Calendar year
November 17 :Battle of Arcole : French General Napoleon Bonaparte leads troops in defeat of the Austrian Army1796 by topic Arts and science Countries Lists of leaders Birth and death categories Establishments and disestablishments categories Works category
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1796 .
May 10 :Battle of Lodi , (Musée de la Révolution française ).1796 (MDCCXCVI ) was aleap year starting on Friday of theGregorian calendar and aleap year starting on Tuesday of theJulian calendar , the 1796th year of theCommon Era (CE) andAnno Domini 2nd millennium , the 96th year of the18th century , and the 7th year of the1790s decade. As of the start of 1796, the Gregorian calendar was 11 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923.
Calendar year
April 2 – The only night of the supposedShakespearean playVortigern and Rowena William Henry Ireland ) ends in the audience's laughter.April 12 – War of theFirst Coalition –Battle of Montenotte :Napoleon Bonaparte gains his first victory as an army commander.April 21 - War of the First Coalition -Battle of Mondovi : Napoleon Bonaparte decisively defeats the army of Piedmont Sardinia, leaving its capital of Turin defenseless. This convinces Piedmont to sign an armistice and withdraw from the war, turning the war in Italy decisively in France's favor.April 26 – The French proclaim theRepublic of Alba on the occupied territories. Two days later, KingVictor Amadeus III of Sardinia signs theArmistice of Cherasco , in the headquarters of Napoleon. The fortresses ofConi ,Tortoni andAlessandria , with all their guns, are given up.[ 4] April 27 –Case of the Lyons Mail : During the night, five highwaymen attack the mail between Paris andLyon , kill the postmen and steal the funds sent to the armies in Italy.April 28 – In an impassioned speech, U.S. RepresentativeFisher Ames of Massachusetts persuades his fellow members of the House to support the Jay Treaty.[ 2] May 6 – Napoleon Bonaparte forms an advanced guard (3,500 infantry and 1,500 cavalry) under GeneralClaude Dallemagne . He sends this force along the south bank of thePo River , to cross it with boats atPiacenza .[ 5] May 10 May 14 –Edward Jenner administers the firstsmallpox vaccination , in England.May 15 –Napoleon 's troops takeMilan .May 20 – The last mockGarrat Elections are held inSurrey , England.June 1 June 4 - TheSiege of Mantua (1796-1797) begins when Napoleon lays siege to the city of Mantua, Austria's final stronghold in Northern Italy. The siege, and Austria's attempts to relieve it, will take the majority of the Italian campaign.June 6 –7 – Ragunda lake in Sweden bursts and drains completely leaving theDöda fallet dry.June 21 – Scottish explorerMungo Park becomes the first European to reach theNiger River .[ 1] June 23 – Napoleon Bonaparte seizes thePapal States , which become part of the revolutionaryCisalpine Republic . PopePius VI signs theArmistice of Bologna , and is forced to pay a contribution (34 million francs).July 10 –Carl Friedrich Gauss discovers that every positive integer is representable as a sum of at most 3triangular numbers .July 11 – The United States takes possession ofDetroit from Great Britain, under the terms of theJay Treaty .July 21 –Mungo Park reachesSégou , the capital of theBamana Empire .July 22 – Surveyors of theConnecticut Land Company name an area inOhio Cleveland Gen. Moses Cleaveland , thesuperintendent of the surveying party.July 29 – TheHabsburg army underMarshal Wurmser advances from theAlps , and capturesRivoli andVerona . The French abandon the east bank of theMincio River , the outnumbered division (15,000 men) ofMasséna retreats towardsLake Garda .August 4 –French Revolutionary Wars :Battle of Lonato – TheFrench Army of Italy under Napoleon crushes an Austrian brigade.August 5 –French Revolutionary Wars :Battle of Castiglione – The French Army of Italy under Napoleon defeats the Habsburg army (25,000 men) under Marshal Wurmser, who thus fails to break theSiege of Mantua (1796–97) , and is forced to retreat north up theAdige Valley .August 9 – TheWearmouth Bridge in England, designed byRowland Burdon incast iron , opens to traffic. Its span of 72 m (236 ft) makes it the world's longest single-span vehicular bridge extant at this date.[ 6] [ 7] [ 8] August 10 – A mob of peasants overtakes theConvent of St. Peter (Bludenz, Austria) and murdersIgnaz Anton von Indermauer .August 19 –Second Treaty of San Ildefonso : Spain and France form an alliance against Great Britain.September 2 –Jewish emancipation in theBatavian Republic (Netherlands).September 8 –French Revolutionary Wars :Battle of Bassano – French forces (20,000 men) under Napoleon Bonaparte andAndré Masséna defeat the Austrians inVeneto . Wurmser retreats towardsVicenza with just 3,500 men of his original 11,000 left to him.September 9 –French Revolutionary Wars :Action of 9 September 1796 – A naval engagement between French and British squadrons offSumatra ends inconclusively.September 9 –Grenelle camp affair , a failed uprising by supporters ofGracchus Babeuf against theFrench Directory September 15 –Siege of Mantua : Napoleon Bonaparte fights a pitched battle atLa Favorita on the east side of the Mincio River. The Austrians withdraw into the fortress ofMantua , which is crowded with nearly 30,000 men. Within six weeks, 4,000 die from wounds or sickness.[ 9] September 17 – U.S. PresidentGeorge Washington issues hisFarewell Address [ 2] September 28 – EmpressCatherine the Great signs an agreement with Great Britain, formally joining Russia to the coalition.The Spanish government lifts the restrictions against neutrals trading with the colonies, thus acknowledging Spain's inability to supply the colonies with needed goods and markets. Robert Burns 's version of theScots poemAuld Lang Syne TheScots Musical Museum .[ 12] Annual British iron production reaches 125,000 tons. Rizla rolling papers established.
Johann Baptist Streicher born3 January Julia Rush Cutler Ward born5 January Karl Ernst Claus born23 January Jean Reboul born23 January Nathaniel Jocelyn born31 January Erasmus Engert born4 February Léon Talabot born5 February John Stevens Henslow born6 February Marie-Françoise Perroton born7 February Valentín Carderera born14 February Pyotr Anjou born15 February Frederick William Beechey born17 February Gabriel Delafosse born24 February Carl Axel Gottlund born24 February Louis-Tancrède Bouthillier born1 March Orra White Hitchcock born8 March Peter Johnson Gulick born12 March Georgiana Astley born16 March Jakob Steiner born18 March Raymond Bonheur born20 March Laurent-Joseph-Marius Imbert born23 March Zulma Carraud born24 March Richard Biddle born25 March Jean-Claude Bonnefond born27 March Elijah Iles born28 March Theodor Brüggemann born31 March Date Chikamune born9 April Stanisław Jachowicz born17 April Princess Maria Ferdinanda of Saxony born27 April Walter Henry Medhurst born29 April Junius Brutus Booth born1 May Arabella Sullivan born1 May Colm de Bhailís born2 May William H. Prescott born4 May Johann Baptist Isenring born12 May Vince Stingl born23 May Nicolas Léonard Sadi Carnot born1 June Eugénie Foa born10 June Mary Grimstone born12 June Nikolai Brashman born14 June Mathilda d'Orozco born14 June Carlotta Marchionni born14 June Rafael Barišić born24 June Ernst Mayer born24 June Caroline Amalie of Augustenburg born28 June Michael Thonet born2 July Maria Martin born6 July María Josefa García Granados born10 July Jean-Baptiste-Camille Corot born16 July Franz Berwald born23 July Lizinska de Mirbel born26 July Eliza Henderson Boardman Otis born27 July Pavel Stroyev born27 July Pakubuwono VII born28 July Walter Hunt born29 July Mary Euphrasia Pelletier born31 July Michael Banim born5 August John Torrey born15 August Agnes Strickland born19 August Dhian Singh born22 August James Lick born25 August Joanna Quiner born27 August Sophia Smith (Smith College) born27 August William Hiley Bathurst born28 August James Apjohn born1 September Peter Fendi born4 September Sarah Preston Hale born5 September Uriel Crocker born12 September Hartley Coleridge born19 September Jonathan Smith Green born29 September Princess Frederica of Prussia, Duchess of Anhalt-Dessau born30 September Louise Swanton Belloc born1 October Cornelia Frances Jefferson born1 October Thomas T. Fauntleroy (soldier) born6 October Anders Retzius born13 October Date Narimune born15 October Leopold Kupelwieser born17 October Remexido born19 October Gottfried Osann born26 October Ottilie von Goethe born31 October Phan Thanh Giản born11 November Friederike Funk born14 November Henry Dangar born18 November Stephan Ludwig Roth born24 November Andreas von Ettingshausen born25 November Abdollah Mirza Dara born25 November Emilie Zumsteeg born9 December George Storrs born13 December Lilburn Boggs born14 December Fernán Caballero born25 December Hugh Lee Pattinson born25 December Johann Christian Poggendorff born29 December January 1 January 3 January 4 –Henry George Bohn , British publisher (d.1884 )January 5 January 7 January 8 January 9 –Campbell Riddell , Australian public servant (d.1858 )January 10 –Leonard Dupont , French naturalist (d.1828 )January 12 –Paul Briquet , French physician (d.1881 )January 13 –Charles Shore, 2nd Baron Teignmouth , member of the United Kingdom Parliament (d.1885 )January 15 January 16 –Robert Carrington, 2nd Baron Carrington , English army officer and politician (d.1847 )January 17 January 18 January 19 –Gaspare Grasselini , Catholic cardinal (d.1875 )January 20 –Jacques-Marie-Adrien-Césaire Mathieu , French cardinal and author (d.1875 )January 21 January 22 –Joseph Parkes , British politician (d.1865 )January 23 January 24 –Nicolas Mori , British musician and publisher (d.1839 )January 25 January 28 –Nathaniel W. Watkins , Confederate Army general (d.1876 )January 29 January 30 January 31 May 1 Junius Brutus Booth , English stage actor, father ofEdwin Booth andJohn Wilkes Booth (d.1852 )Elial T. Foote , American physician, politician, jurist and historian (d.1877 )Alexandru II Ghica , Ruler of Wallachia (d.1862 )George Hussey Packe , MP, army officer, chairman of the Great Northern Railway (d.1874 )Arabella Sullivan , British author (d.1839 )Charles Cushing Wright , American engraver and medalist (d.1857 )May 2 May 3 –Lewis Miller , American artist (d.1882 )May 4 May 5 May 6 May 7 May 8 May 9 May 10 –Ludwig Greiner , Austrian businessman (d.1882 )May 12 May 14 –Samuel Jaudon , American railroad executive (d.1874 )May 15 May 16 –Ambrose Poynter , British architect (d.1886 )May 17 May 20 May 21 May 23 May 24 May 25 May 26 May 27 May 28 May 29 –Jacob G. Davies , American politician (d.1857 )May 30 June 1 June 2 –Jean-Baptiste-Pierre Lafitte , French librettist (d.1879 )June 3 –Dyer Ball , American missionary (d.1866 )June 5 –Alexander W. Brewster , American merchant (d.1851 )June 6 June 9 –Avery Skinner , American politician in New York (d.1876 )June 10 June 11 –François-Louis Cailler , Swiss chocolatier (d.1852 )June 12 June 13 –Charles Eloi Demarquet , French military officer (d.1870 )June 14 June 15 –Joseph-Pierre Braemt , Belgian engraver and medalist (d.1864 )June 16 –François Baucher , French squire (d.1873 )June 18 June 19 June 20 June 21 June 22 –Nikolai Polevoy , Russian historian and writer (d.1846 )June 23 June 24 June 25 – EmperorNicholas I of Russia , Emperor of Russia (d.1855 )June 26 June 27 June 28 June 29 June 30 July 1 July 2 July 3 –Heinrich Moritz Chalybäus , German philosopher (d.1862 )July 4 –John Motley Morehead , American politician (d.1866 )July 5 –Isaac Hays , American journalist (d.1879 )July 6 July 10 July 11 –Carl Fredrik Liljevalch Sr. , Swedish businessman, entrepreneur and diplomat (d.1870 )July 12 July 13 July 14 July 15 July 16 July 18 July 19 –Armand Malitourne , French literary critic (d.1866 )July 20 July 22 –Carlo Pepoli , Italian politician, journalist, and poet (d.1881 )July 23 –Franz Berwald , Swedish composer (d.1868 )July 24 July 25 –Gideon Lane Soule , American educator, principal of Phillips Exeter Academy (d.1879 )July 26 July 27 July 28 July 29 July 30 –Jules Vinçard , French humorist (d.1879 )July 31 December 2 December 3 December 5 December 6 December 7 –Michel Charles Durieu de Maisonneuve , French botanist (d.1878 )December 8 –Ferdinand Wolf , Romance philologist from Austria (d.1866 )December 9 –Emilie Zumsteeg , German composer, music teacher, choir conductor, singer, pianist (d.1857 )December 10 –John Burnet Biddulph , South African explorer (d.1837 )December 11 December 12 –John Stephenson , canadian physician (d.1842 )December 13 –George Storrs , American minister (d.1879 )December 14 December 15 December 17 December 18 December 19 December 20 –Simon Meister , German painter (d.1844 )December 21 –Tomasz Zan , Polish poet (d.1855 )December 22 December 24 –Tytus Działyński , Polish politician (d.1861 )December 25 December 27 December 29 December 30 –Miklós Wesselényi , Hungarian politician (d.1850 )Date unknown Samuel Huntington William Chambers (architect) January 1 January 5 –Samuel Huntington , Connecticut jurist (b.1731 )January 5 –Anna Barbara Reinhart , Swiss mathematician (b.1730 )January 13 –John Anderson , Scottish scientist and inventor (b.1726 )February 7 –Sir Francis Geary, 1st Baronet , officer of the British Royal Navy (b.1709 )February 14 –Samuel Pegge , English antiquary (b.1704 )February 15 –John Caesar Australian bushranger of African descent (b.1763 )February 17 –James Macpherson , Scottish writer (b.1736 )February 25 –Jean-Nicolas Stofflet , French royalist general (executed) (b.1751 )February 28 –Friedrich Wilhelm Rust , German violinist (b.1739 )March 1 –Carl Fredrik Adelcrantz , Swedish architect and civil servant (b.1716 )March 3 –Pierre-René Rogue , French Catholic priest, member of the Congregation of the Mission (b.1758 )March 6 –Guillaume Thomas François Raynal , French writer, man of letters during the Age of Enlightenment (b.1713 )March 10 March 12 –Franz Töpsl , Augustinian Canon Regular (b.1711 )March 16 –Joseph Gerrald , Scottish political reformer (b.1763 )March 19 –Hugh Palliser , British naval officer, administrator (b.1722 )March 26 –François de Charette , French Royalist soldier, politician (b.1763 )March 30 –Princess Augusta Wilhelmine of Hesse-Darmstadt (b.1765 )Ulrika Pasch George Campbell David Rittenhouse Abraham Yates Jr. April 2 –Ulrika Pasch , Swedish rococo painter and miniaturist (b.1735 )April 6 –George Campbell , Scottish minister (b.1719 )April 9 –Frederick Albert, Prince of Anhalt-Bernburg , German prince of the House of Ascania (b.1735 )April 11 –François-Antoine Devaux , French writer (b.1712 )April 16 –Molly Brant MohawkUnited Empire Loyalist (b. c.1736 )April 17 – RajaChamaraja Wodeyar IX of Mysore (b.1774 )April 30 –Franciszka Corvin-Krasińska , Polish noblewoman, morganatic wife of Charles of Saxony (b.1742 )May 1 –Alexandre Guy Pingré , Catholic priest and scientist (b.1711 )May 2 –Juan García Ruiz , bishop of Nueva Segovia (1784–1796) (b.1728 )May 6 –Adolph Freiherr Knigge , German writer, Freemason (b.1752 )May 12 –Johann Uz , German poet (b.1720 )May 13 –John Butler , Loyalist who led an irregular militia unit during the American Revolutionary War (b.1728 )May 17 –Gotthard Friedrich Stender , Baltic-German Lutheran priest who played an outstanding role in Latvia's history of culture (b.1714 )May 28 –Caroline of Stolberg-Gedern , Princess of Stolberg-Gerdern by birth and by marriage a princess of Hohenlohe-Langenburg (b.1732 )May 29 –Carl Fredrik Pechlin , Swedish politician anddemagogue (b.1720 )June 7 –Elisabetta Caminèr Turra , Venetian writer (b.1751 )June 8 June 9 –José Álvarez de Toledo, Duke of Alba , patron of the artist Francisco Goya (b.1756 )June 11 June 14 June 16 June 19 –Consider Tiffany , British loyalist (b.1732 )June 21 –Richard Gridley , American Revolutionary soldier (b.1710 )June 25 –Johann Philipp Siebenkees , German philosopher (b.1759 )June 26 –David Rittenhouse , American astronomer, inventor, mathematician, surveyor, scientific instrument craftsman and public official (b.1732 )June 28 –Antonio Maria Lorgna , Italian mathematician (b.1735 )June 30 –Abraham Yates Jr. , American lawyer, civil servant from Albany (b.1724 )Robert Burns July 8 July 16 July 17 –John Christopher Hartwick , Lutheran minister in Colonial America, founder of Hartwick College (b.1714 )July 20 –John Houstoun , American lawyer, statesman from Savannah (b.1744 )July 21 August 1 August 2 –Sarah Osborn , American writer (b.1714 )August 10 –Ignaz Anton von Indermauer , Austrian nobleman from Tyrol, Landvögte and Kreishauptmann of Vorarlberg (b.1759 )August 12 August 25 –Isaac Parsons , American planter (b.1752 )August 31 –John McKinly , American physician, politician from Wilmington (b.1721 )September 1 –David Murray, 2nd Earl of Mansfield (b.1727 )September 7 –Henri François Lambert , brigadier general of the French revolutionary army (b.1760 )September 11 –Anna Barbara Gignoux , German industrialist (b.1725 )September 20 September 21 –François Séverin Marceau-Desgraviers , French revolutionary general (killed in battle) (b.1769 )September 27 –Jonathan Sewall , last British attorney general of Massachusetts (b.1729 )September 29 –Henry Hamilton , Anglo-Irish soldier, government official of the British Empire (b. c.1734 )Thomas Reid Archibald Montgomerie, 11th Earl of Eglinton October 7 –Thomas Reid , religiously trained Scottish philosopher (b.1710 )October 10 –Juliana Maria of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel (b.1729 )October 16 October 30 –Archibald Montgomerie, 11th Earl of Eglinton , Scottish general (b.1726 )November 8 – KingAng Eng of Cambodia (b.1773 )November 17 – EmpressCatherine II of Russia (b.1729 )[ 14] November 19 –Thomas Thynne, 1st Marquess of Bath (b.1734 )December 2 –Jean Charles Abbatucci , French general during the War of the First Coalition (b.1771 )December 5 –George Mason V , American planter, businessman (b.1753 )December 10 –Israel Jacobs , colonial Pennsylvania Legislator and United States Representative from Pennsylvania (b.1726 )December 12 –William Buller , English clergyman (b.1735 )December 15 –Anthony Wayne ,United States Army officer, statesman, and member of theUnited States House of Representatives (b.1745 )December 16 –Johann Daniel Titius , German astronomer, professor at Wittenberg (b.1729 )December 18 –Lord John Cavendish , British nobleman, statesman (b.1732 )December 19 –Pyotr Rumyantsev , Russian general (b.1725 )December 25 December 28 –Prince Louis Charles of Prussia , son of Frederick William II of Prussia and Frederika Louisa of Hesse-Darmstadt (b.1773 )^a b Williams, Hywel (2005).Cassell's Chronology of World History 346 .ISBN 0-304-35730-8 ^a b c d e Harper's Encyclopaedia of United States History from 458 A. D. to 1909 , ed. by Benson John Lossing and, Woodrow Wilson (Harper & Brothers, 1910) p171.^ Reginald George Burton (2010). Napoleon's Campaigns in Italy 1796–1797 & 1800, p. 22.ISBN 978-0-85706-356-4 ^ Reginald George Burton (2010). Napoleon's Campaigns in Italy 1796–1797 & 1800, p. 33.ISBN 978-0-85706-356-4 ^ Reginald George Burton (2010). Napoleon's Campaigns in Italy 1796–1797 & 1800, p. 43.ISBN 978-0-85706-356-4 ^ Tyrrell, Henry Grattan (1911).History of Bridge Engineering 153 –154. RetrievedAugust 16, 2011 .210. The Sunderland bridge over the Wear at Wearmouth. ^ Troyano, Leonardo Fernández (2003).Bridge Engineering: a Global Perspective . London: Thomas Telford Publishing. p. 49.ISBN 0-7277-3215-3 ^ "Sunderland Wearmouth Bridge" .Wearside Online . Archived fromthe original on November 27, 2011. RetrievedAugust 16, 2011 .^ Boycott-Brown, p. 438. ^a b Burton, Reginald George (2010).Napoleon's Campaigns in Italy 1796–1797 & 1800 . Leonaur Limited. pp. 75– 80.ISBN 978-0-85706-356-4 ^ Charters, Erica; Rosenhaft, Eve; Smith, Hannah (2012).Civilians and War in Europe, 1618-1815 ISBN 978-1-84631-711-8 ^ "Robert Burns – Auld Lang Syne" .BBC . RetrievedJanuary 26, 2012 .^ "Robert Burns (1759-1796)" .National Records of Scotland . May 31, 2013. Archived fromthe original on December 28, 2020. RetrievedJanuary 27, 2023 .^ "Catherine the Great | Biography, Facts, & Accomplishments" .Encyclopedia Britannica . RetrievedMarch 22, 2019 .
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