Republican Democratic Movement Mouvement démocratique républicain | |
|---|---|
| Founded | 1991 (1991) |
| Banned | 2003 (2003) |
| Succeeded by | Party for Progress and Concord |
| Headquarters | Kigali,Rwanda |
| Ideology | Moderates: Hardliners: |
| Political position | Moderates: Hardliners: |
TheRepublican Democratic Movement (French:Mouvement démocratique républicain, MDR) was a political party inRwanda.
The party was established in 1991,[1] after theNational Republican Movement for Democracy and Development (MRND) lost its monopoly on politics and opposition parties were legalised. The MDR took its name fromMDR-Parmehutu, the ruling party in the early 1960s. Like Parmehutu, the MDR's primary base of political support was Hutus in the centre of the country, particularly Kayibanda's home prefecture ofGitarama.
In late 1991, the MDR joined with theLiberal Party and theSocial Democratic Party to form an opposition coalition that placed pressure on PresidentJuvénal Habyarimana and the MRND to implement democratic reforms. In March 1992 Habyarimana named a multiparty government with a prime minister,Dismas Nsengiyaremye, from the MDR.[2] He was succeeded as prime minister in July 1993 by another MDR member,Agathe Uwilingiyimana.
The MDR was ostensibly moderate but developed numerous extremist factions which professedHutu Power beliefs. The most prominent extremist faction of the MDR was led by the party's vice president,Froduald Karamira, who was later executed for his participation in the 1994Rwandan genocide.
After its victory in theRwandan Civil War in 1994, theRwandan Patriotic Front (RPF) named a newBroad Based Government of National Unity with the MDR'sFaustin Twagiramungu as prime minister. He remained in office until 1995. In 2001, the MDR'sBernard Makuza was named prime minister.
With elections scheduled for mid-2003, the MDR was the only opposition party able to challenge the RPF. However, on 15 April 2003, Parliament voted to dissolve the party and accused it of being "divisionist".[3] Several former MDR members formed theParty for Progress and Concord later that year.[1]
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