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Orange River Colony

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Coordinates:29°S26°E / 29°S 26°E /-29; 26

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

British colony from 1902 to 1910

This article is about the former British colony. For other uses, seeTransvaal (disambiguation).

Orange River Colony

Oranjerivierkolonie

1902–1910

Flag (1904–1910)

Badge

Status

British colony

Capital

Bloemfontein

Common languages

English(official),Afrikaans,Dutch,Sesotho

Ethnic groups

(1904)

58.11%Black
36.83%White
4.97%Coloured
0.06%Asian

Religion

Government

Constitutional monarchy

Monarch

• 1902–1910

Edward VII

• 1910

George V

Governor

• 1902–1905

Viscount Milner

• 1905–1907

Earl of Selborne

• 1907–1910

SirHamilton John Goold-Adams

Prime Minister

• 1907–1910

Abraham Fischer

History

• Established

31 May 1902

• British occupation

28 May 1900

• British annexation

6 October 1900

• Treaty of Vereeniging

31 May 1902

• Self-government

27 November 1907

• incorporation in theUnion of South Africa

31 May 1910

• Disestablished

31 May 1910

Population

• 1904^[1]

387,315

Currency

Pound sterling

Preceded by

Succeeded by

Orange Free State

Union of South Africa

Today part of

South Africa

TheOrange River Colony was theBritish colony created after Britain first occupied (1900) and then annexed (1902) the independentOrange Free State in theSecond Boer War. The colony ceased to exist in 1910, when it was absorbed into theUnion of South Africa as theOrange Free State Province.^[2]

Constitutional history

[edit]

During theSecond Boer War, British forces invaded the Orange Free State, occupying the capital,Bloemfontein by 13 March 1900. Five months later, on 6 October 1900, the British government declared an official annexation of the full territory of the Orange Free State, this in-spite of the fact they had not yet occupied the full territory, nor defeated the Free State forces.

The Free State government moved toKroonstad during the early months of the war and its armies remained active in the field until the war's end. From the perspective of the Orange Free State, independence wasn't lost until they ratified theTreaty of Vereeniging on 31 May 1902.

On the Boer side, the government was led by state presidentMartinus Theunis Steyn (1857–1916) until 30 May 1902, when he went on sick-leave and was replaced by GeneralChristiaan de Wet as acting state president. On the British side, SirAlfred Milner was appointed Administrator of the Orange River Colony on 4 January 1901, withHamilton John Goold-Adams as lieutenant-governor.

Following the end of hostilities, Lord Milner visited Bloemfontein on 23 June 1902 and promulgated the new constitution, in the presence of military officials, heads of civil department and representatives of the late Boer government, including General De Wet.^[3] Milner was sworn in as Governor and Commander-in-Chief of Orange River Colony on the same day.

From 1902 to 1910, the colony was governed by a single governor:

Alfred Milner, Viscount Milner, in office 23 June 1902 – 1 April 1905;
William Palmer, 2nd Earl of Selborne, in office 2 April 1905 – 7 June 1907;
SirHamilton John Goold-Adams, in office 7 June 1907 – 31 May 1910

1903 British issued Orange River Colony permit following the Second Boer War.

Self-government

[edit]

Map of a small part (across the Vaal River from Vereeniging) of the Orange River Colony, 1902

By 1904 sentiment was growing for some form of self-government. TheOrangia Unie (Orange Union Party) was formally constituted in May 1906, after several months of preparation. A similar organisation, calledHet Volk, had been formed by the Transvaal Boers in January 1905. Both unions had constitutions almost identical with that of theAfrikaner Bond,^[2] a former pan-Afrikaner political movement, and their aims were also similar – to secure the position of the Afrikaners in state and society. The chairman of theOrangia Unie wasAbraham Fischer, leading politician of the pre-Boer War period and top diplomat of the Boer republics during theSecond Boer War. Among the other prominent members wereJ. B. M. Hertzog,Christiaan de Wet andMartinus Theunis Steyn.

A second political party, theConstitutional Party was formed by a group ofburghers content with British rule. Chairman of the party was SirJohn G. Fraser, before the Second Boer War a prominent (pro-British) member of theVolksraad of the Orange Free State. The Constitutional Party had a strong following in Bloemfontein, but not outside the capital. The political programmes of the two parties were very similar, the real difference between them being the attitude towards British annexation and Afrikaner influence.^[2]

In 1905 Lord Selborne, formerlyFirst Lord of the Admiralty, replaced Viscount Milner as high commissioner for South Africa and governor of theTransvaal and Orange River colonies. Selborne had come to South Africa with a brief to guide the former Boer republics from Crown colony government towards self-government. WhenLiberal Party came into office in Britain in December 1905 the process was speeded up, with the decision to give both the Transvaal and Orange River colonies self-government without delay. Selborne accepted the changed situation, and the experiment proved successful. He ceased to be governor of the Orange River Colony on its assumption of self-government in June 1907, but retained his other posts until May 1910, retiring on the eve of the establishment of theUnion of South Africa.

On 7 January 1907 Selborne released a despatch, known as theSelborne Memorandum. It reviewed the situation in South Africa in all its economic and political aspects and was a masterly and comprehensive statement of the dangers inherent in the existing political system and of the advantages a political union offered. The document had a marked influence on the course of events and together with Selborne's conciliatory approach assisted in reconciling the Dutch and British communities of South Africa.

After the elections of 1907, the colony received self-government on 27 November 1907.Abraham Fischer became the first (and only) prime minister of the colony (in office 27 November 1907 – 31 May 1910). The first Legislative Assembly consisted of twenty-nine members of theOrangia Unie, five Constitutionalists and four independents. Fischer's cabinet consisted of:

J.B.M. Hertzog, attorney-general and director of education;
A. E. W. Ramsbottom, treasurer;
Christiaan de Wet, minister of agriculture;
Cornelius Hermanus Wessels, minister of public works

Fischer, besides the premiership, held the portfolio of colonial secretary. The first Legislative Council counted five members from theOrangia Unie, five Constitutionalists, and one independent member, in effect holding the balance.

Policies

[edit]

In May 1908, the Orange River Colony took part in an inter-state conference which met atPretoria andCape Town, and determined to renew the existing customs convention and to make no alteration in railway rates. These decisions were the result of an agreement to bring before the parliaments of the various colonies a resolution advocating the closer union of the South African states and the appointment of delegates to a national convention to frame a draft constitution.^[2]

At the eventualNational Convention, former State President M. T. Steyn took a leading and conciliatory part, and subsequently the Orange River legislature agreed to the terms drawn up by the convention for the unification of the four self-governing colonies in theUnion of South Africa.^[2] Under the imperial act by which unification was established (31 May 1910) the colony entered the Union under the style of the Orange Free State Province. Fischer and Hertzog became members of the first Union government, while A. E. W. Ramsbottom became the first administrator of the Orange Free State as a province of the Union.^[2]

Demographics

[edit]

Population at the 1904 census

[edit]

Population figures for the 1904 census^[4]

Population group	Number	Percent (%)
Black	225,101	58.11
White	142,679	36.83
Coloured	19,282	4.97
Asian	253	0.06
Total	387,315	100.00

Religion in 1904

[edit]


Religions.	Persons.	Male.	Female.	Percentage.
Protestants	251,904	135,933	115,971	65.04%
Catholics	4,590	3,319	1,271	1.19%
Jews	1,616	1176	440	0.42%
Mohammedans	39	26	13	0.01%
Other sects	93	75	18	0.02%
No denomination	47	43	4	0.01%
No religion	127,637	68,536	59,101	32.95%
Unspecified	853	623	230	0.22%
Object to state	536	364	172	0.14%
Totals	387,315	210,095	177,220	100.0%

The 'no religion' heading also accounts for traditional African faiths which were not counted separately and constitute the largest portion of people professing no religion.

Religion in 1904 by race

[edit]


Religion	European or White.			Aboriginal Natives.			Mixed and Other.			All Races.
Religion	Persons.	Males.	Females.	Persons.	Males.	Females.	Persons.	Males.	Females.	Persons.	Males.	Females.
Total Population	142,679	81,571	61,108	229,149	120,064	109,085	15,487	8,460	7,027	387,315	210,095	177,220
I. - Protestants -
Dutch Reformed Church	101,079	52,759	48,320	21,272	10,596	10,676	2,572	1,348	1,224	124,923	64,703	60,220
Gereformeerde Kerk	5,285	2,759	2,526	195	111	84	27	18	9	5,507	2,888	2,619
Church of England	17,879	13,884	4,495	14,782	8,020	6,762	1,887	1,011	876	34,548	22,415	12,133
Presbyterian	3,942	2,884	1,058	1,260	704	556	89	49	40	5,291	3,637	1,654
Independents and Congregationalists -
Independents andCongregationalists	195	136	59	1,383	962	421	214	164	50	1,792	1,262	530
London Missionary Society				8	8		3	3		11	11
Other Independents and Congregationalists
Methodists-
Wesleyan Methodists	5,121	3,016	2,105	51,576	25,650	25,926	4,163	2,141	2,022	60,860	30,807	30,053
Primitive Methodists	5	5		20	7	13	28	13	16	58	25	33
African Methodist Episcopal (Ethiopian)	2	2		3,747	1,856	1,891	361	181	180	4,110	2,039	2,071
Methodists	124	88	36	526	276	250	70	39	31	720	403	317
Other Methodists	1	1								1	1
Other Protestants -
Baptists	664	423	241	473	243	230	38	21	17	1,175	687	488
Berlin Mission
Calvinists	4	3	1							4	3	1
Disciples of Christ,Church of Christ	6	4	2	18	10	8				24	14	10
German Evangelical	6	5	1							6	5	1
Lutheran	700	479	221	5,030	2,517	2,513	1,103	501	502	6,733	3,497	3,236
Moravians orUnited Brethren				201	117	84	29	17	12	230	134	96
Paris Missionary Society	11	4	7	3,197	1,708	1,489	275	155	120	3,483	1,867	1,615
Plymouth Brethren	18	12	6							18	12	6
Rhenish Mission	3	3		8	5	3	15	9	6	26	17	9
Salvation Army	140	80	60	18	14	4	12	7	5	170	101	69
Society of Friends, Quakers	5	5								5	5
Unitarians	27	26	1	1	1					28	27	1
Other Protestants (defined)	120	71	49	87	54	33	14	5	9	221	130	91
Other Protestants (undefined)	1,248	829	419	544	302	242	91	51	40	1,883	1,182	701
Christians	21	17	4	43	34	9	18	10	8	82	61	21
II. - Catholics -
Roman Catholics	3,286	2,521	765	1,093	640	453	115	71	44	4,494	3,232	1,262
Other Catholics	94	85	9				2	2		96	87	9
III. -Jews -	1,616	1,176	440							1,616	1,176	440
IV. -Mohammedans -	5	5		1	1		33	20	13	39	26	13
V. - Other Sects -	10	6	4	1	1		82	68	14	93	75	18
VI. - No Denomination -	41	38	3	4	4		2	1	1	47	43	4
VII. - No Religion -	121	97	24	123,258	65,947	57,311	4,258	2,492	1,766	127,637	68,536	59,101
VIII. - Unknown and Unspecified -	584	411	173	208	164	44	61	48	13	853	623	230
IX. - Object to State -	316	237	79	195	112	83	25	15	10	536	264	172

References

[edit]

^"Census of the British empire. 1901". Openlibrary.org. 1906. p. 169. Retrieved26 December 2013.
^^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^fHillier, Alfred Peter; Cana, Frank Richardson (1911)."Orange Free State" . InChisholm, Hugh (ed.).Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 20 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 151–160.
^"Latest intelligence Orange River Colony".The Times. No. 36804. London. 26 June 1902. p. 3.
^Smuts I: The Sanguine Years 1870–1919, W.K. Hancock, Cambridge University Press, 1962, pg 219

WorldStatesmen- SouthAfrica

Other South African governments

Kingdoms	Colonies	Boer Republics	Bantustans	National
Kingdom of Mapungubwe (c. 1075–c. 1220) Venda Kingdom (c. 1780–1898) Mthethwa Paramountcy (c. 1780–1817) Ndwandwe Kingdom (c. 1780–1819) Zulu Kingdom (1816–97)	Dutch Cape Colony (1652–1806) Cape Colony (1795–1910) Natal Colony (1843–1910) Orange River Colony (1902–10) Transvaal Colony (1902–10)	Natalia Republic (1839–43) Orange Free State (1854–1902) Griqualand East (1861–79) Griqualand West (1870–73) Goshen (1882–83) Stellaland (1882–85) Nieuwe Republiek (1884–88) Upingtonia (1885–87) Klein Vrystaat (1886–91)	Gazankulu (1971–94) Lebowa (1972–94) QwaQwa (1974–94) Transkei (1976–94) Bophuthatswana (1977–94) Venda (1979–94) Ciskei (1981–94) KaNgwane (1981–94) KwaNdebele (1981–94) KwaZulu (1981–94)	Cape Qualified Franchise (1853–1910) South African Republic (1856–1902) Union of South Africa (1910–61) Republic of South Africa (1961–present)

Current government

FormerBritish Empire and currentBritish Overseas Territories

Legend: Former territory; Current territory; *CurrentCommonwealth realm; ^†Current member of theCommonwealth of Nations

Europe

Corsica 1794–1796
Gibraltar since 1713
Heligoland 1807–1890
Ionian Islands 1809–1864
^†pre 1800 acts of Union Ireland
- Lordship of Ireland 1177–1542
- Kingdom of Ireland (1542–1800 de facto client state; 1719-1800 de jure dependency)(Fully annexed into the UK)
Irish Free State 1921–1931
^†Malta
- Protectorate 1800–1813
- Colony 1813–1964
Minorca 1708–1757, 1763–1782 and 1798–1802

Africa

Basutoland (^†Lesotho) 1868–1966
Bechuanaland (^†Botswana) 1884–1966
Cameroons¹³ 1919–1961
Cape Colony 1795–1803
Cape of Good Hope 1806–1910
Central Africa 1891–1907
East Africa 1895–1920
Egypt 1882–1922
^†The Gambia 1816–1965
Gold Coast (^†Ghana) 1874–1957
^†Kenya 1920–1963
Lagos 1862–1906
Madeira 1807–1808
^†Mauritius 1810–1968
Natal 1856–1910
Niger Coast 1884–1900
^†Nigeria 1914–1960
Northern Nigeria 1900–1914
Northern Rhodesia¹⁵ 1924–1964
Nyasaland 1891–1964
Orange River 1900–1910
^†Seychelles 1903–1976
^†Sierra Leone 1792–1961
Somaliland 1884–1960
^†South Africa 1910–1931
South-West Africa¹² 1915–1931
Southern Rhodesia¹⁴ 1923–1965 and 1979–1980
Southern Nigeria 1900–1914
^†Swaziland 1893–1968
Sudan 1899–1956
Tanganyika¹³ 1922–1961
Transvaal 1900–1910
^†Uganda 1890–1962
Zanzibar 1890–1963
Zululand 1887–1897

¹²Now^†Namibia
¹³League of Nations mandate. British Cameroons is now part of^†Cameroon andNigeria, while Tanganyika is part of^†Tanzania.
¹⁴Self-governing Southern Rhodesiaunilaterally declared independence in 1965 (asRhodesia) and continued as anunrecognised state until the 1979Lancaster House Agreement. After recognised independence in 1980, Zimbabwe was a member of the Commonwealth until it withdrew in 2003.
¹⁵Now^†Zambia

Asia

Aden Colony 1839–1967
Afghanistan 1839–1842
- Protectorate 1879–1919
Akrotiri and Dhekelia since 1960 (before as part ofCyprus)
Bencoolen 1685–1824
Banka andBilliton 1812–1824
Bengal 1757–1947
Bhutan (protectorate) 1907–1949
Borneo 1874–1963
British Indian Ocean Territory since 1965 (before as part ofMauritius andSeychelles)²⁶
Burma 1824–1948
^†Brunei 1888–1984
^†Ceylon 1795–1948
^†Cyprus 1878–1960
Hong Kong 1841–1997
^†India¹⁸ 1858–1947
Java 1811–1816
Kuwait 1918–1961
Labuan 1848–1946
Malaya 1819–1826
- Federated States 1895–1946
- Unfederated States 1885–1946
- Union 1946–1948
- Federation 1948–1957
Malacca 1824–1946
- Crown Colony 1946–1957
^†Maldives 1796–1965
Manila and Cavite 1762–1764
Mesopotamia¹⁹ 1920–1932
Muscat and Oman 1891–1971
North Borneo 1882–1963
- Crown Colony 1946–1963
Padang 1781–1784 and 1795–1819
Palestine¹⁹ 1923–1948
Penang 1786–1946
- Crown Colony 1946–1957
Pulo Condore 1702–1705
Sarawak 1841–1946
- Crown Colony 1946–1963
^†Singapore 1946–1963
South Vietnam 1945–1946
Straits Settlements 1826–1946
Transjordan 1921–1946
Trucial States 1892–1971
Weihai 1898–1930

¹⁸Now^†India,^†Pakistan and^†Bangladesh
¹⁹League of Nations mandate. Iraq's mandate was not enacted and replaced by theAnglo-Iraqi Treaty
²⁶Legitimacy of territorial establishmentdisputed

North America

Anguilla since 1650
*Antigua 1632–1860
*Antigua and Barbuda 1860–1981
^†*Bahamas 1670–1973
^†Barbados 1624–1966
Bay Islands 1643–1860
^†*Belize 1871–1981
Bermuda since 1619
British Arctic Territories 16th c.–1880
British Columbia 1858–1866
- 1866–1871
Cape Breton Island 1754–1820
^†Dominica 1763–1978
East Florida 1763–1783
^†*Grenada 1762–1974
^†*Canada
- Lower 1791–1841
- Upper 1791–1841
- Province 1841–1867
- Dominion 1867–1931
Carolina 1663–1712
Cayman Islands since 1670
Columbia District/Oregon Country 1818–1846
Connecticut 1636–1776
Delaware 1701–1776
East Jersey 1674–1702
Georgia 1733–1776
^†*Jamaica 1655–1962
Leeward Islands 1671–1816, 1833–1960
Massachusetts Bay 1629–1691
- Province, 1691–1776
Maryland 1632–1776
Montserrat since 1632
Mosquito Coast 1655–1860
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New Albion 1579
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New Haven 1637–1662
New Jersey 1665–1674 and 1702–1776
New York 1664–1776
Newfoundland 1907–1949
Newfoundland and Labrador 1583–1907
North Carolina 1712–1776
North-Western Territory 1859–1870
Nova Scotia 1713–1867
Paulet affair 1843
Prince Edward Island 1763–1873
Pennsylvania 1681–1776
Plymouth 1620–1691
Quebec 1763–1791*Queen Charlotte Islands 1853–1863
Rhode Island 1636–1776
Rupert's Land 1670–1870
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^†*Saint Kitts and Nevis 1882–1983
^†*Saint Lucia 1605–1979
^†*Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 1627–1979
Saybrook 1635–1644
South Carolina 1712–1776
Stickeen 1862–1863
^†Trinidad and Tobago 1889–1962
Turks and Caicos Islands since 1799
Vancouver Island 1849–1866
Virgin Islands since 1666
Virginia 1607–1776
West Florida 1763–1783
West Indies Federation 1958–1962
- Associated States 1967–1983
West Jersey 1674–1702
Windward Islands 1833–1960

South America
Providence Island 1631–1641 Willoughbyland 1651–1667 Saint Andrew and Providence Islands⁴ 1670–1688 ^†Guiana 1831–1966
⁴Now adepartment ofColombia

Oceania

New South Wales 1788–1901
Van Diemen's Land/Tasmania 1803–1901
Auckland Islands²⁰ 1807–1863
New Hebrides²¹ 1824–1980
Queensland 1824–1901
Swan River/Western Australia 1829–1901
South Australia 1836–1901
Pitcairn Islands since 1838
New Zealand 1841–1907
North Australia 1846–1847
Victoria 1851–1901
^†Fiji 1874–1970
Western Pacific Territories 1877–1976
British New Guinea 1884–1902
Rarotonga/Cook Islands²⁰ 1888–1901
Union Islands²⁰ 1889–1948
Gilbert and Ellice Islands²² 1892–1979
^†*Solomon Islands 1893–1978
^†Tonga 1900–1970
Niue²⁰ 1900–1974
^†*Australia 1901–1942
^†*New Zealand 1907–1947
^†Samoa 1914–1962
^†Nauru 1919–1942 and 1945–1968

²⁰Now part of the^†Realm of New Zealand
²¹Now^†Vanuatu
²²Now^†Kiribati and^†*Tuvalu

Antarctica and the South Atlantic

Saint Helena²³ since 1658
Ascension Island²³ since 1815
Tristan da Cunha²³ since 1816
Falkland Islands⁵ since 1833
^†Australian Antarctic Territory(transferred to theCommonwealth of Australia) 1841–1933
^†Ross Dependency(transferred to theRealm of New Zealand) 1841–1947
British Antarctic Territory²⁴ since 1908
South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands²⁵ since 1908

⁵Occupied by Argentina during theFalklands War of April–June 1982.
²³Since 2009 part ofSaint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha; Ascension Island (1922–) and Tristan da Cunha (1938–) were previously dependencies of Saint Helena.
²⁴Claimed in 1908; territory formed 1962; overlaps portions of Argentine and Chilean claims, borders not enforced but claim not renounced under theAntarctic Treaty.
²⁵Claimed in 1908; territory formed 1985

Political history ofSouth Africa

Defunctpolities

Kingdom of Mapungubwe (c. 1075–c. 1220)
Dutch Cape Colony (1652–1806)
Mthethwa Paramountcy (c. 1780–1817)
Ndwandwe Kingdom (c. 1780–1819)
Cape Colony (1795–1910)
Zulu Kingdom (1816–1897)
Natalia Republic (1839–1843)
Natal Colony (1843–1910)
Orange Free State (1854–1902)
South African Republic (1856–1902)
Griqualand East (1861–1879)
Griqualand West (1870–1873)
Goshen (1882–1883)
Stellaland (1882–1885)
Nieuwe Republiek (1884–1888)
Upingtonia (1885–1887)
Klein Vrystaat (1886–1891)
Orange River Colony (1902–1910)
Transvaal Colony (1902–1910)
Union of South Africa (1910–1961)
Transkei (1976–1994)
Bophuthatswana (1977–1994)
Venda (1979–1994)
Ciskei (1981–1994)

Events

Pre-colonial	Bantu migrations Battle of Salt River
1652–1815	Dutch settlement French Huguenot settlement Khoikhoi–Dutch Wars Xhosa Wars Battle of Muizenberg Battle of Blaauwberg Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1814
1815–1910	Mfecane 1820 Settlers Great Trek Piet Retief Delegation massacre Weenen massacre Battle of Blood River Boer Republics Transvaal Civil War Mineral Revolution Witwatersrand Gold Rush South African Wars South Africa Act 1909 (National Convention)
1910–1948	South West Africa campaign Maritz rebellion Rand Rebellion Great Depression 1946 African Mine Workers' Union strike Bantustans
Apartheid	1948 general election Apartheid legislation Pass laws Internal resistance Coloured-vote constitutional crisis Defiance Campaign Congress of the People Freedom Charter Women's March 1956 1957 Alexandra bus boycott Sharpeville massacre 1960 republic referendum International isolation UN Resolution 1761 UNSC Resolution 591 Academic boycott Disinvestment Constructive engagement Tar Baby Option Sporting boycott Olympics Rugby union Rivonia Trial Durban Moment Border War Israeli alliance Israel–South Africa Agreement Mafeje affair Soweto Uprising Weapons of mass destruction Project Coast Church Street bombing 1983 constitutional referendum Vaal uprising Langa massacre Rubicon speech Operation Vula Dakar Conference Transkei coup d'état Ciskei coup d'état Venda coup d'état Third Force CODESA Storming of the Kempton Park World Trade Centre Bisho massacre 1992 apartheid referendum Saint James Church massacre Heidelberg Tavern massacre Bophuthatswana crisis Shell House massacre Sauer Commission
Post- apartheid	1994 general election Government of National Unity Reconstruction and Development Programme Truth and Reconciliation Commission Arms Deal Floor crossing Soweto bombings African Renaissance Travelgate Xenophobia Attack on Kennedy Road Blikkiesdorp Marikana massacre 2012 Western Cape farm workers' strike Nkandlagate Racism 2014 platinum strike #RhodesMustFall protests #FeesMustFall student protests Tshwane riots 2019 service delivery protests 2019 Johannesburg riots COVID-19 pandemic 2020 Phala Phala Robbery 2021 unrest Lady R incident

Political culture

Defunct
organisations

Civic and political organisations	Afrikaner Bond Afrikaner Broederbond Afrikaner Party AITUP APO AVF BPC Black Sash Boerestaat Party CDA CNIP CTEG COD Congress Alliance COSG CP DLF Dominion Party DP (1973–1977) DP (1989–2000) DPP DSM ECC FA FD Genootskap van Regte Afrikaners GNP Het Volk HNP (Herenigde) HNP (Herstigte) IDASA ID IP ISL Jeugkrag Johannesburg Reform Committee Labour Party (1910–1958) Labour Party (1969–1994) Liberal Party (1953–1968) NA NCP Natal Indian Congress NLP NNP NP NPP NRP NUSAS Occupy Orangia Unie Oranjewerkers Orde Boerevolk PAVN PFP Progressive Party (Cape Colony) Progressive Party PRP Radio Freedom Reform Party SABP SADECO SAIC SASO SAYCO SAYRCO South African Party (Cape Colony) South African Party (1911–1934) South African Party (1977–1980) TNIP Torch Commando UFP United Party Unionist Party National Party of Venda Volksparty Workers Party WOSA
Trade unions and social movements	APF BCM BLATU CNETU CTSWU FCWU FNETU FOSATU ICU IWW MUSA NEUM NURHS PAWE SAAPAWU SACTU SAIF SARHU SATUC Die Spoorbund UDF Umkosi Wezintaba
Paramilitary and terrorist organisations	APLA ARM AWB BBB Boeremag Greyshirts MK Ossewabrandwag Orde van die Dood PAGAD SANF