Halil Hayreddin | |
|---|---|
| 5thGrand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire | |
| In office September 1364 – January 22, 1387 | |
| Monarch | Murad I |
| Preceded by | Sinanüddin Fakih Yusuf Pasha |
| Succeeded by | Çandarlı Ali Pasha |
| Personal details | |
| Born | c. 1330 |
| Died | 22 January 1387 (aged 56-57) |
Çandarlı Kara Halil Hayreddin Pasha (Ottoman Turkish:چندارلی کارا حلیل خير الدين پاشا) was the firstGrand Vizier ofMurad I's reign. He was also technically the first inOttoman history who held the title "Grand Vizier" (although several before him held equivalent but differently named offices), the first who had a military background (his predecessors underOrhan came from the class of learned men, the "ilmiye"), and the first member of the illustriousÇandarlı family to hold high office. His family was to mark the rise of theOttoman Empire between 1360 and 1450.[1] He was a successful commander, setting the precedent for centuries of Ottoman presence in Albania after his victory at theBattle of Savra.
He rose to the rank of grand vizier from the position of the chief military judge (kazasker) in September 1364 and held this top seat after the sultan until his death on January 22, 1387. He died in Serrai during the Ottoman campaign on Macedonia.[2] As such, he became the grand vizier who had the longest term of administration, a record he would hold until the abolition of the position 535 years after his death in 1922. He was also notable for being the initiator of the "devşirme" system of recruitment in the Ottoman Empire. Çandarlı Kara Halil Pasha is not to be confused with his grandson,Çandarlı Halil Pasha the Younger, grand vizier under the reign ofMurad II and during the first years of that ofMehmed II.
Çandarlı Kara Halil Pasha gave the idea for the formation of elitecorps of soldiers. Later they were recruited through theDevshirme, also known as theblood tax ortribute in blood. In this way, theJanissary eliteinfantry units were formed.[3]
He was succeeded as grand vizier by his sonÇandarlı Ali Pasha. His other son,Çandarlı Ibrahim Pasha the Elder, would also later serve as grand vizier.
| Political offices | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by | Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire 1364–1387 | Succeeded by |
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