| Sigulai | |
|---|---|
| Efulae[1] Dau Batu[2] | |
| Native to | Indonesia |
| Region | Simeulue,Aceh |
| Ethnicity | Sigulai |
Native speakers | (undated figure of 20,000)[3] |
Austronesian
| |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | skh |
| Glottolog | siku1242 |
TheSigulai language (also calledSibigo,Sikule,Ageumeui, orWali Banuah) is anAustronesian language spoken onSimeulue island off the western coast ofSumatra inIndonesia.[4] It belongs to theMalayo-Polynesian branch of the Austronesian languages. Sikule is one ofNorthwest Sumatra–Barrier Islands languages, which are a sub-group ofWestern Malayo-Polynesian.[5]
Sikule is spoken inSalang,Alafan andSimeulue Baratdistrict, on the northern ofSimeulue island. It is apparently related to theNias language.[6]Ethnologue listsLekon andTapah as dialects.[3]
Simeulue is spoken in the rest of Simeulue outside of Alafan, whileJamu (also calledKamano), related toMinangkabau, is spoken in the capital city ofSinabang.
Sigulai is most closely related toNias language, spoken on the island ofNias. However, it also shares many vocabulary similarities withSimeulue, spoken on the same island. The following is vocabulary in Sigulai.[7]
| Gloss | Sigulai |
|---|---|
| Interrogatives vocabulary | |
| what | ati,atei |
| who | ate'ila |
| why | tolawu |
| how | atayya |
| where | a'ué |
| where to | aumey'i |
| where from | aufuluyi |
| how much | galofè |
| when | gafai |
| Pronouns vocabulary | |
| I | yètu |
| you | yège,yami |
| he | ifei |
| they | i'ila |
| we | yaga,i'ita |
| Numerals vocabulary | |
| one | amba |
| two | dumba |
| three | tulu |
| four | efa |
| five | lima |
| six | ene |
| seven | fitu |
| eight | olu |
| nine | siwa |
| ten | fulu |
| Verbs vocabulary | |
| go | me'i |
| walk | deuleu |
| eat | manga |
| drink | manginu |
| sleep | mele' |
| sit | dadau' |
| stand | indô-indô |
| run | khumundung |
| bath | mondi |
| lift | bengkè' |
| Times vocabulary | |
| yesterday | mènèfi |
| tomorrow | fôngi |
| the day after tomorrow | mèlè fungilanin |
| morning | subu |
| afternoon | pastô |
| evening | aniôfi |
| night | akhemi |
| earlier | mènoa |
| later | inu'te |
| now | lali' ila |
| a moment | akhajap |
| formerly | nafi'i |
| Adverbs vocabulary | |
| top | alawa |
| bottom | eteu,fa'aleu |
| left | bilok |
| right | gambele |
| side | ngayi |
| here | mandé'é |
| there | uhan,mènèn |
| front | khaifena |
| behind | khaifuli |
| this | mandé |
| that | mènèn |
| Basics vocabulary | |
| in | kha |
| to | miy'èn |
| want | bakha |
| can | deyi |
| very | faga'a,kali |
| yes | e'e |
| no | ukhai' |
| don't | deyya' |
| for | miyège |
| with | afe |
| there is | u |
| already | mola |
| not yet | ya'na'e |
| just | ama' |
| within | khaybakha |
| not | ténga |
| Adjectives vocabulary | |
| many | uguya |
| few | atepénga |
| less | deahô' uguya |
| more | atua |
| enough | deila |
| Nouns vocabulary | |
| board | fafa |
| lobster | lakhua' |
| betel nut | elan |
| coconut | boniô |
| village | gampung |
| ricefield | nofi,belang |
| island | ulau |
| lightning | lôlô |
| water | idane |
The vowel and consonant phonemes of Sikule are shown in the tables below.[8]
| Front | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Close | i | ɨ | u |
| Mid | e | ə | o |
| Open | a |
| Labial | Alveolar | Post-alveolar/ Palatal | Velar | Glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | m | n | ɲ | ŋ | ||
| Plosive/ Affricate | voiceless | p | t | t͡ʃ | k | (ʔ) |
| voiced | b | d | d͡ʒ | ɡ | ||
| Fricative | s | x | h | |||
| Approximant | median | j | ||||
| lateral | l | |||||
| Trill | r | |||||
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