| Şehzade Cihangir | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 Cihangir's circumcision, 1539 | |||||
| Born | 1531 Old Palace,Constantinople,Ottoman Empire (present dayIstanbul,Turkey) | ||||
| Died | 27 November 1553(1553-11-27) (aged 21–22) Aleppo,Ottoman Empire | ||||
| Burial | Şehzade Mosque, Istanbul | ||||
| |||||
| Dynasty | Ottoman | ||||
| Father | Suleiman the Magnificent | ||||
| Mother | Hürrem Sultan | ||||
| Religion | Sunni Islam | ||||
Şehzade Cihangir (Ottoman Turkish:شهزاده جهانگير; 1531 – 27 November 1553) was an Ottoman prince, the sixth and youngest child of SultanSuleiman the Magnificent and his wifeHürrem Sultan.
Cihangir was born in 1531 in Constantinople[1][2] during the reign of his father,Suleiman the Magnificent. His mother wasHürrem Sultan,[1][2] an Orthodox priest's daughter,[3] who was the current Sultan's concubine at the time. In 1533 or 1534, his mother, Hürrem, was freed and became Suleiman's legal wife.[4] He had four elder brothers,Şehzade Mehmed, Şehzade Selim (futureSelim II),Şehzade Bayezid andŞehzade Abdullah, who died at three years old, and an elder sisterMihrimah Sultan.[1][2] He was educated together with his older brothers under supervision of histime. He wrote poems with the pen nameZarifi, and was also interested in calligraphy.[5]
Between November 26 and December 8, 1539, a ceremony was held and celebrating circumcision of Cihangir and his elder brother Bayezid. The entire city and palace were involved in the elaborate event. Representatives fromFerdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor, the French, and the Venetians were present. The joyous atmosphere included participation from viziers, governors-general, district governors, palace members, janissaries, scholars, and city residents. The occasion also marked the wedding of their sister Mihrimah andRüstem Pasha.[6][7]
Cihangir was born with aspinal malformation, necessitating continuous monitoring and treatment.[8][1] As a result, he did not receive a provincial governorate because his infirmity was seen as a disqualification for rulership and perhaps also because of his need for medical treatment.[9] In one of his letters to the sultan while he was on military campaign, his mother wrote of the success of an operation performed on the child's shoulder.[9] As the youngest child in the family and as a result of his disability, Cihangir was loved and treated exclusively.[10]
In March 1547, Cihangir and his mother travelled toManisa, visiting his older brother Selim, who had been transferred there after Mehmed's death in 1543, and spent a month there.[9] In 1548, he accompanied his father to the second Iran expedition.[5] He was widely acknowledged as a clever and entertaining conversationalist.[11] He was his father's constant companion.[12] His father had acknowledged the probability of his elder half-brotherŞehzade Mustafa's success. However, Cihangir ventured that his physical deformity would allow him to escape the princely fate of fratricide, to which his father responded, "My son, Mustafa, will become the sultan and will deprive you all of your lives."[13]
In the third Iran expedition, Cihangir together with his father departed fromIstanbul and reached the plains ofEreğli.Şehzade Mustafa, also arrived with his troops fromKonya, where he was strangled by their father's guards on 6 October 1553. Since Cihangir died inAleppo not long after this incident on 27 November 1553,[14][15][16] it became a popularized theory that he had died as a result of shock and grief caused by his half-brother's execution. One source even tried to claim that he committed suicide on hearing the news.[17] However, this has largely been dismissed as inaccurate due to the lack of supporting evidence of any closeness between the two brothers.[18] Rather it is now understood that Cihangir's passing came as a direct result of the chronic health problems he was documented as having throughout his life.[18]
After his death, his body was taken to Istanbul where he was buried alongside his older brotherŞehzade Mehmed in theŞehzade Mosque.[5] The Istanbul neighborhood ofCihangir was named after Şehzade Cihangir when his father hadMimar Sinan build a wooden mosque there in 1559 to commemorate his death.[19] The area, which overlooks theBosphorous, was one of Cihangir's favorite places. The neighborhood's name comes from this mosque.[5]
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