Movatterモバイル変換

[0]ホーム

Jump to content

Portal:California

Edit links

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Portal maintenance status:(June 2018)

This portal'ssubpageshave been checked by an editor, and are needed.

Pleasetake care when editing, especially if usingautomated editing software. Learn how toupdate the maintenance information here.

Wikipedia portal for content related to California

Portal topics - (Random portal)

Introduction

Welcome to the Portal:California. Such a lovely place.

California
State
State of California
Flag Seal
Map of the United States with California highlighted

Shortcut

P:CALP:CAL

California (/ˌkælɪˈfɔːrniə/) is astate in theWestern United States that lies on thePacific Coast. It bordersOregon to the north,Nevada andArizona to the east, and sharesan international border with theMexican state ofBaja California to the south. With almost 40 million residents across an area of 163,696 square miles (423,970 km²), it is thelargest state by population,third-largest state by area and thelargest state economy in the U.S., with a GDP of approximately $4.3 trillion.

Prior toEuropean colonization, California was one of the most culturally and linguistically diverse areas inpre-Columbian North America. European exploration in the 16th and 17th centuries led to the colonization by theSpanish Empire. The area became a part of Mexico in 1821, as a result ofits successful war for independence. Following theU.S. conquest of California, part of theMexican-American War, California wasceded to the United States in 1848. TheCalifornia gold rush started in 1848 and led to social and demographic changes, including theCalifornia genocide. It organized itself and wasadmitted as the 31st state in 1850 as afree state, following theCompromise of 1850.

Theeconomy of California is the largest of any U.S. state, with an estimated 2025gross state product of $4.296 trillion as of Q3 2025. It is the world'slargest sub-national economy and, if it were an independent country, would be the fourth-largest economy in the world (behind Germany and ahead of Japan, as of 2025) whenranked by nominal GDP.The state's agricultural industry leads the nation in output, fueled by its production ofdairy,almonds, andgrapes. With the busiest port in the country (Los Angeles), California plays a pivotal role in the global supply chain, hauling in about 40% of goods imported to the US. Notable contributions topopular culture, ranging fromentertainment,sports,music, andfashion, have their origins in California. Despite an exodus of filmmaking from California,Hollywood continues to be an important center of theU.S. film industry, one of the oldest and largest film industries in the world; profoundly influencing global entertainment since the 1920s. The San Francisco Bay'sSilicon Valley is the center of the global technology industry. (Full article...)

Refresh with new selections below (purge)

edit

Selected article -show another

Griffith Observatory in September 2006

Griffith Observatory is located inLos Angeles, California,United States. Sitting on the south-facing slope of Mount Hollywood in L.A.'sGriffith Park, it commands a view of theLos Angeles Basin, includingdowntown Los Angeles to the southeast,Hollywood to the south, and thePacific Ocean to the southwest. Theobservatory is a popular tourist attraction that features an extensive array ofspace- andscience-related displays.

The land on which the observatory stands was donated to the City of Los Angeles by Col.Griffith J. Griffith in 1896. In his will, Griffith donated funds to build an observatory, exhibit hall, andplanetarium on the donated land. Construction began on June 20, 1933 using a design developed by architect John C. Austin based on preliminary sketches byRussell W. Porter. The observatory and accompanying exhibits were opened to the public on May 14, 1935.(Full article...)

More selected articles

General images -load new batch

The following are images from various California-related articles on Wikipedia.

Image 1TheGetty Villa (fromCulture of California)
Image 2Presidio of Santa Barbara. (fromCulture of California)
Image 3Bilingual English-Spanish sign in theColorado Desert ofSouthern California. (fromCulture of California)
Image 4Dividing the Light (2007), askyspace byJames Turrell atPomona College (fromCulture of California)
Image 5In-N-Out burgers (fromCulture of California)
Image 6TheUniversity of California, Berkeley is the flagship school of the University of California system. (fromCulture of California)
Image 7Poppies, Antelope Valley, aCalifornia Impressionist painting byBenjamin Chambers Brown (fromCulture of California)
Image 8The 1835Manifiesto a la República Mejicana, byJosé Figueroa, was the first book published in California (fromCulture of California)
Image 9Stanford University Oval (fromCulture of California)

edit

Selected quote -show another

California is a fine place to live - if you happen to be an orange.

—Fred Allen

More selected quotes •Read more

Selected biographies -load new batch

Image 1
Randy Shilts (August 8, 1951 – February 17, 1994) was an American journalist and author. After studying journalism at theUniversity of Oregon, Shilts began working as areporter for bothThe Advocate and theSan Francisco Chronicle, as well as forSan Francisco Bay Area television stations. In the 1980s, he was noted for being the first openly gay reporter for theSan Francisco Chronicle.

His first book,The Mayor of Castro Street: The Life and Times of Harvey Milk, was a biography of LGBT activistHarvey Milk. His second book,And the Band Played On, chronicled the history of theAIDS epidemic. Despite some controversy surrounding the book in the LGBT community, Shilts was praised for his meticulous documentation of an epidemic that was little-understood at the time. It was later made into anHBO film of the same name in 1993. His final book,Conduct Unbecoming: Gays and Lesbians in the US Military from Vietnam to the Persian Gulf, examined discrimination againstlesbians and gays in the military. (Full article...)
Image 2

Oppenheimer in 1944

J. Robert Oppenheimer (bornJulius Robert Oppenheimer/ˈɒpənhaɪmər/ ^ⓘOP-ən-hy-mər; April 22, 1904 – February 18, 1967) was an Americantheoretical physicist who served as the director of theManhattan Project'sLos Alamos Laboratory duringWorld War II. He is often called the "father of theatomic bomb" for his role in overseeing the development of the first nuclear weapons.

Born inNew York City, Oppenheimer obtained a degree inchemistry fromHarvard University in 1925 and adoctorate in physics from theUniversity of Göttingen inGermany in 1927, studying underMax Born. After research at other institutions, he joined the physics faculty at theUniversity of California, Berkeley, where he was made a full professor in 1936. (Full article...)
Image 3

Seaborg in 1964

Glenn Theodore Seaborg (/ˈsiːbɔːrɡ/SEE-borg; April 19, 1912 – February 25, 1999) was an Americanchemist whose involvement in thesynthesis, discovery and investigation of tentransuranium elements earned him a share of the 1951Nobel Prize in Chemistry. His work in this area also led to his development of theactinide concept and the arrangement of theactinide series in theperiodic table of the elements.

Seaborg spent most of his career as an educator and research scientist at theUniversity of California, Berkeley, serving as a professor, and, between 1958 and 1961, as the university's second chancellor. He advised ten US presidents—fromHarry S. Truman toBill Clinton—on nuclear policy and was Chairman of theUnited States Atomic Energy Commission from 1961 to 1971, where he pushed for commercialnuclear energy and the peaceful applications of nuclear science. Throughout his career, Seaborg worked for arms control. He was a signatory to theFranck Report and contributed to theLimited Test Ban Treaty, theNuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty and theComprehensive Test Ban Treaty. He was a well-known advocate of science education and federal funding for pure research. Toward the end of theEisenhower administration, he was the principal author of the Seaborg Report on academic science, and, as a member of PresidentRonald Reagan'sNational Commission on Excellence in Education, he was a key contributor to its 1983 report "A Nation at Risk". (Full article...)
Image 4

Broadus Jr. in 2023

Calvin Cordozar Broadus Jr. (/ˈbroʊdɪs/BROH-dis; born October 20, 1971), known professionally asSnoop Dogg (previouslySnoop Doggy Dogg), is an American rapper, singer, record producer, songwriter, and actor. A key figure inWest Coast hip-hop, he helped defineG-funk andgangsta rap, and is often regarded as one of the greatest rappers of all time. Known for his signaturedrawled delivery and melodic flow, his lyrics frequently address social issues such asrecreational drug use andgun violence.

He rose to prominence in 1992 through his collaborations withDr. Dre, first on the single "Deep Cover" and later onThe Chronic, including "Nuthin' but a 'G' Thang". Produced by Dr. Dre, his debut albumDoggystyle (1993) debuted atop theBillboard 200 with 806,000 copies sold in its first week. The album spawned the hit singles "What's My Name?" and "Gin and Juice", later receivingquadruple platinum certification by theRecording Industry Association of America (RIAA). His second album,Tha Doggfather (1996), also debuted at number one. (Full article...)
Image 5

Self-Portrait, 1902

Xavier Timoteo Martínez (February 7, 1869 – January 13, 1943) was a Mexican-born American artist active inCalifornia the late 19th and early 20th century. He was a well-known bohemian figure inSan Francisco, theEast Bay, and theMonterey Peninsula and one of the co-founders of two California artists' organizations and an art gallery. He painted in atonalist style and also producedmonotypes,etchings, andsilverpoint. (Full article...)
Image 6

Meyer in 1996 (photo byRoger Ebert)

Russell Albion Meyer (March 21, 1922 – September 18, 2004) was an Americanfilmmaker. He was primarily known for writing and directing a successful series ofsexploitation films featuringcampy humor, sly satire and large-breasted women, which have attracted a considerablecult following. His best-known works includeFaster, Pussycat! Kill! Kill! (1965),Vixen! (1968),Supervixens (1975),Beneath the Valley of the Ultra-Vixens (1979), and the film he considered to be his definitive work,Beyond the Valley of the Dolls (1970). (Full article...)
Image 7

Milk in 1978

Harvey Bernard Milk (May 22, 1930 – November 27, 1978) was an American politician and the first openly gay man to be elected to public office in California, as a member of theSan Francisco Board of Supervisors.

Milk was born and raised in New York. He acknowledged his homosexuality in adolescence, but secretly pursued sexual relationships well into adulthood. Thecounterculture of the 1960s caused him to shed many of his conservative views about individual freedom and sexual expression. Milk moved to San Francisco in 1972 and opened a camera store. After holding an assortment of jobs and frequently changing addresses, he settled inthe Castro, a neighborhood that was experiencing a mass immigration of gay men and lesbians. He ran for city supervisor in 1973, but the existing gay political establishment resisted him. Milk's campaign was compared to theater due to his personality, earning media attention and votes, although not enough to be elected. He campaigned again in the next two supervisor elections, dubbing himself the "Mayor of Castro Street". The voter response caused him to also run for theCalifornia State Assembly. Due to his growing popularity, he led thegay rights movement in battles against anti-gay initiatives. Milk was elected city supervisor in 1977 after San Francisco began to choose neighborhood representatives rather than city-wide ones. During Milk's almost eleven months in office, he sponsored a bill banning discrimination based on sexual orientation in public accommodations, housing, and employment. The supervisors passed the bill by a vote of 11–1, and MayorGeorge Moscone signed it into law. On November 27, 1978,Milk and Moscone were assassinated byDan White, a disgruntled former city supervisor who cast the sole vote against Milk's bill. (Full article...)
Image 8

Picture of Stafford from theNew York Sunday News, September 21, 1947

Jo Elizabeth Stafford (November 12, 1917 – July 16, 2008) was an Americantraditional pop singer, whose career spanned five decades from the late 1930s to the early 1980s. Admired for the purity of her voice, she originally underwent classical training to become anopera singer before following a career in popular music and by 1955 had achieved more worldwide record sales than any other female artist. Her 1952 song "You Belong to Me" topped the charts in the United States and United Kingdom, becoming the second single to top theUK Singles Chart and the first by a female artist to do so.

Born in remote oil-richCoalinga, California, near Fresno in theSan Joaquin Valley, Stafford made her first musical appearance at age 12. While still at high school, she joined her two older sisters to form a vocal trio named the Stafford Sisters, who found moderate success on radio and in film. In 1938, while the sisters were part of the cast ofTwentieth Century Fox's production ofAlexander's Ragtime Band, Stafford met the future members ofthe Pied Pipers and became the group's lead singer. BandleaderTommy Dorsey hired them in 1939 to perform vocals with his orchestra. From 1940 to 1942, the group often performed with Dorsey's new male singer, Frank Sinatra. (Full article...)
Image 9

Monroe in 1953

Marilyn Monroe (/ˈmærəlɪnmənˈroʊ/MARR-ə-lin mən-ROH; bornNorma Jeane Mortenson; June 1, 1926 – August 4, 1962) was an American actress and model. Known for playing comic "blonde bombshell" characters, she became one of the most popularsex symbols of the 1950s and early 1960s, as well as an emblem of the era'ssexual revolution. She was a top-billed actress for a decade, and her films grossed $200 million (equivalent to $2 billion in 2024) byher death in 1962.

Born inLos Angeles, Monroe spent most of her childhood in foster homes and an orphanage before marryingJames Dougherty at the age of 16. She was working in a factory duringWorld War II when she met a photographer from theFirst Motion Picture Unit and began a successfulpin-up modeling career, which led to short-lived film contracts with20th Century Fox andColumbia Pictures. After roles as a freelancer, she began a longer contract with Fox in 1951, becoming a popular actress with roles in several comedies, includingAs Young as You Feel andMonkey Business, and in the dramasClash by Night andDon't Bother to Knock. Monroe faced a scandal when it was revealed that she had posed for nude photographs prior to fame, but the story resulted in increased interest in her films. (Full article...)
Image 10

Official portrait, 1983

Nancy Davis Reagan (bornAnne Frances Robbins; July 6, 1921 – March 6, 2016) was an American actress who wasFirst Lady of the United States from 1981 to 1989. She was the second wife ofRonald Reagan, the 40thpresident of the United States.

Reagan was born in New York City. After her parents separated, she lived inMaryland with an aunt and uncle for six years. When her mother remarried in 1929, she moved toChicago and was adopted by her mother's second husband. AsNancy Davis, she was a Hollywood actress in the 1940s and 1950s, starring in films such asThe Next Voice You Hear...,Night into Morning, andDonovan's Brain. In 1952, she married Ronald Reagan, who was then president of theScreen Actors Guild. He had two children from his previous marriage toJane Wyman, and he and Nancy had two children together. Nancy Reagan was the first lady of California when her husband wasgovernor from 1967 to 1975, and she began to work with theFoster Grandparents Program. (Full article...)
Image 11

Chotiner in 1956

Murray M Chotiner (October 4, 1909 – January 30, 1974) was an Americanpolitical strategist,attorney,government official, and close associate and friend of PresidentRichard Nixon during much of the 37th President's political career. He served ascampaign manager for the future president's successful runs for theUnited States Senate in 1950 and for thevice presidency in 1952, and managed the campaigns of otherCalifornia Republicans. He was active in each of Nixon's two successful runs for theWhite House in low-profile positions.

Chotiner was born inPittsburgh, Pennsylvania; his father moved the family to California and then abandoned his wife and children. Murray Chotiner attendedUCLA, and graduated from theSouthwestern School of Law. He practiced law in Los Angeles, and branched out into public relations. Involving himself in Republican politics, he played an active part in several political campaigns and made an unsuccessful run for theCalifornia State Assembly in 1938. (Full article...)
Image 12

Parsons in 1941

John Whiteside Parsons (bornMarvel Whiteside Parsons; October 2, 1914 – June 17, 1952) was an Americanrocket engineer,chemist, andThelemite occultist. Parsons was one of the principal founders of both theJet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) andAerojet. He invented the firstrocket engine to use acastable,composite rocket propellant, and pioneered the advancement of bothliquid-fuel andsolid-fuel rockets.

Parsons was raised in Pasadena, California. He beganamateur rocket experiments with school friendEdward Forman in 1928. Parsons was admitted toStanford University but left before graduating due to financial hardship during theGreat Depression. In 1934, Parsons, Forman, andFrank Malina formed the Caltech-affiliatedGuggenheim Aeronautical Laboratory (GALCIT) Rocket Research Group, with support by GALCIT chairmanTheodore von Kármán. The group worked onJet-Assisted Take Off (JATO) for the U.S. military, and founded Aerojet in 1942 to develop and sell JATO technology during World War II. The GALCIT Rocket Research Group became JPL in 1943. (Full article...)
Image 13

Barbera in 1993

Joseph Roland Barbera (/bɑːrˈbɛərə/bar-BAIR-ə;Italian:[barˈbɛːra]; March 24, 1911 – December 18, 2006) was an American animator and cartoonist. He co-founded the animation studioHanna-Barbera alongsideWilliam Hanna.

Born toItalian immigrants in New York City, Barbera hesitantly joinedVan Beuren Studios in 1932 and subsequentlyTerrytoons in 1936. In 1937, he moved to California, and while working atMetro-Goldwyn-Mayer (MGM), Barbera met Hanna. The two men began a collaboration that was at first best known for producingTom and Jerry. (Full article...)
Image 14

London in 1903

John Griffith London (né Chaney; January 12, 1876 – November 22, 1916), better known asJack London, was an American novelist, journalist and activist. A pioneer of commercial fiction and American magazines, he was one of the first American authors to become an international celebrity and earn a large fortune from writing. He was also an innovator in the genre that would later become known asscience fiction.

London was part of the radical literary group "The Crowd" inSan Francisco and a passionate advocate ofanimal welfare,workers' rights andsocialism. London wrote several works dealing with these topics, such as hisdystopian novelThe Iron Heel, his non-fictionexposéThe People of the Abyss,War of the Classes, andBefore Adam. (Full article...)
Image 15

Caroline Agnes Brady (also known asCaroline Agnes Von Egmont Brady; October 3, 1905 – November 5, 1980) was an Americanphilologist who specialised inOld English andOld Norse works. Her works included the 1943 bookThe Legends of Ermanaric, based on her doctoral dissertation, and three influential papers on theAnglo-Saxon poemBeowulf. She taught at theUniversity of California, Berkeley, theUniversity of Pennsylvania,Johns Hopkins University, andHarvard University, among other places.

Brady was born an American citizen inTientsin, China, and traveled frequently as a child, spending time inLos Angeles, California,British Columbia, andAustin, Texas. She studied in theUniversity of California system, receiving her bachelor's and master's degrees, and herPh.D. in 1935. She next became an English instructor at that university's College of Agriculture, and worked as anassistant professor of languages and literature at Berkeley from 1941 to 1946. The following three years were spent at the University of Pennsylvania, until, at the end of 1949, Brady moved to teach atCentral Oregon Community College; her resignation due to "ill health" was announced a few months later. After being named the 1952–53Marion Talbot Fellow of theAmerican Association of University Women and writing two articles, Brady's scholarship ceased for a quarter of a century. In 1979, and posthumously in 1983, her final two articles were published. (Full article...)

More selected biographies

Did you know -load new batch

... thata California TV station wondered whether it had the "World's Longest Pregnancy"?
... that the court-appointed receiver fora California TV station noted that the business "at least equal[ed] the most poorly managed companies I've seen"?
... that California voters approveda 1908 constitutional amendment by just two votes out of more than 185,000 cast?
... that when a state highway betweenBeegum andPeanut was vetoed, a newspaper accused their residents of lacking imagination?
... thatBurrito Express began shipping out its burritos by mail because of demand from former customers who had moved away from California?
... thatProject Carryall proposed the detonation of 23 nuclear devices in California to build a road?
... that during theJanuary 1982 California floods, more than 18,000landslides swept through theSan Francisco Bay Area with little warning?
... that in 1858, when 400 Black Americans experiencing discrimination in Californiaresettled on Vancouver Island, clergymanEdward Cridge integratedChrist Church to welcome them?

Older did you know facts

edit

Selected picture -show another

Golden Gate Bridge

Credit: Dschwen

TheGolden Gate Bridge is asuspension bridge spanning theGolden Gate, the opening of theSan Francisco Bay onto thePacific Ocean. As part of bothU.S. Route 101 andCalifornia State Route 1, it connects the city ofSan Francisco on the northern tip of theSan Francisco Peninsula toMarin County.

More selected pictures

edit

Selected panorama -show another

Credit:Phreakdigital

TheCrystal Range is a small group of mountains located within theDesolation Wilderness in the U.S. state of California. It is a subrange of theSierra Nevada. The highest and most southerly peak isPyramid Peak at 9987 ft; Mount Agassiz is next north at 9967 ft, withMount Price (9975 ft) rounding out the southern group of peaks.Tells Peak is the northernmost named peak in the range.

More selected panoramas •Read more

edit

Topics

v t e State ofCalifornia
Sacramento (capital)
Topics	Culture Food Music California sound Sports dream Demographics Earthquakes Economy Agriculture Education Environment Geography Climate Ecology Flora Fauna Government Capitol Districts Governor Legislature Supreme Court Healthcare History Law National Historic Landmarks National Natural Landmarks NRHP listings Politics Congressional delegations Elections People Protected areas State Parks State Historic Landmarks Symbols Transportation Water Index of articles
Regions	Antelope Valley Big Sur California Coast Ranges Cascade Range Central California Central Coast Central Valley Channel Islands Coachella Valley Coastal California Conejo Valley Cucamonga Valley Death Valley East Bay (SF Bay Area) East County (SD) Eastern California Emerald Triangle Gold Country Great Basin Greater San Bernardino Inland Empire Klamath Basin Lake Tahoe Greater Los Angeles Los Angeles Basin Lost Coast Mojave Desert Mountain Empire North Bay (SF) North Coast North Coast (SD) Northern California Orange Coast Owens Valley Oxnard Plain Peninsular Ranges Pomona Valley Sacramento–San Joaquin River Delta Sacramento Valley Saddleback Valley Salinas Valley San Fernando Valley San Francisco Bay Area San Francisco Peninsula San Gabriel Valley San Joaquin Valley Santa Clara Valley Santa Clara River Valley Santa Clarita Valley Santa Ynez Valley Shasta Cascade Sierra Nevada Silicon Valley South Bay (LA) South Bay (SD) South Bay (SF) South Coast Southern Border Region Southern California Transverse Ranges Tri-Valley Victor Valley Wine Country
Metro regions	Fresno–Madera Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim Sacramento–Roseville Riverside–San Bernardino–Ontario San Diego–Tijuana San Jose–San Francisco–Oakland
Counties	Alameda Alpine Amador Butte Calaveras Colusa Contra Costa Del Norte El Dorado Fresno Glenn Humboldt Imperial Inyo Kern Kings Lake Lassen Los Angeles Madera Marin Mariposa Mendocino Merced Modoc Mono Monterey Napa Nevada Orange Placer Plumas Riverside Sacramento San Benito San Bernardino San Diego San Francisco San Joaquin San Luis Obispo San Mateo Santa Barbara Santa Clara Santa Cruz Shasta Sierra Siskiyou Solano Sonoma Stanislaus Sutter Tehama Trinity Tulare Tuolumne Ventura Yolo Yuba
Most populous cities	Los Angeles San Diego San Jose San Francisco Fresno Sacramento Long Beach Oakland Bakersfield Anaheim

Government of California

List of California state agencies • Association of Monterey Bay Area Governments • California Attorney General • California State Board of Education • CDF Aviation Management Program • CalPERS • California Air Resources Board • California Commission for Economic Development • California Department of Boating and Waterways • California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection • California Department of Insurance • California Insurance Commissioner election, 2006 • California Legislative Analyst's Office • California Military Department • California Public Utilities Commission • California Speaks • California State Lands Commission • California State Lottery • California executive branch • CaliforniaVolunteers • California State Capitol • List of California District Attorneys • Districts in California • State of California enterprise IT systems • Department of Fair Employment and Housing • California Geological Survey • Governor of California • 11-99 Foundation • California Institute for Regenerative Medicine • California Insurance Commissioner • Joint Powers Authority • Local Agency Formation Commission • Secretary of State of California • List of law enforcement agencies in California • California State Controller • California State Police • California Department of Transportation • California State Treasurer • Westlands Water District

Quality content

Extended content

This is a list of recognized content, updated weekly byJL-Bot (talk · contribs) (typically on Saturdays). There is no need to edit the list yourself. If an article is missing from the list, make sure it istagged (e.g.{{WikiProject California}}) orcategorized correctly and wait for the next update. SeeWP:RECOG for configuration options.

Featured lists

A-Class articles

1st Filipino Infantry Regiment

Featured portals

Featured pictures

edit

State facts

Nicknames: The Golden State
Capital:Sacramento
Total area: 163,696 mi²
- Land: 156,002 mi²
- Water: 7,694 mi²
Highest elevation: 14,505 ft (Mount Whitney)
Population 39,250,017 (2016 est)
Admission to the Union: September 9, 1850 (31^st)

State symbols:

edit

Related WikiProjects

Main Project

California

Sub-projects

Southern California •Los Angeles •San Francisco Bay Area •Santa Barbara County •California State Highways •California County Routes •University of California •California State University

edit

Subportals

Related portals

edit

Things you can do

Create Requested California Articles
Helpassess articles supported byWikiProject California
Help suggest content for usage in this portal by using the archive links to obtain instructions
Write California-related topics if you see a redlink which is worthy of an article
Cleanup and expandstub-class articles relating to California