Buddhism, also known asBuddha-dharma andDharmavinaya, is anIndian religion andphilosophy based onteachings attributed tothe Buddha, aśramaṇa and religious teacher who lived in the 6th or 5th centuryBCE. It is theworld's fourth-largest religion, with about 320 million followers, known asBuddhists, who comprise 4.1% of the global population. It arose in the easternGangetic plain as aśramaṇa movement in the 5th century BCE, and gradually spread throughout much ofAsia. Buddhism has subsequently played a major role in Asian culture and spirituality, eventually spreading tothe West in the 20th century.
Since the 1990s, secular mindfulness has gained popularity in the West. Individuals who have contributed to the popularity of secular mindfulness in the modernWestern context includeJon Kabat-Zinn and the "father of mindfulness"Thích Nhất Hạnh.
Clinical psychology andpsychiatry since the 1970s have developed a number of therapeutic applications based on mindfulness for helping people experiencing a variety of psychological conditions. (Full article...)
Takei was born toJapanese-American parents, with whom he lived inTule Lake Segregation Center duringWorld War II. He began pursuing acting in college, which led in 1965 to the role of Sulu, to which he returned periodically into the 1990s. Upon coming out as gay in 2005, he became a prominent proponent ofLGBT rights and active in state and local politics. He has been a vocal advocate of the rights of immigrants, in part through his work on the 2012Broadway showAllegiance, about the internment experience.
AnUposatha (Pali:uposatha;Sanskrit:Upavasatha) day is aBuddhist day of observance, in existence since the Buddha's time (600 BCE), and still being kept today by Buddhist practitioners. The Buddha taught that the Uposatha day is for "the cleansing of the defiled mind," resulting in inner calm and joy. On this day, both lay and ordained members of thesangha intensify their practice, deepen their knowledge and express communal commitment through millennia-old acts of lay-monastic reciprocity. On these days, the lay followers make a conscious effort to keep theFive Precepts or (as the tradition suggests) the ten precepts. It is a day for practicing the Buddha's teachings and meditation. (Full article...)
Jiddu Krishnamurti (/ˈdʒɪduːˌkrɪʃnəˈmʊərti/JID-ooKRISH-nə-MOOR-tee; 11 May 1895 – 17 February 1986) was an Indianspiritual figure, speaker, and writer. Adopted by members of theTheosophical Society as a child, Krishnamurti was raised to fill the mantle of the prophesiedWorld Teacher, a role tasked with aiding humankind's spiritual evolution. In 1922, he began to suffer from painful,seizure-likemystical episodes that would produce a lasting change in his perception of reality. In 1929, he broke from theTheosophy movement and disbanded theOrder of the Star in the East which had been formed around him. He spent the rest of his life speaking to groups and individuals around the world, hoping to contribute a radical transformation of mankind.
Krishnamurti asserted that "truth is a pathless land" and advised against following anydoctrine, discipline, teacher,guru, or authority, including himself. Nonetheless, during his life he tried to share his insights in 'the teachings', urging for a state without conceptual deliberations and thought. In Krishnamurti's perception, such arighteousness was only possible through the practice of passive orchoiceless awareness, which he called the essence of "true meditation" in contrast to contrived techniques. He gained a wider recognition in the 1950s, afterAldous Huxley had introduced him to his mainstream publisher and the publication ofThe First and Last Freedom (1954). Many of his talks have been published since, among themCommentaries on Living (1956–60) andKrishnamurti's Notebook (written 1961-62).
A few days before his death he stated that nobody had understood what his body went through, and after his death, this consciousness would be gone, and no other body would support it "for many hundred years." His supporters — working throughnon-profit foundations in India, Britain, and the United States — oversee several independent schools based on his educational philosophy and continue to distribute his extensive body of talks, dialogues, and writings in various media formats and languages. (Full article...)
Nani Bala Barua (25 March 1911 – 1 September 1989), better known asDipa Ma, was an Indian meditation teacher ofTheravadaBuddhism and was ofBarua descent. She was a prominent Buddhist master in Asia and also taught in the United States where she influenced the American branch of theVipassana movement. (Full article...)
TheEdicts of Ashoka state that during his eighth regnal year (c. 260 BCE), he conqueredKalinga after a brutal war. Ashoka subsequently devoted himself to the propagation of "dhamma" or righteous conduct, the major theme of the edicts. Ashoka's edicts suggest that a few years after theKalinga War, he was gradually drawn towards Buddhism. The Buddhist legends credit Ashoka with establishing a large number ofstupas, patronising theThird Buddhist council, supporting Buddhist missionaries, and making generous donations to thesangha.
He studied law until 1901, later a librarian at theParliamentary Library. From 1902 he taught law inSárospatak. From 1903, he was a university professor atKolozsvár and then from 1909 inBudapest. During his legal literary operation, he first wrote about international law. In his public work, he was a proponent of civil democracy, studying some English legal institutions. During World War I, he was a war correspondent in the Western Theater, then traveled to India and Ceylon. He came to Buddhist faith, and then he became a member of the Church as a monk. (Full article...)
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Zenkei Blanche Hartman (néeGelders; May 8, 1926 – May 13, 2016) was aSoto Zen teacher practicing in the lineage ofShunryu Suzuki. From 1996 to 2002 she served two terms as co-abbess of theSan Francisco Zen Center. She was the first woman to assume such a leadership position at the center. A member of theAmerican Zen Teachers Association, Blanche was especially known for her expertise in the ancient ritual of sewing akesa. Hartman became known for her attention to issues faced by women; she and her late husband Lou Hartman had four children, eight grandchildren, and a number of great-grandchildren. (Full article...)
Image 28The main hall of a Japanese Buddhist temple with flags depicting the sect emblem (mon) of theHonganji sect ofJōdo Shinshū. The emblem is the Nishi Rokujō Fuji (Western Rokujō Wisteria). (fromBuddhist flag)
Image 39TheRinpung Dzong follows a distinctive type of fortress architecture found in the former and present Buddhist kingdoms of the Himalayas, most notably Bhutan (fromBuddhist architecture)
Image 71Kannon(Avalokitesvara) or Guze Kannon, wood plated with gold, crown: bronze openwork gilt. Early CE 7th century, Horyu-ji, Nara (fromBuddhist art in Japan)
Image 76A depiction of the supposedFirst Buddhist council atRajgir. Communal recitation was one of the original ways of transmitting and preserving Early Buddhist texts. (fromBuddhism)
Image 77Buddhist monks collect alms inSi Phan Don, Laos. Giving is a key virtue in Buddhism. (fromBuddhism)
Image 78Bodhi tree temple depicted in Sanchi, Stupa 1, Southern gateway (fromBuddhist temple)
Image 82AtBharhut, the gateways were made by northern (probablyGandharan) masons usingKharosthi marks, while the railings were made by masons exclusively using marks in the localBrahmi script, now inIndian Museum. 150-100 BC. (fromGreco-Buddhist art)
Image 90Silver coin depicting theGreco-Bactrian kingDemetrius I (200–180 BC) wearing an elephant scalp, symbol of his conquest of India.Back:Herakles, holding a lion skin and a club resting over the arm. The text reads: ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ ΔΗΜΗΤΡΙΟΥ –BASILÉŌS DĒMĒTRÍOU "of King Demetrius". (fromGreco-Buddhist art)
Image 118Ancient kingdoms and cities of South Asia and Central Asia during the time of the Buddha (c. 500 BCE)—modern-day India, Nepal, Pakistan, Bangladesh and Afghanistan (fromBuddhism)
Image 121Living at the root of a tree (trukkhamulik'anga) is one of thedhutaṅgas, a series of optional ascetic practices for Buddhist monastics. (fromBuddhism)
Image 143The Shakyamuni Daibutsu Bronze (4.8 metres) is the oldest known sculpture of Buddha in Japan cast by Tori Busshi in 609. (fromBuddhist art in Japan)
Image 147Ananiconic depiction of the Buddha's spiritual liberation (moksha) or awakening (bodhi), atSanchi. The Buddha is not depicted, only symbolised by the Bodhi tree and the empty seat (fromBuddhism)
Image 148Ramabhar Stupa inKushinagar,Uttar Pradesh, India, is regionally believed to be Buddha's cremation site. (fromBuddhism)
Image 149Variant six stripe flag with the Dharma-wheel in front (fromBuddhist flag)
Image 155Vatadage Temple, inPolonnaruwa, is a uniquely Sri Lankan circular shrine enclosing a small dagoba. The vatadage has a three-tiered conical roof, spanning a height of 40–50 feet, without a center post, and supported by pillars of diminishing height (fromBuddhist architecture)
Image 178Taizokai (Womb World) mandala, second half of ninth century. Hanging scroll, color on silk. The center square represents the young stage ofVairocana Buddha. (fromBuddhist art in Japan)
Image 183Shakyamuni Triad by Tori Busshi depicts the Buddha Shakyamuni in the traditional sixth-century Chinese style with an elongated head and in front of a flaming mandorla – a lotus petal shaped cloud. (fromBuddhist art in Japan)
... that theMing dynasty fantasy novelJourney to the South – whose protagonist accidentally amputates his right leg and converts toBuddhism – alludes to popular one-legged spirits?
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![Image 50Tejaprabhā Buddha and the Five Planets [yue], 897 CE (from Buddhist art)](/mt/?noimg=&dark=on&url=http%3a%2f%2fen.m.wikipedia.org%2fwiki%2fFile%3aTejaprabh%25C4%2581_Buddha_and_the_Five_Planets_by_Chang_Huai-hsing.jpg)
![Image 69The Buddhist flag alongside Dharmachakra flags (Thai Buddhist flag) and Thai flags in Wat Hiranyawat [th], Thailand (from Buddhist flag)](/mt/?noimg=&dark=on&url=http%3a%2f%2fen.m.wikipedia.org%2fwiki%2fFile%3a(October_2021)_Wat_Hiranyawat_(Temple_of_the_Woven_Buddha)_%25E0%25B8%25A7%25E0%25B8%25B1%25E0%25B8%2594%25E0%25B8%25AB%25E0%25B8%25B4%25E0%25B8%25A3%25E0%25B8%25B1%25E0%25B8%258D%25E0%25B8%258D%25E0%25B8%25B2%25E0%25B8%25A7%25E0%25B8%25B2%25E0%25B8%25AA_(%25E0%25B8%25A7%25E0%25B8%25B1%25E0%25B8%2594%25E0%25B8%259E%25E0%25B8%25A3%25E0%25B8%25B0%25E0%25B8%25AA%25E0%25B8%25B2%25E0%25B8%2599_%25E0%25B9%2581%25E0%25B8%25A1%25E0%25B9%2588%25E0%25B8%25AA%25E0%25B8%25B2%25E0%25B8%25A2)_-_img_05.jpg)
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