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| T 813 | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Overview | |
| Manufacturer | Tatra |
| Production | 1967-1982 |
| Body and chassis | |
| Body style | COE |
| Powertrain | |
| Engine | V12Diesel |
| Dimensions | |
| Length | 8,800 mm (346.5 in) (T813 KOLOS) |
| Width | 2,500 mm (98.4 in) |
| Height | 2,780 mm (109.4 in) (T813 KOLOS) |
| Curb weight | 14,000 kg (30,865 lb) (T813 KOLOS) |
| Chronology | |
| Predecessor | Tatra T141 |
| Successor | Tatra T815 |
| T 930-xx E | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Overview | |
| Manufacturer | Tatra |
| Also called | T 930 E |
| Layout | |
| Displacement | 17,640 cc |
| Cylinder bore | 120 mm (4.7 in) |
| Piston stroke | 130 mm (5.1 in) |
| Cylinder block material | Cast Iron |
| Cylinder head material | Aluminium alloy |
| Valvetrain | OHV |
| Compression ratio | 16.5:1 |
| Combustion | |
| Fuel system | Direct injection |
| Fuel type | multifuel |
| Cooling system | Air-cooled |
| Output | |
| Power output | 198.6 kW (266 hp) @ 2000 rpm |
| Torque output | 990 N⋅m (730 ft⋅lbf) @ 1300 rpm |
| Dimensions | |
| Dry weight | 1,035 kg (2,282 lb) |
TheTatraT813 was atruck produced inCzechoslovakia by theTatra company. It was produced from 1967 to 1982.[1] The basic representative of this series was a military version of the8×8 Kolos (Colossus), which was able to pull trailers up to a total weight of 100 tons. Tatra also produced a civilian version in either6×6 or4×4. After fifteen years of production, 11,751 vehicles were built in all modifications. Many units were exported to theUSSR,East Germany,Romania andIndia.
The prototype, made ofTatra 138 parts, was built in 1960. It had permanent 4×4 all-wheel-drive. After trials, the designers decided to develop and expand the concept to an8×8all-wheel-driveall-terrain vehicle. The basis of the design became the modular chassis of the Tatra 813. In 1983, it was succeeded by theTatra T815.
A tubular backbone construction was chosen for the T813. The advantages of the central load carrying backbone tube are the high torsional and bending stiffness protecting the truck's body from forces caused by the payload, plus it houses all important parts of the drivetrain and allows the modular construction so designers and customers can choose between two-, three-, and four-axle versions andwheelbase combinations. The T-813 design uses acab-over-engine configuration, wide-profile super-single tires, andcentral tire inflation/deflation system.
Thenaturally aspiratedV12 engine T-930 was created by adding four cylinders to the existing T-928 75°V8 engine of the Tatra T138 series. Thecrankshaft uses six individual journals bolted together with front and rear pins running on the main roller bearings on theaxialfrictionthrust washers. Themilitary version was multi-fuel capable, running on any mixture ofdiesel fuel,petrol/gasoline, andkeroseneaviation fuel.
T-813 uses a full-length backbone tube with modular independent-swinging half-axles available as either4×4,6×6, or 8×8. 4×4 models had a front axlesuspension system with adjustable torsion bars, 6×6 and 8×8 models front and rearaxles had longitudinalsemi-ellipticleaf springs. 4×4 rear axle has air suspension. Permanentall-wheel-drive, fronttwin steer (6×6, 8×8) drive via homo-kineticdrive shafts,lockable differentials, inter-axledifferentials with locks, andplanetary hubreductions are standard for all models. Both the 6×6 and 8×8 versions use twin-steering front-axles and the 6×6 a single rear-axle.
The maingearbox is behind the cabin and connected to the engine clutch housing via a shortcardanshaft (this design enables a 'flat-floor' cabin.) The main gearbox bolts to an auxiliarygearbox, to atransfer case, then to a backbone tube, and forms the main part of the chassis structure. A rearpower take off and awinch drive were optional. Main and auxiliary gears are synchronized except first and reverse gear. The new feature was a unique 2-speed planetary overdrive system bolted between the front and rear axles.The overdrive could only be selected manually while the vehicle is stationary. The auxiliary gearbox has a neutral position so the winch and a power take-off use the main gearbox gearing for variable speed operation. From the backbone tube, torque flows to the wheels via Tatra gear differentials with differential locks, offset half-shafts, and planetary hub-reductions.
Triple-circuitair "S" camdrum brakes acting on all wheels drums via slack adjuster, brake cylinders are remotely vented. First brake circuit acts on front wheels, the second on rear wheels, and the third controls trailer service brakes. Remote-mounted brake valve operates via hydraulic master-/slave-cylinder principle on the Hauler 6×6 or via mechanical linkage on 8×8 models.
| Brake Function | Implementation |
|---|---|
| Primary brakes | Dual circuit drum brakes "S" cam type |
| Parking brake | Mechanical via output-shaft and drum at the back of the gearbox |
| Supplementary brake | electro-pneumatic,exhaust brake |
Cabin is all steel construction ofCOE design. It does not tilt; access to the engine is via removable enginecowlings inside the cabin. The cab is available in two-seater two-door version and "crew cab" seven-seater four-door. The military specs cabs include aroof hatch or two in the case of the crew-cab. All cabs use a self-contained diesel heater, and can be used to warm the engine before starting. Another military feature is CTI central tire inflation system controlled from the cab for each wheel independently, plus the cab-controlled ability to pressurize gearbox and differential housings prior to fording. The 8×8 models have the ability to crosstrenches 1.4 meters wide andvertical obstacles 0.6 meters high. Fording depth (static including the wave) is 1.4 meters (KOLOS 8×8). The vehicle top speed is in the neighborhood of about 92 km/h (NT & NTH), 80 km/h (KOLOS), 70 km/h (hauler), 60 km/h (S1) at about 2000 enginerpm.
| Tare - 14,000 kg (KOLOS 8×8), 21,050 kg (Hauler 6×6), 11,200 kg (Chassis 8×8), 15,000 kg (S1 8×8), 7,000 kg (NT & NTH 4×4) |
| GVM - 22,200 kg(KOLOS 8×8), 22,000 kg (Hauler 6×6), 36,000 kg (Chassis 8×8), 36,000 kg (S1 8×8), |
| Max Trailer Mass - 65,000 kg (KOLOS 8×8), 100,000 kg (Hauler 6×6), 32,000 kg (NT & NTH 4×4 |
| GCM - 79,000 kg (KOLOS 8×8), 121,050 kg (Hauler 6×6), 39,000 kg (NT & NTH 4×4) |
Production of Tatra T813 began in 1967 and was superseded byTatra T815 in 1982. Models were available in the 4×4, 6×6, and 8×8 drive configurations for civilian and military use.
The T813 became popular after the fall of theIron Curtain in the West as an extreme off-road truck, participating at the various truck trials across Europe.
