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Portal:Belgium

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The Belgium Portal

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Location of Belgium within Europe

Belgium, officially theKingdom of Belgium, is a country inNorthwestern Europe. Situated in a coastal lowland region known as theLow Countries, it is bordered by theNetherlands to the north,Germany to the east,Luxembourg to the southeast,France to the south, and theNorth Sea to the west. Belgium covers an area of 30,689 km2 (11,849 sq mi) and has a population of more than 11.8 million; itspopulation density of 383/km2 (990/sq mi) ranks22nd in the world andsixth in Europe. The capital andlargest metropolitan region isBrussels; other major cities areAntwerp,Ghent,Charleroi,Liège,Bruges,Namur, andLeuven.

Belgium is aparliamentary constitutional monarchy with a complexfederal system structured on regional and linguistic grounds. The country is divided into three highly autonomousregions: theFlemish Region (Flanders) in the north, theWalloon Region (Wallonia) in the south, and theBrussels-Capital Region in the middle. Belgium is also home to two main linguistic communities: the Dutch-speakingFlemish Community, which constitutes about 60 percent of the population, and the French-speakingFrench Community, which constitutes about 40 percent of the population; a smallGerman-speaking Community, comprising around one percent of the population, exists in theEast Cantons. Belgium's linguistic diversity and related political conflicts are reflected in its complex system of governance, made up ofsix different governments. Belgium is adeveloped country with an advancedhigh-income economy. It is one of thesix founding members of theEuropean Union, with its capital of Brussels serving as thede facto capital of the EU, hosting the official seats of theEuropean Commission, theCouncil of the European Union, theEuropean Council, and one of two seats of theEuropean Parliament (the other beingStrasbourg). Brussels also hosts the headquarters of many major international organizations, such asNATO.

Inantiquity, present-day Belgium was dominated by theBelgae before being annexed into theRoman Empire in the mid first century BC. During theMiddle Ages, Belgium's central location kept it relatively prosperous and connected both commercially and politically to its larger neighbours; it was part of theCarolingian Empire, the succeedingHoly Roman Empire, and subsequently theBurgundian Netherlands. Following rule byHabsburg Spain (1556–1714), theAustrian Habsburgs (1714–1794), andRevolutionary France (1794–1815), most of modern-day Belgium was incorporated into theUnited Kingdom of the Netherlands after theCongress of Vienna in 1815. Centuries of being contested and controlled by various European powers earned Belgium the moniker "the Battlefield of Europe", a reputation reinforced in the 20th century by bothworld wars. (Full article...)

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Tintin in the Land of the Soviets (French:Tintin au pays des Soviets) is the first volume ofThe Adventures of Tintin, the comics series by Belgian cartoonistHergé. Commissioned by the conservative Belgian newspaperLe Vingtième Siècle asanti-communistsatire for its children's supplementLe Petit Vingtième, it wasserialised weekly from January 1929 to May 1930 before being published in a collected volume by Éditions du Petit Vingtième in 1930. The story tells of young Belgian reporterTintin and his dogSnowy, who are sent to theSoviet Union to report onStalin's government. Knowing of his intentions, however, the secret police of theOGPU are sent to hunt him down.

Bolstered by publicity stunts,Land of the Soviets was a commercial success in Belgium, and also witnessed serialisation in France and Switzerland. Hergé continuedThe Adventures of Tintin withTintin in the Congo, and the series became a defining part of theFranco-Belgian comics tradition. Damage to the original plates prevented republication of the book for several decades, while Hergé later expressed embarrassment at the crudeness of the work. As he began to redraw his earlierAdventures in second, colour versions from 1942 onward, he decided against doing so forLand of the Soviets; it was the only completedTintin story that Hergé did not reproduce in colour. Growing demand among fans of the series resulted in the production of unauthorised copies of the book in the 1960s, with the first officially sanctioned republication appearing in 1969, after which it was translated into several other languages, including English. Critical reception of the work has been largely negative, and several commentators onThe Adventures of Tintin have describedLand of the Soviets as one of Hergé's weakest works. (Full article...)

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