grünbaum (activist) , German Jewish activist. (d.1921 )February 21 –Sacha Guitry , Russian-born French dramatist, writer, director, and actor (d.1957 )[ 16] February 22 –Pat Sullivan , Australian-born American director, animated film producer (d.1933 )February 24 February 25 –Princess Alice of Battenberg (d.1969 )[ 18] February 26 –Aleksandras Stulginskis , President of Lithuania (d.1969 )Clementine Churchill Otto Klemperer May 2 –Hedda Hopper , American columnist (d.1966 )May 5 –Agustín Barrios , Paraguayan guitarist, composer (d.1944 )May 7 –George "Gabby" Hayes , American actor (d.1969 )May 8 –Thomas B. Costain , Canadian author and journalist (d.1965 )[ 20] May 9 –Eduard C. Lindeman , American social worker, author (d.1953 )May 14 –Otto Klemperer , German conductor (d.1973 )May 15 May 20 –Faisal I of Iraq (d.1933 )May 21 –Sophie, Princess of Albania , consort ofWilliam of Wied, Prince of Albania (d.1936 )May 22 –Toyoda Soemu , Japanese admiral (d.1957 )May 24 –Susan Sutherland Isaacs , English educational psychologist, psychoanalyst (d.1948 )May 27 –Richmond K. Turner , American admiral (d.1961 )May 30 –Arthur E. Andersen , American accountant (d.1947 )June 2 –Hans Gerhard Creutzfeldt , German neuropathologist (d.1964 )June 4 –Arturo Rawson , President of Argentina (d.1952 )June 5 –Georges Mandel , French politician, World War II hero (d.1944 )June 9 June 21 –Harry A. Marmer , Ukrainian-born American mathematician, oceanographer (d.1953 )June 22 –Milan Vidmar , Slovenian electrical engineer, chess player (d.1962 )June 27 –Guilhermina Suggia , Portuguese cellist (d.1950 )[ 21] June 29 –Izidor Kürschner , Hungarian football player and coach (d.1941 )[ 22] D H Lawrence Ben Chifley Niels Bohr October 3 –Sophie Treadwell , American playwright, journalist (d.1970 )October 7 –Niels Bohr , Danish physicist,Nobel Prize laureate (d.1962 )October 11 –François Mauriac , French writer,Nobel Prize laureate (d.1970 )[ 24] October 19 –Charles E. Merrill , American banker, co-founder ofMerrill Lynch (d.1956 )October 24 –Rachel Katznelson-Shazar , Zionist political figure, wife of third President of Israel (d.1975 )October 28 –Per Albin Hansson , 2-time prime minister of Sweden (d.1946 )October 30 –Ezra Pound , American poet (d.1972 )[ 25] George S. Patton Heinrich Brüning November 1 –Anton Flettner , German aviation engineer, inventor (d.1961 )November 2 –Harlow Shapley , American astronomer (d.1972 )November 5 –Will Durant , American philosopher, writer (d.1981 )November 8 –Tomoyuki Yamashita , Japanese general (d.1946 )November 9 (October 28 (O.S.)) –Velimir Khlebnikov , Russian poet (d.1922 )November 11 –George S. Patton , American general (d.1945 )November 15 –Frederick Handley-Page , British aviation pioneer, aircraft company founder (d.1962 )November 26 –Heinrich Brüning ,Chancellor of Germany 1930-1932 (d.1970 )November 30 Victor Hugo January 11 –Mariano Ospina Rodríguez , President of Colombia (b.1805 )January 13 –Schuyler Colfax ,17th Vice President of the United States (b.1823 )January 26 –Charles "Chinese" Gordon , British general (killed in battle) (b.1833 )February 1 –Sidney Gilchrist Thomas , British inventor (b.1850 )February 7 –Iwasaki Yataro , Japanese industrialist, Founder ofMitsubishi (b.1835 )February 8 –Nikolai Severtzov , Russian explorer, naturalist (b.1827 )February 19 –José María Pinedo , Argentinian naval commander (b.1795 )March 12 –Próspero Fernández Oreamuno , President of Costa Rica (b.1834 )March 13 –Giorgio Mitrovich , Maltese politician (b.1795 )[ 27] March 22 –Sir Harry Smith Parkes , British diplomat (b.1828 )April 2 –Justo Rufino Barrios , Central American leader (b.1835 )April 6 –Eduard Vogel von Falckenstein , Prussian general (b.1797 )April 25 –Queen Emma of Hawaii (b.1836 )May 2 –Terézia Zakoucs ,Hungarian Slovene author (b.1817 )May 4 –Irvin McDowell , American general (b.1818 )May 17 –Jonathan Young , United States Navy commodore (b.1826 )May 19 –Robert Emmet Odlum , American swimming instructor (died as result of becoming the first person to jump from theBrooklyn Bridge ) (b.1851 )May 20 –Frederick Theodore Frelinghuysen ,29th United States Secretary of State (b.1817 )May 22 –Victor Hugo , French author (b.1802 )[ 28] June 11 –Amédée Courbet , French admiral (b.1827 )June 17 –Edwin Freiherr von Manteuffel , German field marshal (b.1809 )June 22 –Muhammad Ahmad , Sudanese Mahdi (b.1844 )Ulysses S. Grant July 21 –Karolina Sobańska , Polish noble, agent (b.1795 )July 23 –Ulysses S. Grant , 63,American Civil War general, 18thPresident of the United States (b.1822 )August –Aga Khan II , Iranian religious leader (b.1830 )August 6 –Emil Zsigmondy , Austrian mountaineer (b.1861 )August 10 –James W. Marshall , American contractor, builder ofSutter's Mill (b.1810 )August 29 –Moriz Ludassy , Hungarian journalist (b.1825 )September 2 –Giuseppe Bonavia , Maltese architect (b.1821 )September 5 –Zuo Zongtang , Chinese general and politician (b.1812 )September 6 –Narcís Monturiol ,Catalan intellectual, artist and engineer, inventor of the first combustion engine-drivensubmarine , which was propelled by an early form ofair-independent propulsion (b.1819 )September 15 Carl Spitzweg October 1 –Anthony Ashley-Cooper, 7th Earl of Shaftesbury , British politician and philanthropist (b.1801 )October 3 –Mazhar Nanautawi , Indian freedom struggle activist and founding figure ofMazahir Uloom (b.1821 )October 5 –Thomas C. Durant , American railroad financier (b.1820 )October 29 Thomas A. Hendricks November 16 –Louis Riel , Canadian-American leader (executed) (b.1844 )November 8 –John McCullough , Irish-American actor (b.1832 )November 24 –Nicolás Avellaneda , Argentine president (b.1837 )November 25 November 26 –Thomas Andrews , Irish chemist (b.1813 )December 8 –William Henry Vanderbilt , American entrepreneur (b.1821 )December 13 –Benjamin Gratz Brown , American politician (b.1826 )December 15 –Ferdinand II of Portugal , consort of Queen Maria II (b.1816 )^ Palmer, Alan; Palmer, Veronica (1992).The Chronology of British History . London: Century Ltd. pp. 310– 311.ISBN 0-7126-5616-2 ^a b Williams, Hywel (2005).Cassell's Chronology of World History 438–440 .ISBN 0-304-35730-8 ^ Dow Record Book Adds Another First . Philly.com. Retrieved 2013-07-08.^ Hansen (1992), p. 28. ^ The Hutchinson Factfinder . Helicon. 1999.ISBN 1-85986-000-1 ^ "Cremation".The Times ^ Mackenzie, John (1887).Austral Africa: Losing It or Ruling It; Being Incidents and Experiences in Bechuanaland, Cape Colony, and England Sampson Low, Marston, Searle & Rivington viaWorld Digital Library . Archived fromthe original on April 12, 2018. RetrievedApril 10, 2018 . ^ "Silverton" .The Argus . RetrievedFebruary 8, 2022 .^ Gardiner, Mark (1997).Classic motorcycles . MetroBooks. p. 16.ISBN 1-56799-460-1 ^ MacCormick, John (2023).Chinese in Napa Valley . The History Press. p. 123.ISBN 9781467152785 ^ Benz, Carl Friedrich (1925).Lebensfahrt eines deutschen erfinders; erinnerungen eines achtzigjahrigen . Leipzig: Koehler & Amelang. ^ "Icons of Invention: Rover safety bicycle, 1885" .Making the Modern World .Science Museum (London) .Archived from the original on May 22, 2011. RetrievedJune 27, 2011 .^ "Home Insurance Building" .SkyscraperPage .Archived from the original on June 29, 2011. RetrievedJune 27, 2011 .^ "24,346 Christians Massacred, Altogether, In Cochin-China".The Cornishman . No. 387. December 17, 1885. p. 8. ^ Martin Bucco; G. K. Hall & Company (1986).Critical Essays on Sinclair Lewis ISBN 978-0-8161-8698-3 ^ Radio Liberty Research Bulletin ^ Richard R. Hobbs (1997).Naval Science ISBN 978-1-55750-373-2 ^ Smith, Lyn (2012).Heroes of the Holocaust: Ordinary Britons Who Risked Their Lives to Make a Difference ISBN 978-0-09-194067-6 ^ O. Classe; [Anonymus AC02468681] (2000).Encyclopedia of Literary Translation Into English: A-L ISBN 978-1-884964-36-7 {{cite book }}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link )^ Current Biography: Who's News and Why, 1953 ISBN 978-0-8242-0119-7 {{cite book }}:ISBN / Date incompatibility (help ) ^ Obituary,The Musical Times ^ "Ezen a napon született Kürschner Izidor, a kiváló játékos és világjáró edző, akinek Brazíliában szobrot állítottak" .www.mtkbudapest.hu . Archived fromthe original on December 26, 2022. RetrievedJanuary 23, 2021 .^ John Worthen (July 31, 1992).D. H. Lawrence: The Early Years 1885-1912: The Cambridge Biography of D. H. Lawrence ISBN 978-0-521-43772-1 ^ K. R. Srinivasa Iyengar (1963).Francois Mauriac: Novelist & Moralist ^ Lawrence S. Rainey (December 15, 1991).Ezra Pound and the Monument of Culture: Text, History, and the Malatesta Cantos ISBN 978-0-226-70316-9 ^ Turda, Marius, and Paul Weindling. "Blood and Homeland": Eugenics and Racial Nationalism in Central and Southeast Europe, 1900-1940. Budapest: Central European UP, 2007. pp. 1 Print. ^ Mangion, Fabian (March 8, 2015)."Recalling a brave, sincere patriot forgotten by Malta" .Times of Malta Archived from the original on December 25, 2018. RetrievedDecember 24, 2018 . ^ Albert W. Halsall (January 1, 1998).Victor Hugo and the Romantic Drama ISBN 978-0-8020-4322-1 "Appletons' Annual Cyclopedia and Register of Important Events of the Year 1885".Appletons' Annual Cyclopedia and Register of Important Events of the Year .25 . New York:D. Appleton and Co. : 42 v. 1887.hdl :2027/hvd.hb0r95 .
