| Crimson glory vine | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Vitis coignetiae leaves | |
Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Rosids |
| Order: | Vitales |
| Family: | Vitaceae |
| Genus: | Vitis |
| Species: | V. coignetiae |
| Binomial name | |
| Vitis coignetiae | |
| Varieties | |
| Synonyms | |
V. amurensis var.glabrescens(Nakai) Nakai [possibly syn. ofV. coignetiae var.glabrescens, notV. coignetiae][1][2] | |
Vitis coignetiae, commonly calledcrimson glory vine, is aspecies ofgrapevine belonging to the familyVitaceae. Is native to the temperate climes of Asia and can be found in theRussian Far East (Sakhalin),Korea, andJapan (Hokkaido,Honshu,Shikoku). It was described botanically in 1883.[1] It is calledmeoru (머루) inKorean andyama-budo (ヤマブドウ) inJapanese.
The species name is dedicated to Marie Coignet,née Sisley,[3] who reportedly brought seeds back from a trip to Japan with her husband in 1875.[4]
This vine was also reported in 1884 snowy regions of Japan by Henri Degron sent to East Asia to seek wild vines resistant toPhylloxera. Degron sent specimens to aProfessor Planchon of Montpellier who named themVitis coignetiae but did not retain them due to their low resistance to phylloxera. Degron planted a vineyard inCrespières, Île-de-France where one of the vines reached a length of 32.8 meters and a height of 2.8 meter. In the cooler Norman climate the vine produces a bitter wine, rich in color and extract.[citation needed]
The vine is very vigorous, with grey-brown, tomentose shoots. The deciduous leaves are large (10-25 cm in diameter), simple, orbicular, toothed, with 5-15 cm long petiole. Dark green during the growing season, they turn red-orange in autumn.[5]
Wild vines can be male, female or hermaphrodite. Clusters are large with small, purple-black, seeded berries. It is found in the mountainous regions of Japan and up to 1300 m altitude in Korea.[citation needed]
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In East Asia it is grown as an ornamental plant for its crimson autumn foliage; and as atraditional medicine.[citation needed]
It is a recipient of theRoyal Horticultural Society'sAward of Garden Merit.[6]
It is used to produce wines in Korea and Japan. These are at first bitter, but softened with the addition of sugar.[citation needed]
The plant contains the stilbenoidsε-viniferin[citation needed] andrhapontigenin.[7]
