Calendar year
1883 by topic Humanities By country Other topics Lists of leaders Birth and death categories Establishments and disestablishments categories Works category
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1883 .
Alithograph of the1883 eruption of Krakatoa , during its earlier phase in May. 1883 (MDCCCLXXXIII ) was acommon year starting on Monday of theGregorian calendar and acommon year starting on Saturday of theJulian calendar , the 1883rd year of theCommon Era (CE) andAnno Domini 2nd millennium , the 83rd year of the19th century , and the 4th year of the1880s decade. As of the start of 1883, the Gregorian calendar was 12 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923.
Calendar year
February 16 :Ladies Home Journal January 4 –Life January 10 – Afire at the Newhall Hotel inMilwaukee , Wisconsin, United States, kills 73 people.January 16 – ThePendleton Civil Service Reform Act , establishing theUnited States civil service , is passed.January 19 – The first electric lighting system employing overhead wires begins service inRoselle, New Jersey , United States, installed byThomas Edison .May 24 :Brooklyn Bridge is opened.Antoni Gaudí begins to work on theSagrada Família Cathedral inBarcelona (it will beconsecrated in2010 ).Construction ofSpeicherstadt as afree zone in thePort of Hamburg begins. During construction of theCanadian Pacific Railway in 1883, blasting and excavation reveal high concentrations ofnickel –copper ore atMurray Mine , on the edge of theSudbury Basin , located nearSudbury, Ontario , Canada. TheBritish Parliament considers a major bill to allow Indian judges to try Europeans in India. The British community rises in protest, and defeats the measure. The Mexican government passes a law allowing real estate companies (controlled by GeneralPorfirio Díaz 's political associates) to survey public and "vacant" lands, and to retain one third of the land they survey. Bernard Kroger establishes the firstKroger grocery store , inCincinnati ,Ohio .The firstpurebred Percheron (horse)stud book is created in France. ASEA is founded by Ludvig Fredholm inSweden , predecessor of the global electronic equipment and engineering businessABB .[ 10] Founding of: Ichirō Hatoyama Clement Attlee Aleksei Nikolaevich Tolstoy Karl Jaspers January 1 –Ichirō Hatoyama ,Prime Minister of Japan (d.1959 )January 3 –Clement Attlee ,Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d.1967 )January 4 –Johanna Westerdijk , Dutch plant pathologist (d.1961 )January 5 –Döme Sztójay ,Prime Minister of Hungary (d.1946 )January 6 –Kahlil Gibran , Lebanese poet, painter and novelist (d.1931 )January 10 January 16 –Oswald Short , English aircraft manufacturer (d.1969 )January 19 –Waite Phillips , American businessman, philanthropist (d.1964 )January 20 –Bertram Ramsay , British admiral (d.1945 )[ 12] February 8 –Joseph Schumpeter , Austrian economist (d.1950 )[ 13] February 15 –Sax Rohmer , English author (d.1959 )February 16 –Koshirō Oikawa , Japanese admiral (d.1958 )February 22 February 23 –Karl Jaspers , German philosopher (d.1969 )February 28 –Gheorghe Argeșanu , Romanian general and politician, 40thPrime Minister of Romania (d.1940 )Maude Fealy Stanley Bruce March 2 –Nikos Kazantzakis , Greek writer (d.1957 )March 3 –Cyril Burt , British educational psychologist (d.1971 )March 4 March 7 –Michael Somogyi , Hungarian-American biochemist (d.1971 )March 19 March 21 –Sam Hardy , American stage and screen actor (d.1935 )March 24 –Dorothy Campbell , Scottish golfer (d.1945 )March 28 –Tikiri Bandara Panabokke II , Ceylonese colonial-era legislator, lawyer and diplomat (d.1963 )April 1 April 3 –Henry Diesen , Norwegian admiral (d.1953 )April 5 –Walter Huston , Canadian-born American actor (d.1950 )April 11 –Leonard Mudie , English actor (d.1965 )April 12 –Dally Messenger , Australian rugby league player (d.1959 )April 15 –Stanley Bruce , 8thPrime Minister of Australia (d.1967 )April 25 –Semyon Budyonny , Cossack cavalryman, Marshal of the Soviet Union (d.1973 )April 30 –Jaroslav Hašek , Czech writer (d.1923 )[ 14] Eleazar López Contreras José Ortega y Gasset Celâl Bayar Walter Gropius Eurico Gaspar Dutra Douglas Fairbanks Victor Franz Hess Pierre Laval May 1 –Tom Moore , Irish-American actor (d.1955 )May 5 May 9 –José Ortega y Gasset , Spanish philosopher (d.1955 )May 10 –Eugen Leviné , Communist leader of theMunich Soviet Republic (d.1919 )May 16 May 18 May 23 –Douglas Fairbanks , American actor (d.1939 )May 24 –Elsa Maxwell , American gossip columnist, international party giver (d.1963 )May 25 –Lesley J. McNair , American general (d.1944 )May 27 –Jessie Arms Botke , American artist (d.1971 )May 28 –Vinayak Damodar Savarkar , Indian pro-independence activist, Hindu nationalist (d.1966 )May 31 –Lauri Kristian Relander ,President of Finland (d.1942 )June 5 June 7 –Sylvanus Morley , American scholar, World War I spy (d.1948 )June 11 –Aubrey Fitch , American admiral (d.1978 )June 18 –Mary Alden , American stage, screen actress (d.1946 )June 20 –Royal E. Ingersoll , American admiral (d.1976 )June 24 –Victor Francis Hess , Austrian-born American physicist,Nobel Prize laureate (d.1964 )June 28 –Pierre Laval ,Prime Minister of France (d.1945 )June 29 –Lothrop Stoddard , Americaneugenicist , radical scientific racist (d.1950 )Franz Kafka Max Fleischer Benito Mussolini Coco Chanel July 1 –István Friedrich , 24th Prime Minister of Hungary (d.1951 )July 3 –Franz Kafka , Austrian writer (d.1924 )July 4 –Rube Goldberg , American cartoonist (d.1970 )July 6 –Godfrey Huggins , English-born Rhodesian politician and physician,Prime Minister of Rhodesia (d.1971 )July 10 –Johannes Blaskowitz , German general (d.1948 )July 13 –Jack Reagan , American salesman (d.1941 )July 16 –Charles Sheeler , American photographer, artist (d.1965 )July 19 July 20 –Catherine Bramwell-Booth , English Salvation Army officer (d.1987 )July 23 July 25 –Alfredo Casella , Italian composer (d.1947 )July 26 –Edwin Balmer , American science fiction, mystery writer (d.1959 )July 29 July 31 –Ramón Fonst , Cuban fencer (d. 1959)August 2 –Aurelio Mosquera , Ecuadorian politician, 25thPresident of Ecuador (d.1939 )August 6 –Scott Nearing , American political activist, economist, and simple living advocate (d.1983 )August 9 –Chester Gillette , American murderer (d.1908 )August 12 August 15 –Ivan Meštrović , Croatian sculptor and architect (d.1962 )August 19 August 23 August 30 –Theo van Doesburg , Dutch artist, painter, architect, and poet (d.1931 )Mel Sheppard Otto Heinrich Warburg September 2 –Rudolf Weigl , Polish biologist (d.1957 )September 5 –Mel Sheppard , American Olympic athlete (d.1942 )September 13 –August Zaleski , 6thPresident of Poland (d.1972 )September 15 –Esteban Terradas i Illa , Catalan mathematician, scientist, and engineer (d.1950 )September 28 –Berta Pīpiņa , Latvian politician (d.1942 )October 2 –Karl von Terzaghi , Austrian civil engineer and "father of soil mechanics" (d.1963 )October 5 –Joseph Hubert Priestley , British botanist (d.1944 )[ 19] October 8 –Otto Heinrich Warburg , German physician and physiologist,Nobel Prize laureate (d.1970 )October 15 –Robert L. Ghormley , American admiral (d.1958 )October 26 –Paul Pilgrim , American athlete (d.1958 )October 30 –Bob Jones Sr. , American evangelist, religious broadcaster, and founder ofBob Jones University (d.1968 )October 31 –Anthony Wilding , New Zealand tennis player (d.1915 )Diego Martínez Barrio November 4 –Nikolaos Plastiras , Greek general and politician (d.1953 )November 8 –Arnold Bax , English composer (d.1953 )November 9 –Edna May Oliver , American stage and film character actress (d.1942 )November 11 –Ernest Ansermet , Swiss conductor (d.1969 )November 14 –Ado Birk , 3rd Prime Minister of Estonia (d.1942 )November 18 November 25 November 26 –Belle da Costa Greene , American librarian, bibliographer, and archivist (d.1950 )November 29 December 3 –Anton Webern , Austrian composer (d.1945 )December 9 December 10 –Giovanni Messe , Italian field marshal and politician (d.1968 )December 12 –Maxey Dell Moody , American businessman and founder ofM. D. Moody & Sons, Inc. (d.1949 )December 14 –Morihei Ueshiba , Japanese martial artist and founder of aikido (d.1969 )December 16 –Max Linder , French actor (d.1925 )December 22 –Edgard Varèse , French composer (d.1965 )December 25 –Hugo Bergmann , German and Israeli Jewish philosopher (d.1975 )December 26 –Maurice Utrillo , French artist and illustrator (d.1955 )December 28 –Lloyd Fredendall , American general (d.1963 )December 29 –Forrest Taylor , American stage, film and television actor (d.1965 )Richard Wagner Keʻelikōlani Karl Marx Édouard Manet January 4 –Antoine Chanzy , French general and colonial governor (b.1823 )January 8 –Miska Magyarics ,Slovene poet in Hungary (b.1825 )January 10 January 17 –Matilde Diez , Spanish actress (b.1818 )[ 22] January 23 –Gustave Doré , French artist (b.1832 )January 24 –Friedrich von Flotow , German composer (b.1812 )February 13 –Richard Wagner , German composer (b.1813 )February 15 –Prince Kachō Hiroatsu of Japan (b.1875 )February 17 February 18 –Francis Abbott , Australian astronomer (b.1799 )March 4 –Alexander Hamilton Stephens ,Vice President of the Confederate States of America (b.1812 )March 14 –Karl Marx , German communist philosopher (b.1818 )March 20 –Charles Lasègue , French physician (b.1816 )March 21 –Grigol Orbeliani , Georgian poet and soldier (b.1804 )March 27 –John Brown , Scottish personal servant and favourite of Queen Victoria (b.1826 )March 28 –Napoleon Bonaparte Buford , American general and railroad executive (b.1807 )April 4 –Peter Cooper , American industrialist, inventor and philanthropist (b.1791 )April 13 –Archduchess Maria Antonietta of Austria, Princess of Tuscany (b.1858 )[ 23] April 15 –Frederick Francis II, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin (b.1823 )April 16 –Charles II, Duke of Parma (b.1799 )April 26 –Napoleon Orda , Belarusian composer and artist (b.1807 )April 30 –Édouard Manet , French painter (b.1832 )May 6 –Cecilia Fryxell , Swedish educational pioneer (b.1806 )[ 24] May 24 –Keʻelikōlani , princess of Hawaii (b.1826 )[ 25] May 26 –Abdelkader El Djezairi , Algerian leader (b.1808 )June 6 –Ciprian Porumbescu , Romanian composer (b. 1853)June 11 –Caroline Leigh Gascoigne , English writer (b. 1813)June 20 –John Colenso , English-born mathematician and theologian, Bishop of Natal (b.1814 )June 26 –Edward Sabine , Irish astronomer (b.1788 )Carl Wilhelm Siemens July 15 –General Tom Thumb , American circus performer and entertainer (b.1838 )July 22 –Edward Ord , U.S. Army officer (b.1818 )July 23 –Rose Massey , English actress (b.1851 ?)July 24 –Matthew Webb , English sailor, first recorded person to swim the English Channel without the use of artificial aids (b.1848 )July 27 –Montgomery Blair , American politician (b.1813 )July 28 –Carlo Pellion di Persano , Italian admiral and politician (b.1806 )August 24 –Henri, Count of Chambord , pretender to the French throne (b.1820 )August 25 –Louise Lateau , Belgian mystic and stigmatist (b.1850 )September 3 –Ivan Turgenev , Russian writer (b.1818 )September 10 –Otto Pius Hippius , Baltic German architect (b.1826 )September 17 –Junius Brutus Booth Jr. , American actor and theatre manager (b.1821 )September 24 –Selina Jenkinson , British aristocrat (b.1812 )October 5 –Joachim Barrande , French palaeontologist (b.1799 )October 14 –Sir Arthur Elton, 7th Baronet , English writer and Liberal Party politician (b.1818 )October 20 –George Chichester, 3rd Marquess of Donegall , Anglo-Irish landowner, courtier and politician (b.1797 )October 22 –Thomas Mayne Reid , Irish-American novelist (b.1818 )October 30 November 19 –Carl Wilhelm Siemens , German engineer (b.1823 )November 20 –Tenshoin , wife of 13th Shōgun of Japan,Tokugawa Iesada (b.1836 )November 29 –Elisabeth Dieudonné Vincent , Haitian-born migrant and free woman of colour (b.1798 )December 13 –Victor de Laprade , French poet and critic (b.1812 )December 27 –Andrew A. Humphreys , American general and civil engineer (b.1810 )Margaret Agnes Bunn ^ ja:東京配電#沿革 (Japanese language edition) Retrieved on July 12, 2020.^ "Top 100 U.S. Magazines by Circulation" (PDF) .PSA Research Center . Archived fromthe original (PDF) on November 15, 2016. RetrievedFebruary 6, 2016 .^ "Happy Birthday, Antitrust Law!" .The Blackacre Times . 2013-02-23. Retrieved2025-07-20 .^ "History of the Hong Kong Observatory" . Hong Kong Observatory. 20 May 2011. Archived fromthe original on January 11, 2019. Retrieved7 August 2011 .^ Chartreux, Félix; Larrère, Mathilde; Palieraki, Eugénia (2013),"Brandir la révolution:Histoire des drapeaux révolutionnaires" Révolutions, Quand les peuples font l'histoire (in French), Belin, pp. 44– 47,doi :10.3917/bel.larre.2013.01.0044 , retrieved2025-10-11 ^ World Intellectual Property Organization (1983).The Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property from 1883 to 1983 ISBN 978-92-805-0099-8 ^ "History of melrose sevens" . 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Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications; Cato Institute. pp. 452– 455.doi :10.4135/9781412965811.n276 .ISBN 978-1412965804 LCCN 2008009151 .OCLC 750831024 . ^ Patrick, Julian (2009).501 great writers : A comprehensive guide to the giants of literature ISBN 9781845433109 ^ Watson, Fiona R. (2004)."Young, Mary Helen (1883–1945), nurse and resistance worker" Oxford Dictionary of National Biography doi :10.1093/ref:odnb/73212 .ISBN 978-0-19-861412-8 . Retrieved24 August 2022 . (Subscription,Wikipedia Library access orUK public library membership required.) ^ Ubaldo Soddu on[1] , Access date 24 February 2020^ "Official US Air Force biography" . Archived fromthe original on December 12, 2012. RetrievedDecember 12, 2022 .^ "Coco Chanel | Biography, Fashion, Designs, Perfume, & Facts" .Encyclopedia Britannica . Retrieved19 February 2021 .^ Who's Who Macmillan Publishers . 1944. p. 2239.OCLC 49208358 . 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