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Solar eclipse of March 20, 2034

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Total eclipse
Solar eclipse of March 20, 2034
Total eclipse
Map
Gamma0.2894
Magnitude1.0458
Maximum eclipse
Duration249 s (4 min 9 s)
Coordinates16°06′N22°12′E / 16.1°N 22.2°E /16.1; 22.2
Max. width of band159 km (99 mi)
Times (UTC)
Greatest eclipse10:18:45
References
Saros130 (53 of 73)
Catalog # (SE5000)9583

A totalsolar eclipse will occur at the Moon'sdescending node of orbit on Monday, March 20, 2034,[1] with amagnitude of 1.0458. Asolar eclipse occurs when theMoon passes betweenEarth and theSun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A total solar eclipse occurs when the Moon'sapparent diameter is larger than the Sun's, blocking all direct sunlight, turning day into darkness. Totality occurs in a narrow path across Earth's surface, with the partial solar eclipse visible over a surrounding region thousands of kilometres wide. Occurring about 1.3 days beforeperigee (on March 21, 2034, at 18:15 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter will be larger.[2]

Totality will be visible from the extreme southern tip ofBenin,Nigeria, northernCameroon,Chad,Sudan,Egypt,Saudi Arabia,Kuwait,Iran,Afghanistan,Pakistan, northernIndia, and westernChina.[3] A partial eclipse will be visible for parts of easternBrazil,Africa,Europe, theMiddle East,Central Asia, andSouth Asia. Coincidentally, The eclipse passes through many Islamic countries around the date ofIslamic New Year (estimated around March 20–21 according to local traditions, time zone and atmospheric conditions), and also passes through Iran only a few hours before thevernal equinox, marking the beginning of thePersian New Year. Since the Islamiclunar year is 11–12 days shorter than thesolar year that the Iranian calendar observes, the Islamic New Year rotates through the seasons of the year, while the Persian one is on nearly fixed date on Gregorian calendar. It is an extremely rare case that the two new years meet.

Images

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Animated path

Eclipse timing

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Places experiencing total eclipse

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Solar Eclipse of March 20, 2034
(Local Times)
Country or territoryCity or placeStart of partial eclipseStart of total eclipseMaximum eclipseEnd of total eclipseEnd of partial eclipseDuration of totality (min:s)Duration of eclipse (hr:min)Maximum magnitude
 NigeriaLagos09:02:2010:18:3710:20:0010:21:2211:48:042:452:461.0088
 NigeriaBenin City09:04:5510:23:1710:24:1510:25:1211:53:411:552:491.0036
 NigeriaAkure09:05:3010:23:1610:24:4110:26:0711:54:002:512:491.009
 NigeriaLokoja09:08:1010:26:5610:28:3610:30:1811:58:513:222:511.0137
 NigeriaMakurdi09:10:3210:31:0510:32:1610:33:2712:03:242:222:531.0053
 NigeriaLafia09:11:3210:31:3410:33:2410:35:1412:04:353:402:531.0181
 NigeriaGombe09:17:5910:40:3810:42:0010:43:2212:14:172:442:561.0068
 CameroonMaroua09:23:3910:49:3510:49:5010:50:0512:23:000:302:591.0004
 ChadN'Djamena09:27:1110:52:0410:53:5810:55:5412:27:083:503:001.0159
 Saudi ArabiaHafar Al-Batin12:58:5514:21:4614:22:4814:23:5015:38:542:042:401.005
 IranBushehr13:39:2514:59:5115:00:4215:01:3216:13:481:412:341.0036
 IranShiraz13:43:1315:02:0215:03:1815:04:3416:15:142:322:321.0097
 AfghanistanFarah15:00:5016:13:2316:14:3616:15:4917:20:492:262:201.0134
 AfghanistanGhazni15:09:3816:18:4316:19:3916:20:3617:22:431:532:131.008
 AfghanistanKhost15:11:3216:19:4116:20:4816:21:5517:23:122:142:121.0152
 PakistanPeshawar15:43:2016:50:4816:51:3716:52:2517:53:151:372:101.0058
 PakistanCharsadda15:43:3116:51:1316:51:4016:52:0817:53:120:552:101.0019
 PakistanAttock15:44:1716:51:0716:52:1216:53:1717:53:302:102:091.016
 PakistanMansehra15:45:0416:52:0916:52:2716:52:4417:53:210:352:081.001
 PakistanHavelian15:45:0516:51:3516:52:3316:53:3017:53:291:552:081.0096
 PakistanMuzaffarabad15:45:2116:52:1816:52:3516:52:5217:53:230:342:081.001
 PakistanIslamabad15:45:0416:51:3416:52:3816:53:4217:53:382:082:091.0149
 PakistanRawalpindi15:45:0516:51:3916:52:4016:53:4017:53:412:012:091.0116
 PakistanAusia15:45:2616:51:4316:52:4516:53:4617:53:332:032:081.0125
 IndiaBaramulla16:16:1817:22:1317:23:0817:24:0118:23:341:482:071.0084
 IndiaSopore16:16:2417:22:2117:23:0917:23:5718:23:321:362:071.0064
 IndiaSrinagar16:16:4917:22:2417:23:2617:24:2718:23:412:032:071.014
 IndiaShopian16:16:5617:22:4017:23:3517:24:3018:23:511:502:071.0091
 IndiaAnantnag16:17:1517:22:5017:23:4417:24:3818:23:521:482:071.0087
 IndiaLeh16:19:2617:23:4117:24:4117:25:4018:23:481:592:041.0153
References:[1]

Places experiencing partial eclipse

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Solar Eclipse of March 20, 2034
(Local Times)
Country or territoryCity or placeStart of partial eclipseMaximum eclipseEnd of partial eclipseDuration of eclipse (hr:min)Maximum coverage
 BrazilFortaleza05:38:11 (sunrise)05:40:2006:35:040:5788.56%
 LiberiaMonrovia07:51:0208:58:0910:15:022:2485.75%
 Ivory CoastYamoussoukro07:54:5609:06:0210:27:312:3389.49%
 Ivory CoastAbidjan07:54:0409:06:0410:28:362:3596.30%
 GhanaAccra07:57:3509:12:2610:37:562:4099.71%
 TogoLomé07:59:4009:15:4010:42:162:4399.62%
 São Tomé and PríncipeSão Tomé08:00:5609:18:2010:45:312:4577.86%
 BeninPorto-Novo09:01:3410:18:4111:46:172:4599.98%
 Equatorial GuineaMalabo09:06:2910:27:0011:57:032:5187.07%
 NigeriaAbuja09:10:5310:32:0312:02:422:5299.16%
 CameroonYaoundé09:10:5210:33:0012:03:532:5382.66%
 CameroonGaroua09:20:1310:45:3412:18:312:5898.16%
 ChadAbéché09:41:0111:10:5712:43:573:0398.79%
 SudanKhartoum11:11:4412:43:0514:10:402:5981.03%
 EgyptCairo11:31:0712:55:4814:16:452:4673.28%
 IraqBaghdad13:00:4614:21:3915:35:552:3581.20%
 Saudi ArabiaRiyadh12:57:3414:22:2515:38:562:4190.20%
 KuwaitKuwait City13:03:5414:26:2315:41:002:3799.84%
 BahrainManama13:07:2414:29:3615:43:182:3691.27%
 QatarDoha13:09:0514:30:4815:43:522:3586.40%
 IranTehran13:45:0815:01:5216:11:472:2780.26%
 United Arab EmiratesDubai14:17:2215:36:2516:46:512:2981.99%
 TurkmenistanAshgabat15:26:5816:39:2217:45:172:1877.97%
 UzbekistanTashkent15:40:3816:46:2817:46:482:0671.91%
 TajikistanDushanbe15:39:5516:47:4317:49:252:1082.19%
 AfghanistanKabul15:10:2816:19:5017:22:262:1298.17%
 PakistanLahore15:47:0416:54:0817:54:332:0793.62%
 IndiaNew Delhi16:21:3017:26:3218:24:582:0380.38%
 ChinaLhasa19:01:0819:59:2320:06:40 (sunset)1:0682.05%
 NepalKathmandu16:44:0717:44:3518:14:51 (sunset)1:3174.64%
References:[1]

Eclipse details

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Shown below are two tables displaying details about this particular solar eclipse. The first table outlines times at which the Moon's penumbra or umbra attains the specific parameter, and the second table describes various other parameters pertaining to this eclipse.[4]

March 20, 2034 Solar Eclipse Times
EventTime (UTC)
First Penumbral External Contact2034 March 20 at 07:41:11.9 UTC
First Umbral External Contact2034 March 20 at 08:38:09.7 UTC
First Central Line2034 March 20 at 08:38:58.0 UTC
First Umbral Internal Contact2034 March 20 at 08:39:46.4 UTC
First Penumbral Internal Contact2034 March 20 at 09:41:21.7 UTC
Ecliptic Conjunction2034 March 20 at 10:15:45.2 UTC
Greatest Eclipse2034 March 20 at 10:18:45.2 UTC
Greatest Duration2034 March 20 at 10:19:41.8 UTC
Equatorial Conjunction2034 March 20 at 10:28:24.9 UTC
Last Penumbral Internal Contact2034 March 20 at 10:55:53.9 UTC
Last Umbral Internal Contact2034 March 20 at 11:57:34.8 UTC
Last Central Line2034 March 20 at 11:58:24.9 UTC
Last Umbral External Contact2034 March 20 at 11:59:14.9 UTC
Last Penumbral External Contact2034 March 20 at 12:56:10.5 UTC
March 20, 2034 Solar Eclipse Parameters
ParameterValue
Eclipse Magnitude1.04582
Eclipse Obscuration1.09374
Gamma0.28942
Sun Right Ascension23h59m32.7s
Sun Declination-00°02'58.0"
Sun Semi-Diameter16'03.7"
Sun Equatorial Horizontal Parallax08.8"
Moon Right Ascension23h59m11.3s
Moon Declination+00°13'42.6"
Moon Semi-Diameter16'31.6"
Moon Equatorial Horizontal Parallax1°00'39.3"
ΔT75.7 s

Characteristics

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Eclipse path intersections

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The path of the March 30, 2034 eclipse will cross the path of another solar eclipse less than 7 years earlier, theAugust 2027 solar eclipse, at a location on the southeastern coast ofEgypt.[5] This is similar to the intersection in the paths of theAugust 2017 andApril 2024 total solar eclipses in theUnited States, oversouthern Illinois, and inTurkey during theAugust 1999 andMarch 2006 solar eclipses; the intersections within these pairs of total eclipses also occurred about 7 years apart.[6][7] This phenomenon is considered to be unusual, since the average interval for any given spot on Earth to observe a total solar eclipse is about once every 375 years. The intersection patterns are caused by the dynamics of theSaros cycle.[6]

Eclipse season

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See also:Eclipse cycle

This eclipse is part of aneclipse season, a period, roughly every six months, when eclipses occur. Only two (or occasionally three) eclipse seasons occur each year, and each season lasts about 35 days and repeats just short of six months (173 days) later; thus two full eclipse seasons always occur each year. Either two or three eclipses happen each eclipse season. In the sequence below, each eclipse is separated by afortnight.

Eclipse season of March–April 2034
March 20
Descending node (new moon)
April 3
Ascending node (full moon)
Total solar eclipse
Solar Saros 130		Penumbral lunar eclipse
Lunar Saros 142

Related eclipses

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Eclipses in 2034

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Metonic

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Tzolkinex

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Half-Saros

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Tritos

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Solar Saros 130

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Inex

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Triad

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Solar eclipses of 2033–2036

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This eclipse is a member of asemester series. An eclipse in a semester series of solar eclipses repeats approximately every 177 days and 4 hours (a semester) at alternatingnodes of the Moon's orbit.[8]

The partial solar eclipse onJuly 23, 2036 occurs in the next lunar year eclipse set.

Solar eclipse series sets from 2033 to 2036
Descending node Ascending node
SarosMapGammaSarosMapGamma
120March 30, 2033

Total		0.9778125September 23, 2033

Partial		−1.1583
130March 20, 2034

Total		0.2894135September 12, 2034

Annular		−0.3936
140March 9, 2035

Annular		−0.4368145September 2, 2035

Total		0.3727
150February 27, 2036

Partial		−1.1942155August 21, 2036

Partial		1.0825

Saros 130

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This eclipse is a part ofSaros series 130, repeating every 18 years, 11 days, and containing 73 events. The series started with a partial solar eclipse on August 20, 1096. It contains total eclipses from April 5, 1475 through July 18, 2232. There are no annular or hybrid eclipses in this set. The series ends at member 73 as a partial eclipse on October 25, 2394. Its eclipses are tabulated in three columns; every third eclipse in the same column is oneexeligmos apart, so they all cast shadows over approximately the same parts of the Earth.

The longest duration of totality was produced by member 30 at 6 minutes, 41 seconds on July 11, 1619. All eclipses in this series occur at the Moon’sdescending node of orbit.[9]

Series members 41–62 occur between 1801 and 2200:
414243

November 9, 1817
November 20, 1835
November 30, 1853
444546

December 12, 1871
December 22, 1889
January 3, 1908
474849

January 14, 1926
January 25, 1944
February 5, 1962
505152

February 16, 1980
February 26, 1998
March 9, 2016
535455

March 20, 2034
March 30, 2052
April 11, 2070
565758

April 21, 2088
May 3, 2106
May 14, 2124
596061

May 25, 2142
June 4, 2160
June 16, 2178
62

June 26, 2196

Metonic series

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Themetonic series repeats eclipses every 19 years (6939.69 days), lasting about 5 cycles. Eclipses occur in nearly the same calendar date. In addition, the octon subseries repeats 1/5 of that or every 3.8 years (1387.94 days). All eclipses in this table occur at the Moon's descending node.

22 eclipse events between June 1, 2011 and October 24, 2098
May 31–June 1March 19–20January 5–6October 24–25August 12–13
118120122124126

June 1, 2011
March 20, 2015
January 6, 2019
October 25, 2022
August 12, 2026
128130132134136

June 1, 2030
March 20, 2034
January 5, 2038
October 25, 2041
August 12, 2045
138140142144146

May 31, 2049
March 20, 2053
January 5, 2057
October 24, 2060
August 12, 2064
148150152154156

May 31, 2068
March 19, 2072
January 6, 2076
October 24, 2079
August 13, 2083
158160162164

June 1, 2087
October 24, 2098

Tritos series

[edit]

This eclipse is a part of atritos cycle, repeating at alternating nodes every 135synodic months (≈ 3986.63 days, or 11 years minus 1 month). Their appearance and longitude are irregular due to a lack of synchronization with theanomalistic month (period of perigee), but groupings of 3 tritos cycles (≈ 33 years minus 3 months) come close (≈ 434.044 anomalistic months), so eclipses are similar in these groupings.

Series members between 1801 and 2200

January 1, 1805
(Saros 109)
October 31, 1826
(Saros 111)
August 28, 1848
(Saros 113)

July 29, 1859
(Saros 114)
June 28, 1870
(Saros 115)
May 27, 1881
(Saros 116)
April 26, 1892
(Saros 117)
March 29, 1903
(Saros 118)

February 25, 1914
(Saros 119)
January 24, 1925
(Saros 120)
December 25, 1935
(Saros 121)
November 23, 1946
(Saros 122)
October 23, 1957
(Saros 123)

September 22, 1968
(Saros 124)
August 22, 1979
(Saros 125)
July 22, 1990
(Saros 126)
June 21, 2001
(Saros 127)
May 20, 2012
(Saros 128)

April 20, 2023
(Saros 129)
March 20, 2034
(Saros 130)
February 16, 2045
(Saros 131)
January 16, 2056
(Saros 132)
December 17, 2066
(Saros 133)

November 15, 2077
(Saros 134)
October 14, 2088
(Saros 135)
September 14, 2099
(Saros 136)
August 15, 2110
(Saros 137)
July 14, 2121
(Saros 138)

June 13, 2132
(Saros 139)
May 14, 2143
(Saros 140)
April 12, 2154
(Saros 141)
March 12, 2165
(Saros 142)
February 10, 2176
(Saros 143)

January 9, 2187
(Saros 144)
December 9, 2197
(Saros 145)

Inex series

[edit]

This eclipse is a part of the long periodinex cycle, repeating at alternating nodes, every 358synodic months (≈ 10,571.95 days, or 29 years minus 20 days). Their appearance and longitude are irregular due to a lack of synchronization with theanomalistic month (period of perigee). However, groupings of 3 inex cycles (≈ 87 years minus 2 months) comes close (≈ 1,151.02 anomalistic months), so eclipses are similar in these groupings.

Series members between 1801 and 2200

August 28, 1802
(Saros 122)
August 7, 1831
(Saros 123)
July 18, 1860
(Saros 124)

June 28, 1889
(Saros 125)
June 8, 1918
(Saros 126)
May 20, 1947
(Saros 127)

April 29, 1976
(Saros 128)
April 8, 2005
(Saros 129)
March 20, 2034
(Saros 130)

February 28, 2063
(Saros 131)
February 7, 2092
(Saros 132)
January 19, 2121
(Saros 133)

December 30, 2149
(Saros 134)
December 9, 2178
(Saros 135)

References

[edit]
  1. ^abc"March 20, 2034 Total Solar Eclipse". timeanddate. Retrieved14 August 2024.
  2. ^"Moon Distances for London, United Kingdom, England". timeanddate. Retrieved14 August 2024.
  3. ^"Total Solar Eclipse on March 20, 2034: Path Map and Times".www.timeanddate.com. Retrieved2024-04-19.
  4. ^"Total Solar Eclipse of 2034 Mar 20". EclipseWise.com. Retrieved14 August 2024.
  5. ^Michael E. Bakich (24 June 2024)."How to see the next 20 years of eclipses, including the eclipse of a lifetime".Astronomy. Retrieved7 December 2025.
  6. ^abGordon Telepun (7 April 2020)."2024 total solar eclipse: The novelty of "the cross"".AccuWeather. Retrieved7 December 2025.
  7. ^"Total Solar Eclipse 2017 – Path Overlap with the 2024 Eclipse".eclipse2017.org.Archived from the original on September 3, 2017. RetrievedSeptember 1, 2017.
  8. ^van Gent, R.H."Solar- and Lunar-Eclipse Predictions from Antiquity to the Present".A Catalogue of Eclipse Cycles. Utrecht University. Retrieved6 October 2018.
  9. ^"NASA - Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 130".eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov.
Wikimedia Commons has media related toSolar eclipse of 2034 March 20.

External links

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Features
Lists of eclipses
By era
Saros series (list)
Visibility
Historical
21 August 2017 total solar eclipse
Total/hybrid eclipses
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10 May 2013 annular eclipse
Annular eclipses
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23 October 2014 partial eclipse
Partial eclipses
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