Čoka | |
|---|---|
Town andmunicipality | |
 Lederer's Mansion in Čoka | |
 Coat of arms | |
 Location of Čoka within Serbia | |
| Coordinates:45°56′N20°09′E / 45.933°N 20.150°E /45.933; 20.150 | |
| Country |  Serbia |
| Province |  Vojvodina |
| Region | Banat |
| District | North Banat |
| Municipality | Čoka |
| Government | |
| • Mayor | Stana Đember (SNS) |
| Area | |
• Čoka | 321.0 km2 (123.93 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 81 m (266 ft) |
| Population (2022)[2] | |
• Čoka | 3,119 |
| • Metro | 8,556 |
| Demonym(s) | Čokani, (sr) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Postal code | 23320 |
| Area code | +381(0)230 |
| Official languages | Serbian together withHunagrian[1] |
| Website | www.coka.co.rs |
Čoka (Serbian Cyrillic:Чока,pronounced[t͡ʃôka];Hungarian:Csóka,pronounced[ˈt͡ʃoːkɒ];German:Tschoka;Slovak:Čoka) is a town and municipality located in theNorth Banat District of the autonomous province ofVojvodina,Serbia. The town has a population of 3,119 and the municipality has 8,556 inhabitants.[3]
The first written record about Čoka was made in 1247. It was part of a feudal tenure of which landowners were often changed. Later the settlement was abandoned due to the denseCuman incursions at the end of the 13th century, but it was rebuilt again in the 14th century. In 1552, it was underOttoman administration. At that time, it had a sparse population of 13 people, and at the end of the 16th century, the hamlet dwellers numbered 4Serb families.[4]
In the first half of the 18th century, the Ottoman administration was replaced by theHabsburg one and according to 1717 data, there were 40Serb houses in the village[4] of which number increased to 192 until the middle of the 18th century, and in 1787, the number of population increased to 1,191 people.
TheLederer Mansion, also known as the “Marcibányi Mansion,” is located in Čoka. It was built after1781 when Lőrincz Marcibányi purchased the Čoka estate. The construction of the castle was completed only around1870 by the next owner, Schwab Károly. At the end of the19th century, Arthur and Károly Lederer acquired the estate. The property remained in the hands of the Lederer family—one of the wealthiestJewish families of that time—untilWorld War II. During the war, the castle was under the possession ofHermann Göring.[5] The mansion is on the list ofImmovable Cultural Heritage of Great Importance.
In 1796, the tenure ownerLőrinc Marcibányi hadHungarians settled here thatSlovaks followed then.,[4] which resulted in a rapid population growth and as early as the middle of the 19th century, the population numbered 2,739 people which increased to 4,239 until 1910. According to 1910 census, Hungarians were the dominant ethnic group in the village, while there existed a sizable ethnic Serb community as well.[6][unreliable source?]
As of 1918, Čoka is part of theKingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (later renamed toYugoslavia). Until the end ofWorld War II, it was part ofNovi Kneževac municipality. Shortly afterwards, it became the seat of an own municipality, whereby it became an industrial centre of the region as well, receiving a large influx of new population. In 1991, it had a population of 5,244 people but In the next decade, the number of dwellers started to dwindle and the 2002 census recorded only 4,707 people in the settlement.
Čoka municipality includes the town of Čoka and seven villages. The villages are:
Note: For the inhabited places with an absolute or relative Hungarian ethnic majority, the names are also given in Hungarian.
| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
|---|---|---|
| 1948 | 19,302 | — |
| 1953 | 19,885 | +0.60% |
| 1961 | 19,482 | −0.26% |
| 1971 | 18,364 | −0.59% |
| 1981 | 16,653 | −0.97% |
| 1991 | 15,271 | −0.86% |
| 2002 | 13,832 | −0.90% |
| 2011 | 11,398 | −2.13% |
| 2022 | 8,556 | −2.57% |
| Source:[7][3] | ||
According to the 2022 census results, the municipality of Čoka has 8,556 inhabitants.[3]
Five local communities have a Hungarian majority: Čoka, Padej, Jazovo, Banatski Monoštor, and Vrbica. Crna Bara has a relative Hungarian majority. Sanad and Ostojićevo have Serb majorities, although the latter has over 20% Hungarians, while Čoka, Padej and Crna Bara have over 20% Serbs.
The ethnic composition of the municipality:[3]
| Ethnic group | Population | Share |
|---|---|---|
| Hungarians | 3,835 | 44.8% |
| Serbs | 3,470 | 40.5% |
| Roma | 342 | 4% |
| Yugoslavs | 40 | 0.4% |
| Slovaks | 35 | 0.4% |
| Croats | 29 | 0.3% |
| Romanians | 23 | 0.2% |
| Others | 782 | 9.1% |
| Total | 8,556 |
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
