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Anarchism is apolitical philosophy andmovement that seeks to abolish all institutions that perpetuateauthority,coercion, orhierarchy, primarily targeting thestate andcapitalism. Anarchism advocates for the replacement of the state withstateless societies and voluntaryfree associations. A historicallyleft-wing movement, anarchism is usually described as thelibertarian wing of thesocialist movement (libertarian socialism).

Although traces of anarchist ideas are found all throughouthistory, modern anarchism emerged from theEnlightenment. During the latter half of the 19th and the first decades of the 20th century, the anarchist movement flourished in most parts of the world and had a significant role inworkers' struggles foremancipation.Various anarchist schools of thought formed during this period. Anarchists have taken part inseveral revolutions, most notably in theParis Commune, theRussian Civil War and theSpanish Civil War, whose conclusion marked the end of theclassical era of anarchism. In the last decades of the 20th and into the 21st century, the anarchist movement has been resurgent once more, growing in popularity and influence withinanti-capitalist,anti-war andanti-globalisation movements. (Full article...)

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The Bolshevik Myth (Diary 1920–1922) is a book byAlexander Berkman describing his experiences inBolshevist Russia from 1920 to 1922, where he saw the aftermath of theRussian Revolution of 1917. Written in the form of a diary,The Bolshevik Myth charts Berkman's recollections after having been deported from the United States along withEmma Goldman and over two hundred socialists, anarchists and other leftists.

The book describes how Berkman's initial enthusiasm for the revolution faded as he became disillusioned with theBolsheviks and their suppression of allpolitical dissent. Berkman recounts the economic scarcity in the cities ofPetrograd andMoscow, his meeting withLenin and his intercessions with the Bolshevik leadership on behalf of anarchist political prisoners. Berkman and Goldman learn of the anarchistRevolutionary Insurrectionary Army of Ukraine fighting the Bolsheviks in theFree Territory, and of theKronstadt rebellion against the regime in Russia. In a climate of increasing repression of anarchists, they leave the Soviet Union for the last time in 1921.The Bolshevik Myth was published to positive reviews in 1925, following Goldman'sMy Disillusionment in Russia (1923) andMy Further Disillusionment in Russia (1924). (read more...)

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Oscar Wilde, famed Irish playwright, poet, and anarchist. c. 1882

Credit:Napoleon Sarony

Oscar Wilde, novelist, poet and playwright, was so enchanted by the work ofPeter Kropotkin that he converted to anarchism and wrote the essayThe Soul of Man under Socialism.

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Did you know?

...that theanarchy symbol(pictured) can be seen as an embodiment ofPierre-Joseph Proudhon's well-known maxim, "anarchy is order"?
...that theanarcho-syndicalistArgentine Workers' Federation was thecountry's first national labor confederation?
...that German-bornanarcho-syndicalist Rudolf Rocker's bookPioneers of American Freedom traces the origins ofAmerican anarchism back toThomas Paine,Thomas Jefferson, andAbraham Lincoln?
...that scholarly journalAnarchist Studies was attacked byStewart Home as a "sad andreactionary 'academic' journal" incapable of engaging in critical debate?
...that theCuban labor movement was predominantlyanarchist until it was crushed first by President Machado, and then Fidel Castro?

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“

Soanarchists keep asking themselves the same question: What is anarchism? What does it mean to be an anarchist? Why? Because it is not a definition that can be made once and for all, put in a safe and considered a heritage to be tapped little by little. Being an anarchist does not mean one has reached a certainty or said once and for all, ‘There, from now on I hold thetruth and as such, at least from the point of view of the idea, I am a privileged person’. Anyone who thinks like this is an anarchist in word alone. Instead the anarchist is someone who really puts themselves in doubt as such, as a person, and asks themselves: What is my life according to what I do and in relation to what I think? What connection do I manage to make each day in everything I do, a way of being an anarchist continually and not come to agreements, make little daily compromises, etc? Anarchism is not a concept that can be locked up in a word like agravestone. It is not a political theory. It is a way of conceiving life, and life, young or old as we may be, whether we are old people or children, is not something final: it is a stake we must play day after day. When we wake up in the morning and put our feet on the ground we must have a good reason for getting up, if we don’t it makes no difference whether we are anarchists or not. We might as well stay inbed andsleep. And to have a good reason we must know what we want to do because for anarchism, for the anarchist, there is no difference between what we do and what we think, but there is a continual reversal of theory into action and action into theory. That is what makes the anarchist unlike someone who has another concept of life and crystallises this concept in a political practice, inpolitical theory.

This is what is not normally said to you, this is what you never read in thenewspapers, this is what is not written inbooks, this is whatschool jealously keeps quiet about, because this is the secret of life: never ever separate thought from action, the things we know, the things we understand, from the things we do, the things with which we carry out our actions.

”

—Alfredo M. Bonanno,The Anarchist Tension, 1998.

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Anniversaries for February 12

1894 -Émile Henry throws a bomb into theCafé Terminus (pictured), killing one person and wounding twenty more.
1905 -Federica Montseny was born inMadrid,Spain.

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