This article is about the year 1870. For the 1971 Italian film, see
1870 (film) .
Calendar year
1870 by topic Humanities By country Other topics Lists of leaders Birth and death categories Establishments and disestablishments categories Works category
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1870 .
July 19 : Start of theFranco-Prussian War 1870 (MDCCCLXX ) was acommon year starting on Saturday of theGregorian calendar and acommon year starting on Thursday of theJulian calendar , the 1870th year of theCommon Era (CE) andAnno Domini 2nd millennium , the 70th year of the19th century , and the 1st year of the1870s decade. As of the start of 1870, the Gregorian calendar was 12 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923.
Calendar year
February 1 –Goodna State School inGoodna, Queensland , Australia, is founded.February 2 February 3 – TheFifteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution , guaranteeingAfrican American men the right to vote, is passed.February 9 – The U.S. ArmyWeather Bureau is created within theArmy Signal Corps .February 10 –Anaheim, California , is incorporated.February 12 –Women's suffrage : Women gain theright to vote inUtah Territory .February 14 –Schoolteacher Seraph Young Ford was the first woman to vote under a women’s equal suffrage law in the USA, casting her ballot in theSalt Lake City municipal election.February 23 – Military control ofMississippi ends and it is readmitted to the Union.February 25 –Hiram Rhodes Revels , aRepublican from Mississippi, is sworn into theUnited States Senate , becoming the first African American to sit in theU.S. Congress .February 26 February 27 – TheNisshoki 'circle of the sun'flag of Japan is adopted as the national flag for Japanese merchant ships, by proclamation of theDaijō-kan .February 28 – TheBulgarian Exarchate is established, by decree of SultanAbdülaziz of theOttoman Empire .February –Denis Vrain-Lucas is sentenced to 2 years in prison for multipleforgery , in Paris.March 1 –Battle of Cerro Corá ,Paraguay : MarshalFrancisco Solano López 's last troops are cornered by those of the Triple Alliance. López refuses to surrender and is killed, ending theParaguayan War .March 4 –Red River Rebellion :Thomas Scott is executed byLouis Riel 's provisional government, in modern-dayManitoba , Canada.March 5 – The first ever internationalAssociation football match,England v Scotland , takes place under the auspices ofthe Football Association atThe Oval , London.March 10 –Deutsche Bank is founded in Berlin.March 18 –Female Infanticide Prevention Act, 1870 , passed in British India by Natalia Fish.March 19 – The Ohio Legislature passes the Cannon Act, thereby establishing the Ohio Agriculture and Mechanical College, laterOhio State University .March 24 March 30 March 31 –Thomas Mundy Peterson is the first African American to vote in an election.March – TheMitsubishi Company is established in Japan as ashipping firm, byIwasaki Yatarō withThomas Blake Glover .Ernst Barlach Gustav Bauer January 2 –Ernst Barlach , German sculptor, graphic artist and poet (d.1938 )January 6 –Gustav Bauer ,Chancellor of Germany (d.1944 )January 4 –Helena Willman-Grabowska , Polish indologist, Sorbonne and Jagiellonian University professor (d.1957 )January 8 January 11 –Alexander Stirling Calder , American sculptor (d.1945 )January 14 –George Pearce , Australian politician (d.1952 )January 20 –Ajahn Mun Bhuridatta , Thai Buddhist monk (d.1949 )January 23 –William G. Morgan , American inventor of volleyball (d.1942 )February 1 –Erik Adolf von Willebrand , Finnish physician (d.1949 )February 7 –Alfred Adler , Austrian psychologist (d.1937 )February 12 February 20 –Jay Johnson Morrow , American military engineer, politician, 3rdGovernor of the Panama Canal Zone (d.1937 )February 25 –Jelica Belović-Bernardzikowska , Croatian writer (d.1946 )March 5 –Frank Norris , American writer (d.1902 )March 10 –Ester Rachel Kamińska , Polish actress, "mother of Yiddish theatre" (d.1925 )March 13 –Seale Harris , American physician (d.1957 )March 17 –Horace Donisthorpe , English entomologist (d.1951 )March 20 –Paul von Lettow-Vorbeck , German general (d.1964 )March 22 –Arthur Storch (sculptor) (d.1947 )March 29 –Pavlos Melas , Greek revolutionary and army officer (d.1904 )March 31 –James M. Cox ,Democratic candidate forPresident of the United States in theelection of 1920 (d.1957 )Hamaguchi Osachi Vladimir Lenin Franz Lehár April 1 –Hamaguchi Osachi , 27thPrime Minister of Japan (d.1931 )April 4 –George Albert Smith , 8th president ofThe Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (d.1951 )April 17 –Ray Stannard Baker , American journalist, author (d.1946 )April 19 –J. Howard Crocker , Canadian educator and sports executive (d.1959 )April 21 –Edwin S. Porter , American film director (d.1941 )April 22 –Vladimir Lenin , Russian revolutionary, firstPremier of the Soviet Union (d.1924 )April 24 –Friedrich Freiherr Kress von Kressenstein , German general (d.1948 )[ 13] April 30 –Franz Lehár , Austrian composer (d.1948 )May 9 –Harry Vardon , English golf professional (d.1937 )May 10 –Reginald Tyrwhitt , British admiral (d.1951 )May 19 –Albert Fish , American serial killer (d.1936 )May 24 June 13 –Jules Bordet , Belgian immunologist, microbiologist, recipient of theNobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d.1961 )June 18 –Édouard Le Roy , French mathematician and philosopher (d.1954 )June 20 –Georges Dufrénoy , French post-impressionist painter (d.1943 )Maria Montessori Georges Claude July 3 –R. B. Bennett , 11thPrime Minister of Canada (d.1947 )July 12 –Louis II, Prince of Monaco (d.1949 )July 25 –Maxfield Parrish , American illustrator (d.1966 )July 26 –Charles Becker , American policeman and murderer (d.1915 )July 27 –Hilaire Belloc , French/English man of letters (d.1953 )July 29 –George Dixon , Canadian boxer (d.1909 )August 2 –Marianne Weber , German sociologist and suffragist (d.1954 )[ 14] August 4 –Harry Lauder , Scottish entertainer (d.1950 )August 10 –Hans Zenker , German admiral (d.1932 )August 11 –Tom Richardson , English cricketer (d.1912 )August 12 –Hubert Gough , British general (d.1963 )August 20 –Edward Stanley Kellogg , 16thGovernor of American Samoa (d.1948 )August 31 –Maria Montessori , Italian educator (d.1952 )September 24 –Georges Claude , French engineer, inventor (d.1960 )September 26 – KingChristian X of Denmark (d.1947 )September 30 October 2 –Horace Hood , British admiral (d.1916 )October 4 –Karl Renner , 1st Chancellor of Austria (d.1950 )October 10 –Ivan Bunin , Russian writer,Nobel Prize laureate (d.1953 )October 18 –D. T. Suzuki , Japanese philosopher (d.1966 )October 22 –Johan Ludwig Mowinckel , Norwegian businessman,Prime Minister of Norway (d.1943 )October 25 –Elsa Reger , German writer (d. 1951)[ 15] October 30 –Lawrence Grant , English actor (d.1952 )November 21 –Sigfrid Edström , Swedish sports official,President of the International Olympic Committee (d.1964 )November 27 –Juho Kusti Paasikivi ,Prime Minister andPresident of Finland (d.1956 )November 28 –Gustavus M. Blech , German-American physician, surgeon (d.1949 )November 29 –Trixie Friganza , American actress (d.1955 )December 5 –Vítězslav Novák , Czech composer (d.1949 )December 9 –Francisco S. Carvajal , 36thPresident of Mexico (d.1932 )December 10 –Jadunath Sarkar , Indian historian (d.1958 )December 14 December 18 –Saki , English writer (d.1916 )December 31 (alleged) –Mbah Gotho , Indonesian man, alleged oldest human (d.2017 )Francisco Solano López Charles Dickens January 20 –Sir George Seymour , British admiral of the fleet (b.1787 )January 25 –Victor de Broglie , Prime Minister of France (b.1785 )January 29 –Leopold II, Grand Duke of Tuscany (b.1797 )February 7 –Sylvain Salnave , Haitian general, 9thPresident of Haiti (b.1827 )February 11 –Carlos Soublette , 2-time President of Venezuela (b.1789 )February 19 –Nathaniel de Rothschild , French wine grower (b.1812 )March 1 –Francisco Solano López , 2ndPresident of Paraguay (killed in action) (b.1827 )March 3 –Henry Light , third governor of British Guiana (b.1783 )March 4 –Thomas Scott , Canadian Orangeman, surveyor of the Red River Rebellion (shot byLouis Riel and the Métis) (b. c.1842 )March 11 –Moshoeshoe I ofLesotho (b.1786 ?)March 28 –George Henry Thomas , American general (b.1816 )April 11 –Justo José de Urquiza , General, First constitutionalPresident of Argentina (assassinated) (b.1801 )April 15 –Emma Willard , American women's rights activist (b.1787 )April 16 –Domnița Rallou Caragea , Greek princess, independence activist (b.1799 )May 6 – SirJames Young Simpson , Scottish physician, researcher (b.1811 )June 6 –Ferdinand von Wrangel , Baltic-German explorer (b.1796 /1797 )June 7 –Friedrich Hohe , German lithographer, painter (b.1802 )June 9 –Charles Dickens , British novelist (b.1812 )[ 16] June 20 –Jules de Goncourt , French writer, publisher (b.1830 )[ 17] June 23 –Mírzá Mihdí , youngest child of Baháʼí founder Baháʼu'lláh (b.1848 )June 27 –Cyrus Kingsbury , American missionary to Choctaw Indians (b.1786 )Aasmund Olavsson Vinje Alexandre Dumas, père July 10 –Pelaghia Roșu , Romanian heroine (b.1800 )July 22 –Josef Strauss , Austrian composer (b.1827 )August 4 –Abel Douay , French general (killed in action) (b.1809 )August 14 –David Farragut , American admiral (b.1801 )August 17 –Pedro Figueredo , Cuban poet, musician and freedom fighter (b.1818 )September 4 –Juan Javier Espinosa , 9th President of Ecuador (b.1815 )September 23 –Prosper Mérimée , French writer (b.1803 )[ 18] September 27 –William F. Packer , American politician (b.1807 )October 12 November 3 –Diego Noboa , 4th President of Ecuador (b.1789 )November 23 –Giuseppina Bozzacchi , Milanese-born ballerina (b.1853 ) (result of deprivation duringSiege of Paris )November 24 –Comte de Lautréamont , French poet, writer (b.1846 )November 26 –Franz Graf von Wimpffen , Austrian general and admiral (b.1797 )November 28 –Frédéric Bazille , French painter (b.1841 )December 5 December 9 –Patrick MacDowell , Northern Irish sculptor (b.1799 )December 27 –Juan Prim , Spanish general and prime minister (assassinated) (b.1814 )^ Seitsemän veljestä 150 juhlavuosi – Nurmijärvi (in Finnish)^ García-Albarido, Francisco; Lorca, Rodrigo; Rivera, Francisco (2010). "Arquelogía histórica en el mineral de Caracoles, Región de Antofagasta, Chile (1870-1989)".Revista de Arqueología Histórica Argentina y Latinoamericana (in Spanish).4 :169– 194. ^ Bethell, Leslie, ed. (1993).Chile Since Independence .Cambridge :Cambridge University Press . pp. 13– 14.ISBN 978-0-521-43375-4 LCCN 92017160 .OCLC 25873947 . ^ "Mineral de Caracoles" .Memoria Chilena Biblioteca Nacional de Chile .^ National Geophysical Data Center / World Data Service (NGDC/WDS) (1972),Significant Earthquake Database National Geophysical Data Center ,NOAA ,doi :10.7289/V5TD9V7K ^a b "China", inThe World's Progress: A Dictionary of Dates , ed. by George P. Putnam and F. B. Perkins (G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1878) p. 133. ^ Martin, Jim (December 4, 2017)."The Creation of the Department of Justice | In Custodia Legis" .The Library of Congress . RetrievedJuly 18, 2025 . ^ Olivia B. Waxman (December 23, 2016)."The Surprising Story of Christmas in the United States" .Time . RetrievedJanuary 15, 2018 . ^ Penguin Pocket On This Day . Penguin Reference Library. 2006.ISBN 978-0-14-102715-9 ^ Smith, Denis (2001).Civil Engineering Heritage: London and the Thames Valley . Thomas Telford. pp. 22– 23.ISBN 978-0-7277-2876-0 ^ West, Graham (2005).Innovation and the Rise of the Tunnelling Industry . Cambridge University Press. pp. 116– 118.ISBN 978-0-521-33512-6 ^ ANSS ."M 6.6 - Near Baie-Saint-Paul, Quebec, Canada 1870" .Comprehensive Catalog . U.S. Geological Survey.^ "Friedrich Freiherr Kreß von Kressenstein" .prussianmachine.com . RetrievedMay 30, 2022 .^ Lengermann, Patricia M.; Niebrugge-Brantley, Jill (1998). "Marianne Weber (1870- 1954): A Woman-Centered Sociology".The Women Founders: Sociology and Social Theory, 1830-1930 : a Text/reader . Boston: McGraw-Hill. p. 194.ISBN 978-1-57766-509-0 ^ Fischer, Teresa."Elsa Reger" .Musik und Gender im Internet (in German).Musikhochschule Hamburg . RetrievedOctober 23, 2025 . ^ "Dickens, Charles" Dictionary of National Biography ^ Pages from the Goncourt Journals (2006). NYRB Classics.ISBN 159017190X ^ "Prosper Mérimée" .Encyclopaedia Britannica ^ Douglas Munro (1978).Alexandre Dumas Père: A Bibliography of Works Translated Into English to 1910 ISBN 978-0-8240-9836-0 Carruth, Gorton. "1870: Publishing; arts and music; popular entertainment; architecture; theatre."The Encyclopedia of American Facts and Dates by Gorton Carruth, (9th ed., HarperCollins, 1993), p. 302.online 
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