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All 233[b] seats in theUnited States House of Representatives 117 seats needed for a majority | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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The1848–49 United States House of Representatives elections were held on various dates in various states between August 1848 and November 1849. Each state set its own date for its elections to theHouse of Representatives before the first session of the31st United States Congress convened on December 3, 1849. The new state of Wisconsin elected its first representatives, and California also held its first congressional elections before officially achieving statehood in 1850, increasing the size of the House to 233 seats.
These elections spanned the1848 United States presidential election and took place amid the U.S. victory overMexico in the (1846–48)Mexican–American War. TheWhigs lost their House majority asDemocrats, whose support had driven the war, gained a House plurality. Among minor parties, theFree Soil Party won nine Northern seats, while the American or "Know Nothing" Party retained one.
Following the discovery of gold in January 1848,California boomed, creating immediate pressure for statehood. TheCompromise of 1850, though largely crafted in the Senate, was also passed by the House, brokering its admission to the Union. Anticipating statehood,California elected two members at-large on November 13, 1849, to be seated September 11, 1850.
As neither major party held a majority when Congress convened on December 3, 1849 — the Democrats finished three seats short, while the Whigs had lost 12 seats and the majority — the election of aSpeaker proved contentious.
The Whigs were sectionally split, with Northern Whigs nominating incumbent speakerRobert C. Winthrop ofMassachusetts and Southern Whigs supportingMeredith P. Gentry ofTennessee. Democrats primarily supportedHowell Cobb ofGeorgia; 13 other Democratic hopefuls also garnered support. The smallFree Soil Party, opposing expansion of slavery into the Western territories, supportedDavid Wilmot ofPennsylvania, author of theWilmot Proviso, calling attention toslave power's hold over both major parties.
After nearly three weeks of heated debate, the House suspended itsmajority rule for the Speaker election: Cobb was elected on the 63rd ballot byplurality.[1]
Wisconsin was apportioned an additional seat in 1848,[2] and two more seats were added for the new state ofCalifornia.[3]
| 113 | 11 | 108 |
| Democratic | [f] | Whig |
| State | Type | Date | Total seats | Democratic | Free Soil | Whig | Other | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Seats | Change | Seats | Change | Seats | Change | Seats | Change | ||||
| Arkansas | At-large | August 7, 1848 | 1 | 1 |  | 0 | | 0 | | 0 | |
| Illinois | District | August 7, 1848 | 7 | 6 | | 0 | | 1 | | 0 | |
| Iowa | District | August 7, 1848 | 2 | 2 | | 0 | | 0 | | 0 | |
| Missouri | District | August 7, 1848 | 5 | 5 | | 0 | | 0 | | 0 | |
| Vermont | District | September 5, 1848 | 4 | 1 | | 0 | | 3 | | 0 | |
| Maine | District | September 11, 1848 | 7 | 5 |  1 | 0 | | 2 |  1 | 0 | |
| Florida | At-large | October 2, 1848 | 1 | 0 | | 0 | | 1 | | 0 | |
| Georgia | District | October 2, 1848 | 8 | 4 | | 0 | | 4 | | 0 | |
| South Carolina | District | October 9–10, 1848 | 7 | 7 | | 0 | | 0 | | 0 | |
| Ohio | District | October 10, 1848 | 21 | 11 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 8 | 3 | 0 | |
| Pennsylvania | District | October 10, 1848 | 24 | 9 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 13 | 3 | 1[g] | |
| Delaware | At-large | November 6, 1848 | 1 | 0 | | 0 | | 1 | | 0 | |
| Michigan | District | November 7, 1848 (Election Day)[h] | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 | | 1 | 1 | 0 | |
| New Jersey | District | 5 | 1 | | 0 | | 4 | | 0 | | |
| New York | District | 34 | 1 | 10 | 1 | 1 | 32 | 9 | 0 | | |
| Wisconsin | District | 3[i] | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | | |
| Massachusetts | District | November 13, 1848 | 10[j] | 0 | | 1 | 1 | 8 | 2 | 0 | |
| Late elections, after the March 4, 1849 beginning of the term | |||||||||||
| New Hampshire | District | March 13, 1849 | 4 | 2 | | 1 | 1 | 1 | | 0 | 1[k] |
| Connecticut | District | April 2, 1849 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 0 | |
| Rhode Island | District | April 4, 1849 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | | 2 | 1 | 0 | |
| Virginia | District | April 26, 1849 | 15 | 13 | 4 | 0 | | 2 | 4 | 0 | |
| Tennessee | District | August 2, 1849 | 11 | 7 | 1 | 0 | | 4 | 1 | 0 | |
| Alabama | District | August 6, 1849 | 7 | 5 | | 0 | | 2 | | 0 | |
| Indiana | District | August 6, 1849 | 10 | 8 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 0 | |
| Kentucky | District | August 6, 1849 | 10 | 4 | | 0 | | 6 | | 0 | |
| Texas | District | August 6, 1849 | 2 | 2 | | 0 | | 0 | | 0 | |
| North Carolina | District | August 7, 1849 | 9 | 3 | | 0 | | 6 | | 0 | |
| Maryland | District | October 3, 1849 | 6 | 3 | 1 | 0 | | 3 | 1 | 0 | |
| Louisiana | District | November 5, 1849 | 4 | 3 | | 0 | | 1 | | 0 | |
| Mississippi | District | November 5–6, 1849 | 4 | 4 | 1 | 0 | | 0 | 1 | 0 | |
| California | At-large | November 11, 1849[l] | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 | | 0 | | 1[m] | 1 |
| Total[b] | 233 | 113 48.7% | 1 | 9 3.9% | 9 | 108 46.6% | 8 | 2 0.9% | | ||
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| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member / Delegate | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| Pennsylvania 6 | John W. Hornbeck | Whig | 1846 | Incumbent died January 16, 1848. New member elected February 23, 1848. Democratic gain. Winner was not a candidate for the next term;see below. |
|
| Massachusetts 8 | John Quincy Adams | Whig | 1830 | Incumbent died February 23, 1848. New member elected April 3, 1848. Whig hold. Winner later re-elected to the next term;see below. |
|
| South Carolina 1 | James A. Black | Democratic | 1843 | Incumbent died April 3, 1848. New member elected May 23, 1848. Democratic hold. Winner later re-elected to the next term;see below. |
|
| Wisconsin Territory at-large | John Hubbard Tweedy | Whig | 1846 | Incumbent resigned May 28, 1848, after Wisconsin became a state. New delegate elected October 30, 1848. Democratic gain. Winner later re-elected in theMinnesota Territory's at-large district;see below. |
|
| New York 6 | David S. Jackson | Democratic | 1846 | Seat declared vacant on April 19, 1848, following an election contest centered on voter fraud. New member elected November 7, 1848. Whig gain. Winner not elected the same day to the next term;see below. |
|
| New York 27 | John M. Holley | Whig | 1846 | Incumbent died March 8, 1848. New member elected November 7, 1848. Whig hold. Winner not elected the same day to the next term;see below. |
|
| South Carolina 4 | Alexander D. Sims | Democratic | 1844 | Incumbent died November 22, 1848. New member elected January 9, 1849. Democratic hold. Winner later re-elected to the next term;see below. |
|
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| South Carolina 4 | Alexander D. Sims | Democratic | 1844 | Incumbent had been re-elected,see below, but died November 22, 1848. New member elected January 16, 1849. Democratic hold. Winner had already been elected to finish the current term;see above. |
|
| Vermont 3 | George P. Marsh | Whig | 1843 | Incumbent resigned May 29, 1849, when appointedU.S. Minister Resident to the Ottoman Empire. New member elected September 4, 1849. Whig hold. Winner later re-elected to the next term. |
|
| Ohio 6 | Rodolphus Dickinson | Democratic | 1846 | Incumbent died March 20, 1849. New member elected October 9, 1849. Democratic hold. Winner died the following year, leading toanother special election. |
|
| Virginia 15 | Alexander Newman | Democratic | 1849 | Incumbent died September 8, 1849. New member elected November 8, 1849. Whig gain. Winner later lost re-election to the next term. |
|
Elections were held August 6, 1849, after the March 4, 1849 beginning of the term, but before the House first convened in December 1849.
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| Alabama 1 | John Gayle | Whig | 1847 | Incumbent retired. Whig hold. |
|
| Alabama 2 | Henry W. Hilliard | Whig | 1845 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Alabama 3 | Sampson Willis Harris | Democratic | 1847 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Alabama 4 | Samuel Williams Inge | Democratic | 1847 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Alabama 5 | George S. Houston | Democratic | 1841 | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. |
|
| Alabama 6 | Williamson R. W. Cobb | Democratic | 1847 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Alabama 7 | Franklin W. Bowdon | Democratic | 1846(special) | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
The election was held August 7, 1848.
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| Arkansas at-large | Robert Ward Johnson | Democratic | 1846 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
In California two at-large members were elected November 13, 1849 in anticipation of statehood and seated September 11, 1850.
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| California at-large 2 seats elected on ageneral ticket | None (new state) | New seat. Independent gain. |
Others
| ||
| None (new state) | New seat. Democratic gain. | ||||
Elections were held April 2, 1849, after the March 4, 1849 beginning of the term, but before the House first convened in December 1849.
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates[23] | |
| Connecticut 1 | James Dixon | Whig | 1845 | Incumbent retired. Democratic gain. |
|
| Connecticut 2 | Samuel D. Hubbard | Whig | 1845 | Incumbent lost re-election. Free Soil gain. |
|
| Connecticut 3 | John A. Rockwell | Whig | 1845 | Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic gain. |
|
| Connecticut 4 | Truman Smith | Whig | 1839 1843(retired) 1845 | Incumbent retired torun for U.S. Senate. Whig hold. |
|
The election was held November 6, 1848.
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| Delaware at-large | John W. Houston | Whig | 1844 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Florida's single at-large member was elected October 2, 1848.
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| Florida at-large | Edward C. Cabell | Whig | 1845(special) 1846(lost contest) 1846 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Elections were held October 2, 1848.
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| Georgia 1 | T. Butler King | Whig | 1838 1842(lost) 1844 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Georgia 2 | Alfred Iverson Sr. | Democratic | 1846 | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. |
|
| Georgia 3 | John William Jones | Whig | 1846 | Incumbent retired. Whig hold. |
|
| Georgia 4 | Hugh A. Haralson | Democratic | 1842 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Georgia 5 | John H. Lumpkin | Democratic | 1842 | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. |
|
| Georgia 6 | Howell Cobb | Democratic | 1842 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Georgia 7 | Alexander H. Stephens | Whig | 1843(special) | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Georgia 8 | Robert Toombs | Whig | 1844 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Elections were held August 7, 1848.
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| Illinois 1 | Robert Smith | Independent Democratic | 1842[n] | Incumbent retired. Democratic gain. |
|
| Illinois 2 | John Alexander McClernand | Democratic | 1842 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Illinois 3 | Orlando B. Ficklin | Democratic | 1842 | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. |
|
| Illinois 4 | John Wentworth | Democratic | 1842 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Illinois 5 | William Alexander Richardson | Democratic | 1847(special) | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Illinois 6 | Thomas J. Turner | Democratic | 1846 | Incumbent retired. Whig gain. |
|
| Illinois 7 | Abraham Lincoln | Whig | 1846 | Incumbent retired. Democratic gain. |
|
Elections were held August 10, 1849, after the March 4, 1849 beginning of the term, but before the House first convened in December 1849.
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| Indiana 1 | Elisha Embree | Whig | 1847 | Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic gain. |
|
| Indiana 2 | Thomas J. Henley | Democratic | 1843 | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. |
|
| Indiana 3 | John L. Robinson | Democratic | 1847 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Indiana 4 | Caleb B. Smith | Whig | 1843 | Incumbent retired. Free Soil gain. |
|
| Indiana 5 | William W. Wick | Democratic | 1839 1841(retired) 1845 | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. |
|
| Indiana 6 | George G. Dunn | Whig | 1847 | Incumbent retired. Democratic gain. |
|
| Indiana 7 | Richard W. Thompson | Whig | 1841 1843(retired) 1847 | Incumbent renominated but withdrew. Whig hold. |
|
| Indiana 8 | John Pettit | Democratic | 1843 | Incumbent lost renomination. Democratic hold. |
|
| Indiana 9 | Charles W. Cathcart | Democratic | 1845 | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. |
|
| Indiana 10 | William R. Rockhill | Democratic | 1847 | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. |
|
Elections were held August 7, 1848.
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| Iowa 1 | William Thompson | Democratic | 1847 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Iowa 2 | Shepherd Leffler | Democratic | 1846 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Elections were held August 6, 1849, after the March 4, 1849 beginning of the term, but before the House first convened in December 1849.
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| Kentucky 1 | Linn Boyd | Democratic | 1835 1837(lost) 1839 | Incumbent re-elected. | |
| Kentucky 2 | Samuel Peyton | Democratic | 1847 | Incumbent retired. Whig gain. |
|
| Kentucky 3 | Beverly L. Clarke | Democratic | 1847 | Incumbent retired. Whig gain. |
|
| Kentucky 4 | Aylette Buckner | Whig | 1847 | Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic gain. |
|
| Kentucky 5 | John Burton Thompson | Whig | 1840(special) 1843(retired) 1847 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Kentucky 6 | Green Adams | Whig | 1847 | Incumbent retired. Whig hold. |
|
| Kentucky 7 | Garnett Duncan | Whig | 1847 | Incumbent retired. Whig hold. |
|
| Kentucky 8 | Charles S. Morehead | Whig | 1847 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Kentucky 9 | Richard French | Democratic | 1835 1837(lost) 1843 1845(lost) 1847 | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. |
|
| Kentucky 10 | John P. Gaines | Whig | 1847 | Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic gain. |
|
Elections were held November 5, 1849, after the March 4, 1849 beginning of the term, but before the House first convened in December 1849.
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| Louisiana 1 | Emile La Sére | Democratic | 1846(special) | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Louisiana 2 | Bannon G. Thibodeaux | Whig | 1844 | Incumbent retired. Whig hold. |
|
| Louisiana 3 | John H. Harmanson | Democratic | 1845(special) | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Louisiana 4 | Isaac E. Morse | Democratic | 1844(special) | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Elections were held September 11, 1848.
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| Maine 1 | David Hammons | Democratic | 1846 | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. |
|
| Maine 2 | Asa Clapp | Democratic | 1847 | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. |
|
| Maine 3 | Hiram Belcher | Whig | 1846 | Incumbent retired. Whig hold. |
|
| Maine 4 | Franklin Clark | Democratic | 1847 | Incumbent lost re-election. Whig gain. |
|
| Maine 5 | Ephraim K. Smart | Democratic | 1847 | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. |
|
| Maine 6 | James S. Wiley | Democratic | 1847 | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. |
|
| Maine 7 | Hezekiah Williams | Democratic | 1844 | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. |
|
Elections were held October 3, 1849 elections were after the March 4, 1849 beginning of the new term, but still before the Congress convened in December 1849.
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| Maryland 1 | John G. Chapman | Whig | 1845 | Incumbent retired. Whig hold. |
|
| Maryland 2 | James Dixon Roman | Whig | 1847 | Incumbent retired. Democratic gain. |
|
| Maryland 3 | Thomas Watkins Ligon | Democratic | 1845 | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. |
|
| Maryland 4 | Robert Milligan McLane | Democratic | 1847 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Maryland 5 | Alexander Evans | Whig | 1847 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Maryland 6 | John W. Crisfield | Whig | 1847 | Incumbent retired. Whig hold. |
|
Elections were held November 13, 1848.
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| Massachusetts 1 | Robert C. Winthrop | Whig | 1840(special) 1842(resigned) 1842(special) | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Massachusetts 2 | Daniel P. King | Whig | 1843 | Incumbent re-elected. | First ballot(November 13, 1848)
|
| Massachusetts 3 | Amos Abbott | Whig | 1844(late) | Incumbent retired. Whig hold. |
|
| Massachusetts 4 | John G. Palfrey | Whig | 1846 | Incumbent lost re-election as Free Soil candidate. No member elected due to failure to achieve majority vote. Whig loss. | First ballot(November 13, 1848)
Second ballot(January 1, 1849)
Third ballot(March 5, 1849)
Fourth ballot(June 11, 1849)
Fifth ballot(September 10, 1849)
Sixth ballot(November 12, 1849)
Seventh ballot(January 21, 1850)
Eighth ballot(March 4, 1850)
Ninth ballot(May 27, 1850)
Tenth ballot(August 19, 1850)
Eleventh ballot(November 11, 1850)
Twelfth ballot(January 20, 1851)
|
| Massachusetts 5 | Charles Hudson | Whig | 1841(special) | Incumbent lost re-election. Free Soil gain. | First ballot(November 13, 1848)
|
| Massachusetts 6 | George Ashmun | Whig | 1844 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Massachusetts 7 | Julius Rockwell | Whig | 1844(late) | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Massachusetts 8 | Horace Mann | Whig | 1848(special) | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Massachusetts 9 | Artemas Hale | Whig | 1846(late) | Incumbent retired. Whig hold. | First ballot(November 13, 1848)
|
| Massachusetts 10 | Joseph Grinnell | Whig | 1843(special) | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Elections were held November 7, 1848.
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| Michigan 1 | Robert McClelland | Democratic | 1843 | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. |
|
| Michigan 2 | Charles E. Stuart | Democratic | 1847(special) | Incumbent lost re-election. Whig gain. |
|
| Michigan 3 | Kinsley S. Bingham | Democratic | 1846 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
SeeNon-voting delegates, below.
Elections were held November 5–6, 1849, after the March 4, 1849 beginning of the term, but before the House first convened in December 1849.
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| Mississippi 1 | Jacob Thompson | Democratic | 1839 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Mississippi 2 | Winfield S. Featherston | Democratic | 1847 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Mississippi 3 | Patrick W. Tompkins | Whig | 1847 | Incumbent retired. Democratic gain. |
|
| Mississippi 4 | Albert G. Brown | Democratic | 1847 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Elections were held August 7, 1848.
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| Missouri 1 | James B. Bowlin | Democratic | 1842 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Missouri 2 | John Jameson | Democratic | 1839(special) 1840(retired) 1842 1844(retired) 1846 | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. |
|
| Missouri 3 | James S. Green | Democratic | 1846 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Missouri 4 | Willard P. Hall | Democratic | 1846 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Missouri 5 | John S. Phelps | Democratic | 1844 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Elections were held March 13, 1849, after the March 4, 1849 beginning of the term, but before the House first convened in December 1849.
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| New Hampshire 1 | Amos Tuck | Independent | 1847 | Incumbent re-elected as a Free Soiler. Free Soil gain. |
|
| New Hampshire 2 | Charles H. Peaslee | Democratic | 1847 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| New Hampshire 3 | James Wilson II | Whig | 1847 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| New Hampshire 4 | James Hutchins Johnson | Democratic | 1845 | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. |
|
Elections were held November 7, 1848.
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| New Jersey 1 | James G. Hampton | Whig | 1844 | Incumbent retired. Whig hold. |
|
| New Jersey 2 | William A. Newell | Whig | 1846 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| New Jersey 3 | Joseph E. Edsall | Democratic | 1844 | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. |
|
| New Jersey 4 | John Van Dyke | Whig | 1846 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| New Jersey 5 | Dudley S. Gregory | Whig | 1846 | Incumbent retired. Whig hold. |
|
Elections were held November 7, 1848.
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| New York 1 | Frederick William Lord | Democratic | 1846 | Incumbent retired. Whig gain. |
|
| New York 2 | Henry C. Murphy | Democratic | 1842 1844(lost) 1846 | Incumbent retired. Whig gain. |
|
| New York 3 | Henry Nicoll | Democratic | 1846 | Incumbent retired. Whig gain. |
|
| New York 4 | William B. Maclay | Democratic | 1842 | Incumbent lost re-election. Whig gain. |
|
| New York 5 | Frederick A. Tallmadge | Whig | 1846 | Incumbent retired. Whig hold. |
|
| New York 6 | Vacant | Rep.David S. Jackson (D) was vacated from his seat on April 19, 1848, after an election contest. Whig gain. Winner was not elected the same day to finish the current term;see above. |
| ||
| New York 7 | William Nelson | Whig | 1846 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| New York 8 | Cornelius Warren | Whig | 1846 | Incumbent retired. Whig hold. |
|
| New York 9 | Daniel B. St. John | Whig | 1846 | Incumbent retired. Whig hold. |
|
| New York 10 | Eliakim Sherrill | Whig | 1846 | Incumbent retired. Whig hold. |
|
| New York 11 | Peter H. Silvester | Whig | 1846 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| New York 12 | Gideon Reynolds | Whig | 1846 | Incumbent re-elected as an Anti-Rent Whig. |
|
| New York 13 | John I. Slingerland | Whig | 1846 | Incumbent retired. Whig hold. |
|
| New York 14 | Orlando Kellogg | Whig | 1846 | Incumbent retired. Whig hold. |
|
| New York 15 | Sidney Lawrence | Democratic | 1846 | Incumbent lost re-election as Free Soil candidate. Whig gain. |
|
| New York 16 | Hugh White | Whig | 1844 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| New York 17 | George Petrie | Independent Democratic | 1846 | Incumbent retired. Whig gain. |
|
| New York 18 | William Collins | Democratic | 1846 | Incumbent retired. Free Soil gain. |
|
| New York 19 | Joseph Mullin | Whig | 1846 | Incumbent retired. Whig hold. |
|
| New York 20 | Timothy Jenkins | Democratic | 1844 | Incumbent retired. Whig gain. |
|
| New York 21 | George Anson Starkweather | Democratic | 1846 | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. |
|
| New York 22 | Ausburn Birdsall | Democratic | 1846 | Incumbent retired. Whig gain. |
|
| New York 23 | William Duer | Whig | 1846 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| New York 24 | Daniel Gott | Whig | 1846 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| New York 25 | Harmon S. Conger | Whig | 1846 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| New York 26 | William T. Lawrence | Whig | 1846 | Incumbent retired. Whig hold. |
|
| New York 27 | Vacant | Rep.John M. Holley (W) died March 8, 1848. Whig hold. Winner was not elected the same day to finish the current term;see above. |
| ||
| New York 28 | Elias B. Holmes | Whig | 1844 | Incumbent retired. Whig hold. |
|
| New York 29 | Robert L. Rose | Whig | 1846 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| New York 30 | David Rumsey | Whig | 1846 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| New York 31 | Dudley Marvin | Whig | 1822 1828(lost) 1846 | Incumbent retired. Whig hold. |
|
| New York 32 | Nathan K. Hall | Whig | 1846 | Incumbent retired. Whig hold. |
|
| New York 33 | Harvey Putnam | Whig | 1838(special) 1838(retired) 1846 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| New York 34 | Washington Hunt | Whig | 1842 | Incumbent retired. Whig hold. |
|
Elections were held August 7, 1849, after the March 4, 1849 beginning of the term, but before the House first convened in December 1849.
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| North Carolina 1 | Thomas L. Clingman | Whig | 1843 1845(lost) 1847 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| North Carolina 2 | Nathaniel Boyden | Whig | 1847 | Incumbent retired. Whig hold. |
|
| North Carolina 3 | Daniel Moreau Barringer | Whig | 1843 | Incumbent retired. Whig hold. |
|
| North Carolina 4 | Augustine Henry Shepperd | Whig | 1827 1839(lost) 1841 1843(retired) 1847 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| North Carolina 5 | Abraham Watkins Venable | Democratic | 1847 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| North Carolina 6 | John R. J. Daniel | Democratic | 1841 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| North Carolina 7 | James Iver McKay | Democratic | 1831 | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. |
|
| North Carolina 8 | Richard Spaight Donnell | Whig | 1847 | Incumbent retired. Whig hold. |
|
| North Carolina 9 | David Outlaw | Whig | 1847 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Elections were held October 10, 1848.
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| Ohio 1 | James J. Faran | Democratic | 1844 | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. |
|
| Ohio 2 | David Fisher | Whig | 1846 | Incumbent retired. Whig hold. |
|
| Ohio 3 | Robert C. Schenck | Whig | 1843 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Ohio 4 | Richard S. Canby | Whig | 1846 | Incumbent retired. Whig hold. |
|
| Ohio 5 | William Sawyer | Democratic | 1844 | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. |
|
| Ohio 6 | Rodolphus Dickinson | Democratic | 1846 | Incumbent re-elected. Incumbent then died March 20, 1849, leading to a special election;see above. |
|
| Ohio 7 | Jonathan D. Morris | Democratic | 1847(special) | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Ohio 8 | John L. Taylor | Whig | 1846 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Ohio 9 | Thomas O. Edwards | Whig | 1846 | Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic gain. |
|
| Ohio 10 | Daniel Duncan | Whig | 1846 | Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic gain. |
|
| Ohio 11 | John K. Miller | Democratic | 1846 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Ohio 12 | Samuel F. Vinton | Whig | 1822 1836(retired) 1843 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Ohio 13 | Thomas Ritchey | Democratic | 1846 | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. |
|
| Ohio 14 | Nathan Evans | Whig | 1846 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Ohio 15 | William Kennon Jr. | Democratic | 1846 | Incumbent lost re-election. Whig gain. |
|
| Ohio 16 | John D. Cummins | Democratic | 1844 | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. |
|
| Ohio 17 | George Fries | Democratic | 1844 | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. |
|
| Ohio 18 | Samuel Lahm | Democratic | 1846 | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. |
|
| Ohio 19 | John Crowell | Whig | 1846 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Ohio 20 | Joshua Reed Giddings | Whig | 1838(special) 1842(resigned) 1842(special) | Incumbent re-elected as a Free Soiler. Free Soil gain. |
|
| Ohio 21 | Joseph M. Root | Whig | 1844 | Incumbent re-elected as a Free Soiler. Free Soil gain. |
|
SeeNon-voting delegates, below.
Elections were held October 10, 1848.
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| Pennsylvania 1 | Lewis Charles Levin | Know Nothing | 1844 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Pennsylvania 2 | Joseph Reed Ingersoll | Whig | 1834 1836(retired) 1841(special) | Incumbent declined to accept renomination. Whig hold. |
|
| Pennsylvania 3 | Charles Brown | Democratic | 1840 1842(retired) 1846 | Incumbent retired. Whig gain. |
|
| Pennsylvania 4 | Charles Jared Ingersoll | Democratic | 1812 1814(lost) 1840 | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. |
|
| Pennsylvania 5 | John Freedley | Whig | 1846 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Pennsylvania 6 | Samuel A. Bridges | Democratic | 1848(special) | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. |
|
| Pennsylvania 7 | Abraham Robinson McIlvaine | Whig | 1843 | Incumbent lost renomination. Whig hold. |
|
| Pennsylvania 8 | John Strohm | Whig | 1844 | Incumbent retired. Whig hold. |
|
| Pennsylvania 9 | William Strong | Democratic | 1846 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Pennsylvania 10 | Richard Brodhead | Democratic | 1843 | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. |
|
| Pennsylvania 11 | Chester P. Butler | Whig | 1846 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Pennsylvania 12 | David Wilmot | Democratic | 1844 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Pennsylvania 13 | James Pollock | Whig | 1844(special) | Incumbent retired. Whig hold. |
|
| Pennsylvania 14 | George Nicholas Eckert | Whig | 1846 | Incumbent retired. Whig hold. |
|
| Pennsylvania 15 | Henry Nes | Whig | 1843 1844(retired) 1846 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Pennsylvania 16 | Jasper Ewing Brady | Whig | 1846 | Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic gain. |
|
| Pennsylvania 17 | John Blanchard | Whig | 1844 | Incumbent retired. Whig hold. |
|
| Pennsylvania 18 | Andrew Stewart | Whig | 1820 1828(lost) 1830 1834(lost) 1843 | Incumbent retired. Whig hold. |
|
| Pennsylvania 19 | Job Mann | Democratic | 1834 1836(lost) 1846 | Incumbent re-elected. | |
| Pennsylvania 20 | John Dickey | Whig | 1843 1844(retired) 1846 | Incumbent retired. Whig hold. |
|
| Pennsylvania 21 | Moses Hampton | Whig | 1846 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Pennsylvania 22 | John W. Farrelly | Whig | 1846 | Incumbent retired. Free Soil gain. |
|
| Pennsylvania 23 | James Thompson | Democratic | 1844 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Pennsylvania 24 | Alexander Irvin | Whig | 1846 | Incumbent retired. Democratic gain. |
|
Elections were held April 4, 1849, after the March 4, 1849 beginning of the term, but before the House first convened in December 1849.
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| Rhode Island 1 | Robert B. Cranston | Whig | 1837 1843(retired) 1847 | Incumbent retired. Whig hold. |
|
| Rhode Island 2 | Benjamin B. Thurston | Democratic | 1847 | Incumbent lost re-election. Whig gain. | First ballot(April 4, 1849)
|
Elections were held October 9–10, 1848.
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| South Carolina 1 | Daniel Wallace | Democratic | 1848(special) | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| South Carolina 2 | Richard F. Simpson | Democratic | 1843 | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. |
|
| South Carolina 3 | Joseph A. Woodward | Democratic | 1843 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| South Carolina 4 | Alexander D. Sims | Democratic | 1844 | Incumbent re-elected. Incumbent then died November 22, 1848, leading to two special elections;see above. |
|
| South Carolina 5 | Armistead Burt | Democratic | 1843 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| South Carolina 6 | Isaac E. Holmes | Democratic | 1838 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| South Carolina 7 | Robert Barnwell Rhett | Democratic | 1836 | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. |
|
Elections were held August 2, 1849.
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| Tennessee 1 | Andrew Johnson | Democratic | 1842 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Tennessee 2 | William M. Cocke | Whig | 1845 | Incumbent lost re-election as a Democrat. Whig hold. |
|
| Tennessee 3 | John H. Crozier | Whig | 1845 | Incumbent retired. Whig hold. |
|
| Tennessee 4 | Hugh L.W. Hill | Democratic | 1847 | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. |
|
| Tennessee 5 | George W. Jones | Democratic | 1842 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Tennessee 6 | James H. Thomas | Democratic | 1847 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Tennessee 7 | Meredith P. Gentry | Whig | 1839 1842(retired) 1845 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Tennessee 8 | Washington Barrow | Whig | 1847 | Incumbent retired. Democratic gain. |
|
| Tennessee 9 | Lucien B. Chase | Democratic | 1845 | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. |
|
| Tennessee 10 | Frederick P. Stanton | Democratic | 1845 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Tennessee 11 | William T. Haskell | Whig | 1847 | Incumbent retired. Whig hold. |
|
Elections were held August 6, 1849.
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| Texas 1 | David S. Kaufman | Democratic | 1846 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Texas 2 | Timothy Pilsbury | Democratic | 1846 | Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic hold. |
|
Elections were held September 5, 1848.
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates[12] | |
| Vermont 1 | William Henry | Whig | 1846 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Vermont 2 | Jacob Collamer | Whig | 1843 | Incumbent retired. Whig hold. | First ballot(September 5, 1848)
|
| Vermont 3 | George P. Marsh | Whig | 1843 | Incumbent re-elected. Incumbent then resigned May 29, 1849, leading to a special election;see above. | First ballot(September 5, 1848)
|
| Vermont 4 | Lucius B. Peck | Democratic | 1846 | Incumbent re-elected. | First ballot(September 5, 1848)
|
Elections were held April 26, 1849, after the March 4, 1849 beginning of the term, but before the House first convened in December 1849.
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates[242] | |
| Virginia 1 | Archibald Atkinson | Democratic | 1843 | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. |
|
| Virginia 2 | Richard Kidder Meade | Democratic | 1847(special) | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Virginia 3 | Thomas Flournoy | Whig | 1847 | Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic gain. |
|
| Virginia 4 | Thomas S. Bocock | Democratic | 1847 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Virginia 5 | William L. Goggin | Whig | 1839 1843(lost) 1844(special) 1845(retired) 1847 | Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic gain. |
|
| Virginia 6 | John Botts | Whig | 1839 1843(lost) 1847 | Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic gain. |
|
| Virginia 7 | Thomas H. Bayly | Democratic | 1844(special) | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Virginia 8 | Richard L. T. Beale | Democratic | 1847 | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. |
|
| Virginia 9 | John Pendleton | Whig | 1845 | Incumbent lost re-election. Independent Whig gain. |
|
| Virginia 10 | Henry Bedinger | Democratic | 1845 | Incumbent lost renomination. Democratic hold. |
|
| Virginia 11 | James McDowell | Democratic | 1846(special) | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
| Virginia 12 | William B. Preston | Whig | 1847 | Incumbent retired. Democratic gain. |
|
| Virginia 13 | Andrew S. Fulton | Whig | 1847 | Incumbent retired. Democratic gain. |
|
| Virginia 14 | Robert A. Thompson | Democratic | 1847 | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. |
|
| Virginia 15 | William G. Brown Sr. | Democratic | 1845 | Incumbent lost renomination. Democratic hold. Winner then died September 8, 1849, leading to a special election;see above. |
|
Wisconsin members were first elected in advance of its June 1848 statehood. It elected two members to finish the current term in the30th Congress, and then it gained an elected an additional member for elections to the31st Congress.
Wisconsin's two members were elected May 8, 1848.
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates[243] | |
| Wisconsin 1 | None (new state) | New seat. Democratic gain. |
| ||
| Wisconsin 2 | None (new state) | New seat. Democratic gain. |
| ||
Wisconsin's three members were elected November 7, 1848.
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates[243] | |
| Wisconsin 1 | William Pitt Lynde | Democratic | 1848 | Incumbent lost re-election. Free Soil gain. |
|
| Wisconsin 2 | Mason C. Darling | Democratic | 1848 | Incumbent retired. Whig gain. |
|
| Wisconsin 3 | None (new district) | New seat. Democratic gain. |
| ||
Going into these elections, there were no incumbent delegates, because the only territory —Wisconsin Territory —became a state in 1848. Two new territories —Minnesota Territory andOregon Territory — were granted delegates in 1849.
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Delegate | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| Minnesota Territory | None (new district) | New seat. New delegate elected August 1, 1849. Democratic gain. |
| ||
| Oregon Territory | None (new district) | New seat. New delegate elected in 1849. Democratic gain. |
| ||
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