Movatterモバイル変換

Union density

Nederlands

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Theunion density orunion membership rate conveys the number oftrade union members who are employees as a percentage of the total number of employees in a given industry or country.^[1] This is normally lower thancollective agreement coverage rate, which refers to all people whose terms of work arecollectively negotiated. Trade unions bargain with employers to improve pay, conditions, and decision-making in workplaces; higher rates of union density within an industry or country will generally indicate higher levels of trade unionbargaining power, lower rates of density will indicate less bargaining power.^[1]

Causes the collective agreement coverage rate, which refers to all people whose terms of work are collectively negotiated

[edit]

The causes of higher or lower union membership are widely debated. Common causes are often identified as including the following:

whether a jurisdiction encouragessectoral collective bargaining (higher coverage) orenterprise bargaining (lower coverage)
whether collective agreements to create aclosed shop or allowautomatic enrollment in union membership are lawful
whether the government, for instance, through aMinistry orDepartment of Labour, actively promotes collective agreement coverage with the power to impose terms if employers refuse to bargain with the workforce
whether a country enables collective agreements to be extended by government regulations to all workers when the coverage rate reaches a majority in a sector, or to a similar level
whether laws on collective bargaining and strikes are more or less favourable

This sectionneeds expansion. You can help byadding missing information.(August 2016)

By country

[edit]


	Now	Older
	8%^[2]

	68%
	14.3%
	13.7%^[3]

In the United States in 2015 there were 14.8m union members, and 16.4m people covered by collective bargaining or union representation. Union membership was 7.4% in private sector, but 39% in the public sector. In the five largest states,California has 15.9% union membership,Texas 4.5%,Florida 6.8%,New York 24.7% (the highest in the country), andIllinois had 15.2%.^[4]

In December 2021, 14.3% of the Australian workforce were union members; this was a decline of more than 5 percentage points since 2010 and nearly 10 percentage points since 2005.^[5]

In Sweden union density was 68% in 2019.^[6]^[7] In all the Nordic countries with aGhent system—Sweden, Denmark andFinland—union density is almost 70%. In all these countries union density has declined.^[8]^[9]^[10]

In France while the overall union density is 8%, in companies over 50 employees this level reaches 43%.

US Bureau of Labor in 2010 notes a difference ofmedian income of 200 dollars between union-members (917), and non-union members (717) without indicating if higher salaries link to more unionisation, or the reverse or in mutuality.^[11]

This sectionneeds expansion. You can help byadding missing information.(August 2016)