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| Parent | San Mateo County Transit District |
|---|---|
| Founded | July 1, 1976 |
| Headquarters | 1250 San Carlos Ave. San Carlos, California |
| Locale | San Francisco Peninsula |
| Service area | San Mateo County |
| Service type | bus service,express bus,paratransit |
| Routes | 66 |
| Fleet | 296 |
| Daily ridership | 35,200 (weekdays, Q3 2025)[1] |
| Annual ridership | 10,706,300 (2024)[2] |
| Operator | |
| Website | samtrans |
SamTrans (stylized assamTrans; officially theSan Mateo County Transit District) is apublic transport agency in and aroundSan Mateo, California, in theSan Francisco Bay Area. It provides bus service throughoutSan Mateo County and into portions ofSan Francisco (aconsolidated city-county) and into portions ofPalo Alto andStanford inSanta Clara County. SamTrans also operates commuter shuttles toBART stations and community shuttles. Service is largely concentrated on the east side of theSanta Cruz Mountains, and, in the central county,I-280, leaving coast-side service south ofPacifica spotty and intermittent.[7]
SamTrans is constituted as aspecial district under California state law. It is governed by a board of nine appointed members; two county Supervisors, one "transportation expert" appointed by the countyBoard of Supervisors, threecity council members appointed by the cities in the county to represent the county's judicial districts, and three citizens appointed by the other six board members (including one from the coastside).
The district was established in 1976 and consolidated eleven different municipal bus systems serving the county. One year later, SamTrans began operation of mainline bus service to San Francisco. Shuttle service began in 2000.[8]
In addition to fixed-route bus andparatransit operations, the district participates in the administration of theSan Jose-San Franciscocommuter rail lineCaltrain. SamTrans also provides administrative support for theSan Mateo County Transportation Authority, a separate board charged with administering the half-cent (0.5 percent) sales tax levy that funds highway and transit improvement projects.
In 2024, the system had a ridership of 10,706,300, or about 35,200 per weekday as of the third quarter of 2025.
| Year | Finances[a] | Annual Ridership[b] | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Passenger Fare Revenue | Operating Expenses | Farebox recovery ratio[c][d] | Passengers[c] | ||
| 1995[9] | 12,094 | 52,155 | 26.3% | 19,363 | |
| 1996[9] | 13,749 | 53,930 | 27.9% | 18,895 | |
| 1997[9] | 14,217 | 55,187 | 27.7% | 18,455 | |
| 1998[9] | 14,388 | 58,647 | 27.3% | 18,991 | |
| 1999[9] | 15,896 | 57,770 | 30.9% | 17,886 | |
| 2000[9] | 15,196 | 64,911 | 27.1% | 17,675 | |
| 2001[9] | 15,919 | 71,914 | 30.0% (25.7%)[e] | 17,958 | |
| 2002[9] | 14,779 | 81,995 | 28.1% (20.9%)[e] | 17,103 | |
| 2003[9] | 15,273 | 91,560 | 44.4% (22.4%)[e] | 16,121 | |
| 2004[9] | 14,542 | 94,164 | 52.8% (20.3%)[e] | 14,710 | |
| 2005[10] | 13,863 | 94,118 | 55.6% (17.9%)[e] | 14,190 | |
| 2006[11] | 16,296 | 103,692 | 19.3% (19.0%)[f] | 14,691 | |
| 2007[12] | 16,830 | 109,329 | 19.4% (18.8%)[g] | 14,351 | |
| 2008[13] | 17,203 | 118,756 | 18.1% | 15,362 | |
| 2009[14] | 17,325 | 116,563 | 17.5% | 15,549 | |
| 2010[15] | 17,149 | 112,406 | 18.2% | 14,422 | |
| 2011[16] | 17,373 | 111,128 | 18.0% | 13,692 | |
| 2012[17] | 17,452 | 115,269 | 17.3% | 13,118 | |
| 2013[18] | 17,808 | 114,151 | 18.2% | 12,997 | |
| 2014[19] | 18,557 | 116,513 | 18.7% (20.4%)[h] | 12,784 | |
| 2015[20] | 18,816 | 120,210 | 18.1% | 13,159 | |
| 2016[21] | 18,078 | 118,099 | 16.6% | 12,794 | |
| 2017[22] | 17,041 | 124,979 | 15.4% | 11,817 | |
| 2018[23] | 15,742 | 131,899 | 11.9% | 11,133 | |
| 2019[24] | 15,567 | 147,782 | 10.7% | 10,671 | |
| 2020[25] | 11,690 | 160,648 | 7.3% | 8,788 | |
| 2021[26] | 5,615 | 146,246 | 3.8% | 4,581 | |
| 2022[27] | 8,913 | 128,838 | 6.0% | 6,957 | |
Notes
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Voters in San Mateo County approved the formation of the San Mateo County Transit District in 1974. SamTrans was formed in 1976 by the consolidation of 11 different city bus systems throughout San Mateo County; several more systems were added over the following years.[28] SamTrans took overWestern Greyhound Lines commuter service on July 2, 1977; some routes were curtailed from downtown San Francisco toDaly City station.[29] SamTrans purchased 40 buses from Greyhound at that time, and its fleet exceeded 200 buses by 1980.[30]
In August 2013, the agency merged two routes along El Camino Real into the single all-day ECR route with 15-minuteheadways,[31][32] briefly stemming a long-term decline in bus ridership that began in the early 1990s. Ridership on SamTrans buses was 52,140 passengers per weekday in November 2009;[33] by November 2017, it had fallen to 37,830 bus passengers per weekday[34] and continues to decline, further threatening the agency's budget.[35] According to a route-level analysis, in 2014, four lines accounted for more than half of all weekday riders: ECR, 120, 292, and 122/28, with ECR alone accounting for more than one quarter of all weekday riders.[8]: 37 A half-cent sales tax, Measure W, which partially goes to SamTrans, passed on the November 2018 ballot.[36]
SamTrans headquarters are at 1250 San Carlos Avenue in a 125,000-square-foot (11,600 m2) building built in 1979 and acquired in 1990, one block southwest of theSan Carlos Caltrain station.[8] In 2023, SamTrans authorized the acquisition of a new building nearMillbrae BART and Caltrain station to be used as the new headquarter.[37]
SamTrans has two maintenance bases. North Base opened in 1988. It is in South San Francisco, just north ofSan Francisco International Airport and adjacent toU.S. 101 andI-380. South Base opened in 1984 near theSan Carlos Airport, east of U.S. 101 off Redwood Shores Parkway. Primary maintenance is carried out at North Base, which can store 200 buses. South Base can store 150 buses.[8] SamTrans also owns Brewster Depot in Redwood City, which is used by its subcontractor MV Transportation for storage and dispatching; Brewster Depot is 3,000 square feet (280 m2) and was built in 1940.[8]
Currently, SamTrans serves the cities ofSan Mateo County, includingAtherton,Belmont,Brisbane,Burlingame,Colma,Daly City,East Palo Alto,Foster City,Half Moon Bay,Hillsborough,Menlo Park,Millbrae,Pacifica,Palo Alto,Redwood City,Redwood Shores,San Bruno,San Carlos,San Mateo, andSouth San Francisco. Most routes provide connecting service toBART,Caltrain, or both. There is also regular scheduled service toSan Francisco International Airport (SFO) andTransbay Terminal in downtown San Francisco.
Unlike most large transit operators in the Bay Area, SamTransoutsources to private contractors the operation of a number of its routes. The current contract operator for Peninsula mainline, Coastside and paratransit services isMV Transportation.
SamTrans previously operated special service for a couple of Bay Area events such asSan Francisco 49ers homefootball games and the quirkyBay to Breakers footrace in San Francisco.
| 2 | 9 | 2 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Transit connections | Areas served / Express sequence[39] | Sequence number / Express | ||||
| — | "Community route", no inter-agency connection[d] | A | Sequential alphabetic designator for express route[e] | X | Designates express service | |
| 1 | Connects toBART | 1 | Coastside | 0 | Sequential number assigned to numbered routes | |
| 2 | Connects toCaltrain | 2 | North County | Colma /Daly City | ||
| 3 | Connects to BART and Caltrain | 3 | Brisbane /South San Francisco | |||
| 4 | San Bruno /Millbrae /Burlingame | |||||
| 5 | Mid County | San Mateo /Foster City /Redwood Shores | ||||
| 6 | Belmont /San Carlos | |||||
| 7 | Redwood City | |||||
| 8 | South County | Menlo Park /East Palo Alto /Palo Alto | ||||
| 9 | Multi-city service | |||||
SamTrans reorganized its bus routes in August 1999 and adopted a new route designation system to identify service types, geographical coverage, and connections torail services.
Local routes have either two or three digits or a special designation (e.g.,ECR). For three-digit routes, the first digit identifies a rail connection:
All two-digit routes are community service routes. Most of these routes do not connect with rail and operate only on school days.
Express bus routes are designated by two letters followed by X; previously, just one letter preceded the X. In December 2009, six express routes (DX, FX, MX, NX, PX, and RX)[41] were eliminated due to high budget constraints; a seventh express route, Route CX, was redesignated Route 118, and then replaced by route PCX in 2024.[42] In August 2018, express route, KX, was folded into Route 398,[43] which was replaced by new express route EPX in February 2024.[44] Express route FCX, between Foster City and San Francisco, debuted in August 2019[45]
In April 2017, SamTrans identified fifteen potential express bus routes connecting the Peninsula counties ofSan Francisco,San Mateo, andSanta Clara. Most of the potential routes ran alongU.S. 101, and some were planned to take advantage ofmanaged lanes to provide speedier service. By June 2018, the list of potential bus routes was reduced to eight.[46][47] The draft final report was released in November 2018, and the Board adopted it in December.[48] SamTrans relaunched express bus service in August 2019 fromFoster City to downtown San Francisco along U.S. 101, followed by a second route in Spring/Summer of 2020 from Palo Alto to western San Francisco alongI-280.[49] The Foster City–San Francisco route was launched as FCX in August 2019, but ridership and frequency have been adversely impacted by theCOVID-19 pandemic in the San Francisco Bay Area. The launch of the other proposed express route planned for Phase 1, PAX (Palo Alto to western San Francisco), has been delayed indefinitely and there is currently no exact or estimated date for it to begin operation. Phase 2 of the express bus plan includes two additional routes: EPX (East Palo Alto to San Bruno) and an un-named route (San Mateo to downtown San Francisco); EPX was launched in 2023 after SamTrans completed acquisition ofXE40 battery-electric buses.[50]
| Fare category | Cash/[a] Mobile[b] | Clipper | Transfers[c][d] & Reciprocity[e] | Day pass | Monthly pass | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adult[f] | Local | $2.25 | $2.05 | – | $4.50 | $65.60 |
| Express[g] | $4.50 | $4.00 | $1.95[h] | $130 | ||
| Youth[i] & Eligible Discount[j] | Local | $1.10 | $1.00 | – | $2.00 | $27 |
| Express[g] | $2.25 | $2.00 | $1.00 | |||
As of December 22, 2010,Clipper card fare machines became fully operational throughout the system, allowing riders to pay fares using Clipper card, a transit smart card that is also accepted by most other Bay Area transit agencies.
Clipper cards come in four varieties: adult, youth, senior and disabled (which includes Medicare cardholders). Adult Clipper cards may be obtained from a wide variety of vendors, but youth, senior and disabled Clipper cards must be obtained from SamTrans or another Bay Area transit agency. Each Clipper card contains some sort of stored value (e.g., monthly passes, "Clipper Cash" e-funds used for transit fares) and the history of recent trips using the card. Clipper cards generally confer an approximately 10% discount relative to cash fares.
SamTrans does not provide physicaltransfers, but Clipper cards offer free transfers to other SamTrans buses within 2 hours of the first boarding.[53] SamTrans additionally offers a Day Pass which allows unlimited rides on local routes and a credit on higher-cost routes. The cost of the Day Pass is thrice the one-way fare on the local routes for adults, youth, and seniors/disabled/Medicare cardholders.
With the exception of youth summer passes, all SamTrans monthly passes must be loaded onto a Clipper card. Youth, senior and disabled monthly passes may only be loaded onto a corresponding Clipper card obtained from SamTrans or another Bay Area transit agency.
To ride SamTrans with Clipper card, the card must be "tagged" (read) by the Clipper card reader installed at the front of the bus near the farebox. The reader checks for a SamTrans monthly pass and local-fare credits from other agencies, computes the remaining fare and (if there is one) collects it in Clipper Cash. Note that northbound passengers on route KX to San Francisco must "tag" their Clipper card twice: once when boarding within San Mateo County (which collects a local fare or equivalent) and once before exiting in San Francisco (which collects any remaining fare).
Caltrain monthly passes (with two or more zones) and VTA monthly passes (that have been tagged on VTA in the last two hours) are honored on SamTrans as a local-fare credit.[54] To use a local-fare credit from a monthly pass loaded onto a Clipper card on higher-cost routes, the remaining fare must be collected in Clipper Cash.
New fareboxes were installed in June 2011. The fareboxes collect fares, issue new magnetic striped tickets (e.g., day passes, change cards) and process previously issued magnetic striped tickets (e.g., day passes, youth summer passes, change cards). When a patron does not have exact change, a change card is issued with a cash value that can be redeemed at a future farebox transaction for up to a year.
Up to three kids under 5 with fare-paying rider can board for free.
SamTrans currently has a fleet of 296 buses of various sizes for its fixed-route service. Fifty-five arearticulated buses made byNew Flyer Industries with the 10 m (35 ft) and 12 m (40 ft) buses with low flooring, are made by theGillig Corporation. Each bus is equipped withGPS tracking providing both visual and voice next-stop announcements, and are accessible to passengers in wheelchairs and those with limited mobility.
In 2009, SamTrans added 135 custom madeGillig low floor buses to their fleet, numbered 400-490, 500-539 & 2900-2903, replacing 137 older Gillig Phantom buses in their fleet.[55]
In 2018, SamTrans placed an order for 10Proterra 40-foot Catalyst BE40s buses as a first step towards the goal to have an all-electric fleet by 2033.[56] The battery electric buses were expected to enter revenue service in early 2019, and a charging station will be installed at each SamTrans maintenance facility. However, issues with battery charges and turning radius led to Samtrans ending the program. Recently, Samtrans took possession and testing of a New Flyer battery power bus, which has now led to both bases getting chargers installed or in process of being installed.[57]
In 2023, SamTrans ordered 108hydrogen fuel cell buses from New Flyer at a cost of $168m.[58] SamTrans aims to have a diesel free bus fleet by the mid 2030s.[58]
San Mateo County,California, United States | |
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