| 10th Rifle Corps | |
|---|---|
| Russian:10-й стрелковый корпус | |
| Active | July 1922 – June 1960 |
| Country | Soviet Union |
| Branch | Red Army |
| Engagements | |
The10th Rifle Corps (Military Unit Number 16058 until June 1956)[1] was an infantrycorps of theRed Army, which later became the 10th Army Corps after theSecond World War.
The corps was formed by an order dated 12 July 1922 in theWest Siberian Military District[2] atBarnaul. Between May and November 1923, its headquarters was atNovonikolayevsk. In November, under the command of October Revolution and Russian Civil War heroPavel Dybenko, the corps was transferred toKozlov in theMoscow Military District.[3] It was moved toKursk in June 1924, and in 1937 toVoronezh. In September 1939, the corps fought in theSoviet invasion of Poland, occupying what is now western Belarus. From December 1939 to March 1940, the corps participated in theWinter War, fighting as part of the7th Army in the western part of the Karelian Isthmus.[citation needed] After the Winter War ended, the 10th Rifle Corps was relocated back toKrasnoye Urochishche nearMinsk in theBelorussian Special Military District. In June, the corps participated in theSoviet occupation of Lithuania, where it was initially headquartered atŠiauliai as part of theBaltic Special Military District from July, moving toTelšiai in August.[4]
The First Formation was part of the operational army duringWorld War II from June 22, 1941 to September 7, 1941.
On June 22, 1941, when the German invasion of the Soviet Union,Operation Barbarossa, began, the corps and its headquarters was stationed inVarniai (Lithuania). It comprised the10th,48th and90th Rifle Divisions,[5] under Major GeneralIvan Nikolaev. On the right-flank of the corps, the 10th Rifle Division held positions on the border fromPalanga toShvekshny to the right of the67th Rifle Division of the27th Army. On its left, the 90th Rifle Division defended a line 30 kilometers wide, extending south to a junction with troops of the125th Rifle Division of the11th Rifle Corps. The 48th Rifle Division was still moving up and had not yet reached the border. The corps numbered 25,480 men, 453 guns andmortars and 12 lighttanks.
Opposing the corps and larger Soviet forces were the GermanI Army Corps,XXVI Army Corps andXXXVIII Army Corps, and on the leftwing – the tanks of theXXXXI Motorized Corps.
When the invasion began, German troops struck two major blows to the 10th's flanks: the first by the291st Infantry Division, advancing fromMemel toKretinga andPalanga, and the second – by the XXXXI Motorized Corps on its junction with the 125th Rifle Division of the 11th Rifle Corps. The Soviet forces holding the attack's point of impact were quickly broken and part of the body in the early hours of the war was cut off from the north of the 67th Rifle Division, and the south of the 125th Rifle Division, and under the pressure of German troops began to retreat in the direction ofJelgava. On June 23, 1941 the gap between the 10th and 90th Rifle Division reached 20 kilometers. South of the 90th Division the enemy troops rushed to theŠiauliai. Since the band steps troops shell pressure slightly decreased, part of the body, or rather what was left of them, to June 26, 1941 a relatively orderly moved tolineMažeikiai –Kurtuvėnai and then on Riga. By that time, the 90th Rifle Division had virtually ceased to exist and in Riga the22nd Motor Rifle Division NKVD was added to the corps. Within three days of the case were fighting for Riga, but July 1, 1941 finally left the city.
Its next major engagement was theTallinn frontline defensive operation (1941).
The corps' headquarters was disbanded on September 14.
The corps was destroyed in the early fighting of Operation Barbarossa but reformed twice. It was reformed in October 1942, but disbanded in December, then reformed in February 1943, serving until the war ended in May 1945.[6]
After the war, the corps arrived in the Urals Military District comprising the91st,279th, and347th Rifle Divisions. Active in 1948 with three rifle brigades (12th, 14th and 28th), but in June 1957 became 10th Army Corps.[7] In the early 1950s, it may have included the 2552nd Artillery Regiment.[8]
In 1956, the corps moved from the Urals to the Baltic.[9] In July 1957, as part of11th Guards Army, the corps comprised26th Guards Motor Rifle Division and119th Motor Rifle Division, but was disbanded in (June) 1960.[10] It had its headquarters atVilnius.
 Soviet Union corps | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Airborne |
| ||||||
| Artillery | |||||||
| Cavalry |
| ||||||
| Mechanised |
| ||||||
| Rifle |
| ||||||
| Rocket |
| ||||||
| Tank |
| ||||||
| Army corps (1957–1991) |
| ||||||
| Other | |||||||