United States House of Representatives elections in New York, 1814

← 1812 April 26–28, 1814 1816 →
All 27 New York seats to theUnited States House of Representatives
Majority party Minority party   Party Democratic-Republican Federalist Last election 8 19 Seats won 21 6 Seat change 13 13

The1814 United States House of Representatives elections in New York were held from April 26 to 28, 1814, to elect 27U.S. Representatives to represent the State ofNew York in theUnited States House of Representatives of the14th United States Congress.

27 U.S. Representatives had been elected in December 1812 to a term in the13th United States Congress beginning on March 4, 1813. Representative-elect William Dowse died in February 1813, andJohn M. Bowers was declared elected in a special election, and seated.Isaac Williams, Jr. contested Bowers's election, and succeeded to the seat in January 1814.Egbert Benson resigned his seat in August 1812, andWilliam Irving was elected to fill the vacancy. The representatives' term would end on March 3, 1815. The congressional elections were held together with the State elections in late April 1814, about ten months before the term would start on March 4, 1815, and about a year and a half before Congress actually met on December 4, 1815.

The districts remained the same as at the previous elections in 1812, only one new county was created: in the 12th D., Warren Co. was split from Washington Co.

• The1st District (two seats) comprising the 1st and 2nd Ward ofNew York County, andKings,Queens,Suffolk andRichmond counties.
• The2nd District (two seats) comprising the other eight wards of New York County.
• The3rd District comprisingWestchester andRockland counties.
• The4th District comprisingDutchess County, except the towns ofRhinebeck andClinton; andPutnam County.
• The5th District comprisingColumbia County; and Rhinebeck and Clinton in Dutchess County.
• The6th District comprisingOrange County.
• The7th District comprisingUlster andSullivan counties.
• The8th District comprisingDelaware andGreene counties.
• The9th District comprisingAlbany County.
• The10h District comprisingRensselaer County.
• The11th District comprisingSaratoga County.
• The12th District (two seats) comprisingClinton,Essex,Franklin,Washington andWarren counties.
• The13th District comprisingSchenectady andSchoharie counties.
• The14th District comprisingMontgomery County.
• The15th District (two seats) comprisingChenango,Broome andOtsego counties.
• The16h District comprisingOneida County.
• The17th District comprisingHerkimer andMadison counties.
• The18h District comprisingSt. Lawrence,Jefferson andLewis counties.
• The19th District comprisingOnondaga andCortland counties.
• The20th District (two seats) comprisingTioga,Steuben,Cayuga andSeneca counties.
• The21st District (two seats) comprisingOntario,Genesee,Allegany,Niagara andChautauqua counties.

Note: There are now 62 counties in the State ofNew York. The counties which are not mentioned in this list had not yet been established, or sufficiently organized, the area being included in one or more of the abovementioned counties.

19 Democratic-Republicans and 8 Federalists were declared elected to the 14th Congress. The incumbents Irving, Grosvenor, Lovett, Moffitt, Taylor, Kent and Comstock were re-elected; the incumbents Winter, Shipherd and Geddes were defeated. Adams and Smith, both Federalists, had credentials issued but their Democratic-Republican opponents successfully contested the elections, so that New York was represented by 21 Democratic-Republicans and 6 Federalists in the 14th Congress.

Note: The Anti-Federalists called themselves "Republicans." However, at the same time, the Federalists called them "Democrats" which was meant to be pejorative. After some time both terms got more and more confused, and sometimes used together as "Democratic Republicans" which later historians have adopted (with a hyphen) to describe the party from the beginning, to avoid confusion with both the later established and still existingDemocratic andRepublican parties.

Benjamin Pond, elected in the 12th District, died on October 6, 1814, before the congressional term began. A special election to fill the vacancy was held at the time of the annual State election in April 1815, and was won byAsa Adgate, of the same party.

Jonathan Fisk, elected in the 6th District, accepted in March 1815 an appointment asUnited States Attorney for the Southern District of New York, and resigned his seat. A special election to fill the vacancy was held at the time of the annual State election in April 1815, and was won byJames W. Wilkin, of the same party.

The House of Representatives of the14th United States Congress met for the first time at theOld Brick Capitol inWashington, D.C., on December 4, 1815, and Betts, Birdsall, Brooks, Comstock, Crocheron, Gold, Hammond, Lovett, Moffitt, Savage, Schenck, Taylor, Throop, Townsend, Ward and Wilkin took their seats on this day. Adgate took his seat on December 7; Porter on December 11; Cady on December 12; Kent on December 13; Grosvenor and Yates on December 18; Birdseye on December 20; Wendover on December 21; and Irving on January 22, 1816.^[16]

Westel Willoughby, Jr. contested the election ofWilliam S. Smith in the 17th District. TheCommittee on Elections found that the election inspectors in the towns ofGerman Flatts andLitchfield had returned 299 votes for "Westel Willoughby" although all these votes had in fact been given for "Westel Willoughby, Jr." TheSecretary of State of New York, receiving the abovementioned result, issued credentials for Smith. On February 23, 1815, Willoughby, Jr., gave notice to Smith, informing that he would claim the seat, and appointed a time and place to take testimony. Smith did not appear in Congress to claim the seat, and on December 13, 1815, the House declared Willoughby, Jr., entitled to the seat instead of Smith, and Willoughby, Jr., took his seat.^[17]

Erastus Root contested the election ofJohn Adams in the 8th District. TheCommittee on Elections found that a deputy county clerk ofGreene Co. had mistakenly written Root's name as "Rott" when transcribing the returns from the towns ofCatskill,New Baltimore,Coxsackie,Durham andGreenville. TheSecretary of State of New York, receiving the abovementioned result, issued credentials for Adams, but Adams did not appear to claim the seat. A total of 576 votes had been given for Root in these towns and, added to the correctly transcribed returns, gave him a majority of 246 in the district. On December 26, 1815, the House declared Root entitled to the seat instead of Adams, and Root took his seat.^[18]

Peter B. Porter had been appointed a Commissioner under theTreaty of Ghent. Article I, Section 6, of the United States Constitution says that "...no Person holding any Office under the United States, shall be a Member of either House during his Continuance in Office." Porter was determined to keep his seat, but after some debate, resigned on January 23, 1816.^[19] A special election to fill the vacancy was held at the time of the annual State election in April 1816, and was won byArchibald S. Clarke, of the same party. Clarke took his seat on December 2, 1816.

After being defeated for re-election,Enos T. Throop resigned his seat on June 4, 1816. A special election to fill the vacancy was held in September 1816, and was won byDaniel Avery, of the same party. Avery took his seat on December 3, 1816.

• The New York Civil List compiled in 1858 (see: pg. 66 for district apportionment; pg. 70 for Congressmen)
• Members of the Fourteenth United States Congress
• Election result 1st D. at project "A New Nation Votes", compiled byPhil Lampi, hosted byTufts University Digital Library
• Election result 2nd D. at "A New Nation Votes"
• Election result 3rd D. at "A New Nation Votes"
• Election result 4th D. at "A New Nation Votes"
• Election result 5th D. at "A New Nation Votes"
• Election result 6th D. at "A New Nation Votes"
• Election result 7th D. at "A New Nation Votes"
• Election result 8th D. at "A New Nation Votes" [gives total vote of 2,214 for Root; the newspaper editor was not aware of the deputy county clerk's mistake]
• Election result 9th D. at "A New Nation Votes"
• Election result 10th D. at "A New Nation Votes"
• Election result 11th D. at "A New Nation Votes"
• Election result 12th D. at "A New Nation Votes"
• Election result 13th D. at "A New Nation Votes"
• Election result 14th D. at "A New Nation Votes"
• Election result 15th D. at "A New Nation Votes"
• Election result 16th D. at "A New Nation Votes"
• Election result 17th D. at "A New Nation Votes" [gives total vote of 2,783 for Willoughby, Jr.; the newspaper editor was not aware of the election inspectors' mistake]
• Election result 18th D. at "A New Nation Votes"
• Election result 19th D. at "A New Nation Votes"
• Election result 20th D. at "A New Nation Votes"
• Election result 21st D. at "A New Nation Votes"
• 1815 Special election result 6th D. at "A New Nation Votes"
• 1815 Special election result 12th D. at "A New Nation Votes"
• 1816 Special election result 20th D. at "A New Nation Votes"

• United States House of Representatives elections in New York (state)
• 1814 United States House of Representatives elections
• 1814 New York (state) elections
• April 1814

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