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Jacobus Anthonie Meessen (Dutch pronunciation:[jaːˈkoːbʏsˈɑntoːniˈmeːsə(n)]; 5 December 1836 – 14 November 1885) was a Dutch photographer who took more than 250 portraits andlandscapes of theDutch East Indies (now Indonesia) between 1864 and 1870. Born to a carpenter inUtrecht, Meessen worked in that trade in the Indies before marrying in the Netherlands in the early 1860s. He returned to the colony in 1864, intent on documenting its land and people. He worked mostly in the capital of Batavia (nowJakarta),Java, andPadang,Sumatra; he also photographedBangka,Belitung,Borneo, andNias.
When Meessen returned to the Netherlands in 1870, he established a short-lived partnership with Abraham Vermeulen and began disseminating his photographs. Selected images were given toKing William III in an elaborately decorated album in 1871, while more were published byDe Bussy in 1875 and exhibited in Paris and Amsterdam. In his final years, Meessen worked predominantly as an architect. Collections of hisalbumen prints, some of which werehand-tinted or annotated, are held in four institutions in the Netherlands. (Full article...)
TheBattle of Ramillies (/ˈræmɪliːz/), fought on 23 May 1706, was a battle of theWar of the Spanish Succession. For theGrand Alliance – Austria, England, and the Dutch Republic – the battle had followed an indecisive campaign against theBourbon armies of KingLouis XIV of France in 1705. Although the Allies hadcaptured Barcelona that year, they had been forced to abandon their campaign on theMoselle, had stalled in theSpanish Netherlands and suffered defeat in northern Italy. Yet despite his opponents' setbacks LouisXIV wanted peace, but on reasonable terms. Because of this, as well as to maintain their momentum, the French and their allies took the offensive in 1706.
The campaign began well for Louis XIV's generals: in Italy MarshalVendôme defeated the Austrians at theBattle of Calcinato in April, while inAlsace MarshalVillars forced theMargrave of Baden back across theRhine. Encouraged by these early gains LouisXIV urged MarshalVilleroi to go over to the offensive in the Spanish Netherlands and, with victory, gain a 'fair' peace. Accordingly, the French Marshal set off fromLeuven (Louvain) at the head of 60,000 men and marched towardsTienen (Tirlemont), as if to threatenZoutleeuw (Léau). Also determined to fight a major engagement, theDuke of Marlborough, commander-in-chief of Anglo-Dutch forces, assembled his army – some 62,000 men – nearMaastricht, and marched past Zoutleeuw. With both sides seeking battle, they soon encountered each other on the dry ground between the riversMehaigne and PetiteGette, close to the small village ofRamillies. (Full article...)
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Three of the proposed designs: Germania's is on top, followed by Blohm & Voss' and Vickers'.
ADutch proposal to build newbattleships was originally tendered in 1912, after years of concern over the expansion of theImperial Japanese Navy and the withdrawal of allied British warships from theChina Station. Only fourcoastal defense ships were planned, but naval experts and theTweede Kamer (lower house of the parliament) believed that acquiring dreadnoughts would provide a stronger defense for theNederlands-Indië (Netherlands East Indies, abbr. NEI), so a Royal Commission was formed in June 1912.
The Royal Commission reported in August 1913. It recommended that theKoninklijke Marine (Royal Netherlands Navy) acquire ninedreadnought-type battleships to protect the NEI from attack and help guarantee the country's neutrality in Europe. Five of these would be based in the colony, while the other four would operate out of the Netherlands. Seven foreign companies submitted designs for the contract; naval historians believe that a 26,850-long-ton (27,280 tonne) ship, whose design was submitted by the German firmFriedrich Krupp Germaniawerft, would have been eventually selected. (Full article...)
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One sheet
Tjioeng Wanara (Indonesian pronunciation:[ˌtʃiʊŋwaˈnara];Perfected Spelling:Ciung Wanara) is a 1941 film from theDutch East Indies (modern-day Indonesia) directed and produced by Jo Eng Sek. Starring R Sukran,Elly Joenara and AB Djoenaedi, it featured more than 500 people in supporting roles. The film follows a young prince named Tjioeng Wanara who must reclaim his throne from the cruel King ofGaluh; it is adapted from theSundanese legendof the same name.
The second production byStar Film,Tjioeng Wanara was released 18 August 1941. It was advertised heavily, emphasising the fact that the scholarPoerbatjaraka had served as the historical adviser and that the film was based onBalai Pustaka's version of the legend. It premiered to commercial success, but received mixed reviews. Thisblack-and-white production, which was screened until at least 1948, is now thoughtlost. (Full article...)
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Film flyer
Air Mata Iboe (Perfected spelling:Air Mata Ibu;Malay forA Mother's Tears) is a 1941 film from theDutch East Indies (now Indonesia) directed and written byNjoo Cheong Seng. StarringFifi Young, Rd Ismail, Ali Sarosa, andAli Joego, it followed a mother who raises her children lovingly but is ultimately betrayed by her eldest sons when she falls upon hard times. The film, billed as a musical extravaganza, featured a soundtrack by R Koesbini, and an eponymoustitle song written by Njoo.
Boenga Roos dari Tjikembang (Indonesian pronunciation:[ˌbuŋaˌrʊsˌdaritʃikəmˈbaŋ]; translated to English asThe Rose of Cikembang) is a 1927vernacular Malay-language novel written byKwee Tek Hoay. The seventeen-chapter book follows a plantation manager, Aij Tjeng, who must leave his belovednjai (concubine) Marsiti so that he can be married. Eighteen years later, after Aij Tjeng's daughter Lily dies, her fiancé Bian Koen discovers that Marsiti had a daughter with Aij Tjeng, Roosminah, who greatly resembles Lily. In the end Bian Koen and Roosminah are married.
Inspired by the lyrics to the song "If Those Lips Could Only Speak" andWilliam Shakespeare'sA Midsummer Night's Dream,Boenga Roos dari Tjikembang was initially written as an outline for the stage drama troupe Union Dalia. Kwee intermixed several languages other than Malay, particularly Dutch,Sundanese, and English; he included two quotes from English poems and another from an English song. The novel has been interpreted variously as a promotion oftheosophy, a treatise on theBuddhist concept ofreincarnation, a call for education, an ode tonjais, and a condemnation of how such women are treated. (Full article...)
TheBattle of Morotai, part of thePacific War, began on 15 September 1944, and continued until the end of the war in August 1945. The fighting started when United States and Australian forces landed on the southwest corner ofMorotai, a small island in theNetherlands East Indies (NEI), which theAllies needed as a base to support theliberation of the Philippines later that year. The invading forces greatly outnumbered the island'sJapanese defenders and secured their objectives in two weeks. Japanese reinforcements landed on the island between September and November, but lacked the supplies needed to effectively attack the Allied defensive perimeter. Intermittent fighting continued until the end of the war, with the Japanese troops suffering heavy loss of life from disease and starvation.
Morotai's development into an Allied base began shortly after the landing, and two major airfields were ready for use in October. These and other base facilities played an important role in theLiberation of the Philippines during 1944 and 1945. Torpedo boats and aircraft based at Morotai also harassed Japanese positions in the NEI. The island's base facilities were further expanded in 1945 to support the Australian-ledBorneo Campaign, and Morotai remained an important logistical hub and command center until the Dutch reestablished their colonial rule in the NEI. (Full article...)
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Hieronymus Bosch,The Garden of Earthly Delights, oil on oak panels, 205.5 cm × 384.9 cm (81 in × 152 in),Museo del Prado, Madrid
The Garden of Earthly Delights (Dutch:De tuin der lusten,lit.'The garden of lusts') is the modern title given to afive-panel triptych (threeoil-painted panels when open, twooak panels when closed) by theEarly Netherlandish masterHieronymus Bosch, between 1490 and 1510, when Bosch was between 40 and 60 years old. Because of Bosch'sreligious beliefs, interpretations of the work typically assume it is a warning against the perils of temptation. The outer panels place the work on the Third Day of Creation. The intricacy of its symbolism, particularly that of the central panel, has led to a wide range of scholarly interpretations over the centuries.
Tengku Amir Hamzah (February 1911 – 20 March 1946) was an Indonesian poet andNational Hero of Indonesia. Born into aMalay aristocratic family in theSultanate of Langkat inNorth Sumatra, he was educated in bothSumatra andJava. While attending senior high school inSurakarta around 1930, Amir became involved with thenationalist movement and fell in love with aJavanese schoolmate, Ilik Sundari. Even after Amir continued his studies in legal school inBatavia (nowJakarta) the two remained close, only separating in 1937 when Amir was recalled to Sumatra to marry the sultan's daughter and take on responsibilities of the court. Though unhappy with his marriage, he fulfilled his courtly duties. AfterIndonesia proclaimed its independence in 1945, he served as the government's representative in Langkat. The following year he was killed ina social revolution led by the PESINDO (Pemuda Sosialis Indonesia), and buried in a mass grave.
Amir began writing poetry while still a teenager: though his works are undated, the earliest are thought to have been written when he first travelled to Java. Drawing influences from his own Malay culture and Islam, as well as from Christianity and Eastern literature, Amir wrote 50 poems, 18 pieces of lyrical prose, and numerous other works, including several translations. In 1932 he co-founded the literary magazinePoedjangga Baroe. After his return to Sumatra, he stopped writing. Most of his poems were published in two collections,Nyanyi Sunyi (1937) andBuah Rindu (1941), first inPoedjangga Baroe then as stand-alone books. (Full article...)
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Film poster forLoetoeng Kasaroeng, the first locally produced film released in theDutch East Indies A total of 112fictional films are known to have been produced in theDutch East Indies (modern-day Indonesia) between 1926 and the colony's dissolution in 1949. The earliest motion pictures, imported from abroad, were shown in late 1900, and by the early 1920s importedserials and fictional films were being shown, often with localised names. Dutch companies were also producing documentary films about the Indies to be shown in the Netherlands. The first reports of fictional film production in the Indies date from 1923, although the work in question was not completed. The first locally produced film,Loetoeng Kasaroeng, was directed by L. Heuveldorp and released on 31 December 1926.
Between 1926 and 1933 numerous other local productions were released. Although Dutchmen like Heuveldorp andGeorge Krugers continued to be active in the industry, the majority of filmmakers and producers wereethnic Chinese. The Tan brothers (Khoen Yauw and Khoen Hian) andThe Teng Chun were major producers during this period, while theWong brothers (Nelson, Othniel, and Joshua) were among the more prominent directors. During the mid-1930s, production dropped as a result of theGreat Depression. The release ofAlbert Balink's commercially and critically successfulTerang Boelan (Full Moon) in 1937 led to renewed interest in filmmaking, and 1941 saw thirty locally produced films. This rate of production declined after theJapanese occupation beginning in early 1942, closing all but one film studio; this resulted in several films which had begun production in 1941 being released several years later. The majority of films produced during the occupation were shortpropaganda pieces. Following theProclamation of Indonesian Independence in 1945 and during the ensuingrevolution several films were made, by both pro-Dutch and pro-Indonesian backers; the Dutch formally recognised Indonesia's sovereignty on 27 December 1949, leaving the Dutch East Indies defunct. (Full article...)
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Twenty-two people are recorded as havingproduced fictional films in theDutch East Indies between 1926, when L. Heuveldorp releasedLoetoeng Kasaroeng, the colony's first domestically produced film, and 1949, when the Dutch formally recognised Indonesia's sovereignty after afour-year revolution, leaving the Dutch East Indies defunct. Altogether, they are credited for 93 ofall known films produced in the Indies, and four of them remained active after independence. All were men; the first female film producer in Indonesia,Ratna Asmara, produced her first film in 1953.
The colony's first producer, Heuveldorp, was of European descent. He was followed in 1928 by theethnic Chinese businessmen Tjan Tjoen Lian and Liem Goan Lian, who began work onLily van Java but soon pulled out, to be replaced by David Wong. By 1930 Chinese producers had dominated the industry. The most active of these,The Teng Chun, made his debut in 1931 withBoenga Roos dari Tjikembang; he would go on to produce another 27 films before independence. Nonative Indonesian film producers are recorded from this period, although several productions were credited only to companies. (Full article...)
TheBattle of Camperdown was an important naval action of theFrench Revolutionary Wars, fought offCamperduin on theNorth Holland coast on 11 October 1797 between aRoyal Navy fleet under AdmiralAdam Duncan and aBatavian Navy fleet under Vice-AdmiralJan Willem de Winter.France had overrun theDutch Republic two years earlier, which was replaced by theBatavian Republic. In early 1797, the Batavian Navy was ordered to sail toBrest and unite with the French Atlantic Fleet in preparation for an invasion ofIreland. Shortly afterwards, the British navy was paralysed by theSpithead and Nore mutinies, in which the navy's sailors refused to take their ships to sea until they were awarded better pay and conditions.For two months[citation needed] theEnglish Channel was undefended, but the Batavian navy failed to take the opportunity to sail from their harbour in theTexel as their preparations were not complete; furthermore, a small squadron of loyal ships under Duncan convinced de Winter that the British navy was at sea by sending nonsensical signals to fictitious ships over the horizon.
By October 1797, the plan to invade Ireland had been abandoned and the British North Sea Fleet was again at full strength. During a brief period replenishing supplies atYarmouth, news reached Duncan on 10 October that de Winter had set sail with his fleeton a raiding cruise[citation needed] and he returned to the Dutch coast, intercepting the Batavian fleet on its way back to the Texel. The Batavians formed aline of battle in shallow coastal waters to meet Duncan's attack, which was conducted in a confused mass, the British fleet separating into two groups that struck thevanguard andrear of the Batavian fleet, overwhelming each in turn and capturing eleven ships, including de Winter's flagshipVrijheid. On the return journey, three of the captured ships were lost, andnone of the surviving prizes were ever suitable for active service again[citation needed]. Both sides suffered heavy casualties during the battle as each fleet had been trained to aim at the hulls of their opponents, maximising the damage to personnel. (Full article...)
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Since 1 January 2023, there are 342 regular municipalities (Dutch:gemeenten[ɣəˈmeːntə(n)]ⓘ;sing.gemeente[xəˈmeːntə]ⓘ) and threespecial municipalities (Dutch:bijzondere gemeenten[biˈzɔndərə-]) in theNetherlands. The latter is the status of three of the six island territories that make up theDutch Caribbean. Municipalities are the second-level administrative division, orpublic bodies (Dutch:openbare lichamen), in the Netherlands and are subdivisions of their respectiveprovinces. Their duties are delegated to them by thecentral government and they are ruled by amunicipal council that is elected every four years. Municipalmergers have reduced the total number of municipalities by two-thirds since the first official boundaries were created in the mid 19th century. Municipalities themselves are informally subdivided into districts and neighbourhoods for administrative and statistical purposes.
These municipalities come in a wide range of sizes,Westervoort is the smallest with a land area of 7.01 km2 (2.71 sq mi) andSúdwest-Fryslân the largest with a land area of 522.7 km2 (201.8 sq mi).Schiermonnikoog is both the least populated, with 972 people, and the least densely populated municipality at23/km2 (60/sq mi).Amsterdam has the highest population with 931,298 residents as of January 2024, whereasThe Hague is the most densely populated with a density of6,868/km2 (17,790/sq mi). (Full article...)
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This page is alist offilms that received theGolden Film since its introduction in 2001 by theNetherlands Film Festival and theNetherlands Film Fund. In 2001 and 2002, films from theNetherlands received the award once they had sold 75,000 tickets. From 2003 to date, the Golden Film is awarded to films from the Netherlands once they have sold 100,000 tickets. This page shows, for both audience criteria, which films received the Golden Film and how soon they received it after their releases.
In the following tables, the 'year' column contains the years in which the films received the Golden Film, the '#' column contains the number of the Golden Film, the 'film title' column contains the titles of the receiving films, the 'film release' column contains the dates on which the films were first released in the cinemas, and the 'Golden Film' column contains the days when the Netherlands Film Festival and the Netherlands Film Fund announced that the receiving films reached the audience criterion of the Golden Film. (Full article...)
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TheWong brothers (one pictured) were the firstethnic Chinese directors in the Indies. Twenty-nine people are recorded as havingdirected fictional films in theDutch East Indies between 1926, when L. Heuveldorp releasedLoetoeng Kasaroeng, the colony's first domestically produced film, and 1949, when the Dutch formally recognised Indonesia's sovereignty after afour-year revolution, leaving the Dutch East Indies defunct. Thirteen directors active in the Indies continued to direct films after 1950, includingUsmar Ismail: his 1950 filmDarah dan Doa (The Long March) is generally considered the first truly Indonesian film.
TheAmsterdam Tournament (Dutch:Amsterdam Toernooi) was a pre-seasonassociation football competition, held inAmsterdam,Netherlands. The competition was hosted byEredivisie clubAjax at theAmsterdam Arena. It was inaugurated in 1975 as theAmsterdam 700 Tournament to celebrate 700 years of history in the city. It was held annually each summer until 1992, when the last edition of the original tournament was played. It returned in 1999 with the backing of the International Event Partnership (IEP). Four teams participate in the competition, played in a league format since 1986.
Since its return, the tournament has used an unusual point scoring system. As with most league competitions, three points are awarded for a win, one for a draw and zero for a loss. An additional point, however, is awarded for each goal scored. The system is designed to reward teams that adopt a more attacking style of play. Each entrant plays two matches, with the winner being the club that finishes at the top of the table. The original competition was held at Amsterdam'sOlympic Stadium, where Ajax played its international games until 1996. The Amsterdam Arena, now named theJohan Cruyff Arena, has played host to the event since the return until 2009. (Full article...)
Enchanted by his new homeland of New Netherland, Van der Donck made detailed accounts of the land, vegetation, animals, waterways, topography, and climate. Van der Donck used this knowledge to actively promote immigration to the colony, publishing several tracts, including his influentialDescription of New Netherland. Charles Gehring, Director of theNew Netherland Project, has called it "the fullest account of the province, its geography, the Indians who inhabited it, and its prospects…It has been said that had it not been written inDutch, it would have gone down as one of the great works ofAmerican colonial literature."
Awindmill is a mill that converts theenergy of wind intorotational energy by means of vanes calledsails or blades. Traditional windmills were often used tomill grain, pump water, or both. Most modern windmills take the form ofwind turbines used to generate electricity, orwindpumps used to pump water, either for land drainage or to extractgroundwater.
Bartholomeus van der Helst's 1648 painting depicting a company ofschutterij celebrating thePeace of Münster, thetreaty between theDutch Republic andSpain signed earlier that year making the United Netherlands independent from theHoly Roman Empire. TheDutch Revolt had begun in 1566, and the Northern Netherlands becamede facto independent over the years. By the end,France allied itself with the Dutch, taking much of theSouthern Netherlands. On January 30, 1648, the warring parties reached an agreement after seven years of negotiations, and the final treaty was signed on May 15.
Therupiah is the national currency of Indonesia. Introduced in 1946 by Indonesian nationalistsfighting for independence, the currency replaced a version of theNetherlands Indies gulden which had been introduced during theJapanese occupation inWorld War II. In its early years the rupiah was used in conjunction with other currencies, including a new version of the gulden introduced by the Dutch. Since 1950, it has had alengthy history of inflation and revaluation. As of August 2018[update] '"`UNIQ--nowiki-0000002B-QINU`"' , the currency—which is issued and controlled by theBank of Indonesia—is trading for more than 14,600 rupiah to theUnited States dollar.
Banknotes:Empire of Japan. Reproduction: National Numismatic Collection, National Museum of American History at the Smithsonian Institution
TheJapanese-issued Netherlands Indies gulden was the currency issued by theJapanese Empire when it occupied theDutch East Indies during World War II. Following the Dutch capitulation in March 1942, the Japanese closed all banks, seized assets and currency, and assumed control of the economy in the territory. They began issuingmilitary banknotes, as had previously been done in other occupied territories. These were printed in Japan, but retained the name of the pre-war currency and replaced the Dutch gulden at par. From 1943 the military banknotes were replaced by identical bank-issued notes printed within the territory, and the currency was renamed theroepiah from 1944. The currency was replaced by theIndonesian rupiah in 1946, one year after the Japanese surrender and the country's independence.
This note, denominated five gulden, is part of the 1942 series.
A banknote for oneNetherlands Indies gulden. This note was issued in 1815 as part of the first Dutch government-issued paper money in the Netherlands Indies. However, in 1818 the issuing bank—De Bank Courant en Bank van Leening—was dissolved due to a lack of capital, and six months later, this first series of notes was declared worthless.
TheMunttoren, atower inAmsterdam, theNetherlands, as seen from the riverAmstel at dusk. The tower was originally part of the Regulierspoort, one of the main gates in Amsterdam's medievalcity wall, dating to 1487. After a fire destroyed the gate in 1618, the tower was rebuilt in theAmsterdam Renaissance style, with an eight-sided top half and open spire designed byHendrick de Keyser, featuring a clock with four faces and acarillon of bells. The name ("Mint Tower") refers to the time when it was temporarily used tomint coins in theRampjaar ("disastrous year") of 1672 when bothEngland andFrance declared war on theDutch Republic, andsilver andgold could not be safely transported toDordrecht andEnkhuizen, where coins were normally minted.
Lights along the fire line memorialize theRotterdam Blitz, 14 May 2007. On this day in 1940, theLuftwaffe bombarded the city ofRotterdam as part of theGerman invasion of the Netherlands. About 2.6 km2 (1 sq mi) of the city was leveled and as a result, the Netherlands surrendered to Germany.
Engraver: George J. Verbeck, after Thérèse van Duyl Schwarze Restoration:Lise Broer
A 1901etching ofQueen Wilhelmina of the Netherlands, based on an 1898 painting of her in hercoronation robe. Having assumed the throne at the age of ten after the death of her father,King William III, Wilhemina ruled for fifty-eight years (1890–1948), longer than any otherDutch monarch. In 1948 she abdicated in favor of her daughterJuliana, thereafter making few public appearances until the country was devastated by theNorth Sea flood of 1953.
Aself-portrait ofLouis-Marie Autissier (1772–1830), a French-born Belgianportrait miniature painter. He is considered the founder of the Belgian school of miniature painting in the nineteenth century. Born atVannes, inBrittany, he joined theFrench Revolutionary Army atRennes in 1791. On leaving the army in 1795, Autissier went to Paris and trained his art by studying paintings at theLouvre. In 1796 he settled inBrussels, but continued to divide his time between Belgium, the Netherlands, and France. Although he enjoyed great success in his career, serving ascourt painter toLouis Napoleon, French King of the Netherlands, and later toWillem I, Autissier died penniless.
Featured articles -load new batch![Image 1 Jacobus Anthonie Meessen (Dutch pronunciation: [jaːˈkoːbʏs ˈɑntoːni ˈmeːsə(n)]; 5 December 1836 – 14 November 1885) was a Dutch photographer who took more than 250 portraits and landscapes of the Dutch East Indies (now Indonesia) between 1864 and 1870. Born to a carpenter in Utrecht, Meessen worked in that trade in the Indies before marrying in the Netherlands in the early 1860s. He returned to the colony in 1864, intent on documenting its land and people. He worked mostly in the capital of Batavia (now Jakarta), Java, and Padang, Sumatra; he also photographed Bangka, Belitung, Borneo, and Nias. When Meessen returned to the Netherlands in 1870, he established a short-lived partnership with Abraham Vermeulen and began disseminating his photographs. Selected images were given to King William III in an elaborately decorated album in 1871, while more were published by De Bussy in 1875 and exhibited in Paris and Amsterdam. In his final years, Meessen worked predominantly as an architect. Collections of his albumen prints, some of which were hand-tinted or annotated, are held in four institutions in the Netherlands. (Full article...)](/mt/?noimg=&dark=on&url=http%3a%2f%2fen.m.wikipedia.org%2fwiki%2fFile%3aBlank.png)
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![Image 7 Indonesian rupiah Banknotes: Bank of Indonesia The rupiah is the national currency of Indonesia. Introduced in 1946 by Indonesian nationalists fighting for independence, the currency replaced a version of the Netherlands Indies gulden which had been introduced during the Japanese occupation in World War II. In its early years the rupiah was used in conjunction with other currencies, including a new version of the gulden introduced by the Dutch. Since 1950, it has had a lengthy history of inflation and revaluation. As of August 2018[update] '"`UNIQ--nowiki-0000002B-QINU`"' , the currency—which is issued and controlled by the Bank of Indonesia—is trading for more than 14,600 rupiah to the United States dollar. This note, denominated 50,000 rupiah, is from a 2011 revision of an earlier series. It depicts I Gusti Ngurah Rai, a National Hero of Indonesia, on its obverse, and Bratan Temple on its reverse. See other denominations: Rp 1,000, Rp 2,000, Rp 5,000, Rp 10,000, Rp 20,000, Rp 100,000 More selected pictures](/mt/?noimg=&dark=on&url=http%3a%2f%2fen.m.wikipedia.org%2fwiki%2fFile%3a50000_rupiah_bill%2c_2011_revision_(2013_date)%2c_processed%2c_obverse%252Breverse.jpg)
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