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United States Homeland Security Council

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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

U.S. federal executive public safety, immigration and disaster relief forum

Not to be confused withUnited States National Security Council.

United States Homeland Security Council
Agency overview

Formed	2002
Agency executives	President of the United States Vice President, Secretary of State, Secretary of Treasury, Secretary of Defense, Attorney General, Secretary of Energy, Secretary of Homeland Security, Homeland Security Advisor, National Security Advisor, Others as necessary
Parent agency	Executive Office of the President of the United States

TheHomeland Security Council (HSC) is an entity within theExecutive Office of the President of the United States tasked with advising thepresident on matters relevant tohomeland security. The currenthomeland security advisor isStephen Miller.

History

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PresidentBarack Obama at Homeland Security Council meeting inCabinet Room to discuss the2009 swine flu pandemic

The Homeland Security Council (HSC) is an entity within the Executive Office of the President and was created byExecutive Order 13228 on October 29, 2001, and subsequently expanded on by Homeland Security Presidential Directive 1.^[1] It served as the successor to the Office of Homeland Security, established on September 20, 2001, immediately after theSeptember 11 attacks.Congress subsequentlycodified the HSC in theHomeland Security Act of 2002, charging it with advising thepresident onhomeland security matters.^[2]

On February 23, 2009, theObama administration released Presidential Study Directive 1. This memorandum ordered a sixty-day interagency review of the White House homeland security andcounterterrorism structure. The review recommended that the president merge the staff supporting the Homeland Security Council with the staff supporting theNational Security Council.^[3]^[4] On May 26, 2009,Barack Obama signed the recommendation to merge the Homeland Security Council and National Security Council staffs into one national security staff. On February 10, 2014, President Obama renamed the national security staff the National Security Council (NSC) staff.^[5]

Policymakers and observers have debated whether the HSC staff should remain an independent entity within the White House or merged with the NSC staff.^[6] The HSC and NSC continue to exist by statute as independent councils of leadership advising the president.^[7]

Mission

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The Homeland Security Council is responsible for assessing the objectives, commitments, and risks of the United States, and for making recommendations to the president with respect to homeland security policy.

Structure

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The HSC was similar to itsnational security counterpart, theNational Security Council (NSC), which was established in theNational Security Act of 1947. The HSC also maintained structural similarities with the NSC; the HSC consisted of full-time staff organized by subject areas relating to homeland security missions, with the Council itself being composed ofCabinet members and senior White House officials whose departments have principal interests in homeland securitypolicy-making. During the Bush administration, the council was chaired by thehomeland security advisor. TheJoint Chiefs of Staff consist of the primary military advisers to the Homeland Security Council, as well as the National Security Council.^[8] Due to the recommendations implemented by Obama, the Homeland Security Council and the National Security Council now have combined staff, the national security staff (NSS).

While similar in name, theDepartment of Homeland Security is a distinctfederal executive department; unlike DHS, the HSC functions as part of theExecutive Office of the President, drawing staff from across federal agencies and under the direct control of the president.

Membership

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Structure of the United States Homeland Security Council (current)^[when?]^{[citation needed]}
Chair	President of the United States
Regular attendees	Vice President Secretary of State Secretary of the Treasury Secretary of Defense Attorney General Secretary of Energy Secretary of Homeland Security National Security Advisor Homeland Security Advisor Ambassador to the United Nations
Statutory military advisor	Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff
Statutory intelligence advisor	Director of National Intelligence
Additional attendees	White House Chief of Staff White House Counsel Director of the Office of Management and Budget

References

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^"Homeland Security Presidential Directive 1". Homeland Security Council. October 29, 2001. RetrievedSeptember 18, 2009.
^P.L. 107-296, 116 Stat. 2135 (2002).
^Nichols, Hans (March 5, 2009)."Obama Risks Cabinet Clashes to Expand National Security Council". Bloomberg.com. RetrievedMay 17, 2012.
^DeYoung, Karen (February 27, 2009)."National Security Structure Is Set".Washingtonpost.com. RetrievedMay 17, 2012.
^NSC Staff, the Name Is Back! So Long, NSS The White House. February 10, 2014.
^The Homeland Security Council: Considerations for the Future Frank Cilluffo andDaniel Kaniewski, Homeland Security Policy Institute. April 2009.
^Cooper, Helene (May 27, 2009)."In Security Shuffle, White House Merges Staffs (Published 2009)" – via NYTimes.com.
^[1] 10 USC 151. Joint Chiefs of Staff: composition; functions

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Intelligence
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Defense

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