Regulations have been imposed on short-term rental platforms after proponents argued that short-term rental has reducedhousing affordability and contributed to the increase of long-term rental prices due to changes in housingsupply and demand; short-term rentals can be more lucrative than long-term rentals for landlords and also attract investors who bid up housing prices.[3] Supporters of STRs argue that the impact on housing prices has been minimal and that the solution tohousing affordability is to increase housing supply.[4][5]
Landlords have even been accused of illegallyevicting tenants to convert properties into short-term rentals to obtain higher rents.[6]
The hotel industry has lobbied for additional regulations on STRs, which compete with hotels.[7] STR platforms also use lobbying to promote their interests.[8]
In addition to government-imposed restrictions, manyhomeowner associations also limit short-term rentals.[9] Neighborhood community groups have voiced concern that short-term residents can cause issues with congestion, noise, and safety.[4]
Regulation of short-term rentals can include requirements for hosts to have business licenses, payment ofhotel taxes, limitations on the number of days that a space is rented, requirements for hosts to occupy the space, and compliance with building, city and zoning standards.
Amsterdam: Hosts can rent their properties for up to 30 nights per year to a group of no more than four at a time.[10] Short-term rentals are banned in certain parts of the city.[11]
Barcelona: Vacation apartments are subject to the highest rate of property tax; platforms must share data with regulators.[12][13][14]
Berlin: Short-term rentals require permission from authorities. Hosts can rent individual rooms with the condition that they live in most of the property.[15]
Ireland: Short-term rentals are restricted to a maximum of 90 days per year for primary residences; registration is required with local authorities and planning permission is required where a property changes use from private residence to full-time short-term rental.[17][18][19]
London: Short-term rentals are limited to 90 days per year.[20][21]
Lucerne: Short-term apartment rentals are limited to 90 days per year.[22][23]
Madrid: Listings without private entrances are banned.[24]
Paris: Hosts can rent their homes for no more than 120 days a year[26] and must register their listing with the town hall.[27]
Rome: Short-term rental sites are required to withhold a 21% rental income tax.[28]
Venice: Hosts must collect and remit tourist taxes.[29][30]
Vienna: Short-term rentals are banned in specific "residential zones" within the city, with the exemption of apartments used primarily for the host's own residential needs.[31]
Phoenix, Arizona: Most regulations are not allowed since municipalities are prohibited from interfering in property rights.[32]
Boston, Massachusetts: The types of properties eligible for use as short-term rentals and the number of days per year a property may be rented are limited.[33][34][35][36]
Chicago, Illinois: Hosts are required to obtain a license. Single-night stays are prohibited.[37]
Los Angeles, California: Hosts must register with the city planning department and pay an $89 fee and cannot home-share for more than 120 days in a calendar year.[40][41]
Miami, Florida: Short-term rentals are banned in most neighborhoods, in part due to lobbying efforts of the hotel industry.[42][43]
New York City, New York: Rentals under 30 days are prohibited unless the host is present on the property. Hosts are required to obtain a license and relatively few licenses have been issued.[44]
Portland, Oregon: The number of bedrooms in a single unit that may be listed is limited.[45]
San Diego, California: Units for short-term rental are limited to 1% of the housing stock and licenses are required.[46]
Santa Cruz, California: LocalBoard of supervisors discussed parking restrictions in the areas where there are many short-term rentals, in order to discourage people from staying there, and prioritize the local residents' ability to park.[48]
Santa Monica, California: Hosts are required to register with the city and obtain a license and are also prohibited from listing multiple properties.[49]
Washington, D.C.: Hosts must obtain a short-term rental license, and, if the host is not present, those rentals are limited to a combined 90 days each year.[51]
