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Ninth five-year plan (Soviet Union)

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Soviet economic plan

Theninth five-year plan of theUnion of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) was a set of economic goals designed to strengthen the country's economy between 1971 and 1975. There was a marked slowdown in nearly all sectors of the Soviet economy by the time it ended.[1] The plan was presented by theChairman of theCouncil of MinistersAlexei Kosygin at the24th Congress of theCommunist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) in 1971.

The 24th Congress and development

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Further information:24th Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union

The ninth five-year plan was presented to the24th Congress of theCommunist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) in 1971 byAlexei Kosygin, theChairman of theCouncil of Ministers. The plan's main focus was to increase the growth ofindustrial produced consumer goods. It was the firstfive-year plan to call for a higher increase for industrial consumer goods than incapital goods.[2] Brezhnev told the Congress that increasing thestandard of living was more important than economic development.[3] The plan proposed an increase ingross national income (GNP) by 37 to 40 percent.[4]

Fulfillment

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The goals set by the 24th Party Congress were not fulfilled, and for the first time, theSoviet economy was facingstagnating growth.[5] While the planned target in consumer goods was higher than in previous plans, the actual growth was far from that planned. HistorianRobert Service notes in his bookHistory of Modern Russia: From Tsarism to the Twenty-First Century that theeconomic ministries, in collaboration with the Soviet party-police-military-industrial complex, purposely prevented the targets from being fulfilled.[6] During the plan, investment in the truck industry increased, but the inefficiencies and relative backwardness of blueprints and technology innovation, as noted by Kosygin, were not solved.[7] During the period covered by the plan,Soviet agriculture was hit by chronic drought and bad weather, which led grain production to be 70 million tons short of the planned target.[8] The plan called for the capacity of theCoal Handling and Preparation Plants (CHPP) to increase from 47,000Megawatt (MW) to 65,000 by 1975; CHPP capacity only reached 59,800 MW.[9] By the end of the ninth five-year plan, there was a marked slowdown in nearly all sectors of the Soviet economy.[10]

Not everything was a failure, as investment in computer technology increased by 420 percent over theprevious plan.[11] It was estimated by theSoviet government that 200,000 workers were involved in improving and introducing modern computer technology in the country. These computer technicians were developing the Automated System for Management (ASU) in an attempt to improve factory and labour productivity.[12] Averagereal income increased by 4.5 percent per annum.[13]

See also

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References

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Notes
  1. ^Nuti, Leopoldi (2009).The Crisis of Détente in Europe: From Helsinki to Gorbachev, 1975–1985. London; New York:Taylor & Francis. p. 192.ISBN 978-0-415-46051-4.
  2. ^Johnston, Michael; Heidenheimer, Arnold J. (1989).Political Corruption: A Handbook. New Brunswick, N.J:Transaction Publishers. p. 457.ISBN 0-88738-163-4.
  3. ^Oliver, Michael J; Howard Aldcroft, Derek (2007).Economic Disasters of the Twentieth Century. Cheltenham, UK; Northampton, MA:Edward Elgar Publishing. p. 278.ISBN 978-1-84064-589-7.
  4. ^G. Wesson, Robert (1978).Lenin's Legacy: The Story of the CPSU. Stanford, CA:Hoover Press. p. 250.ISBN 0-8179-6922-5.
  5. ^Garthoff, Raymond L. (1994).Détente and Confrontation: American-Soviet Relations from Nixon to Reagan. Washington, DC:Brookings Institution Press. p. 613.ISBN 0-8157-3041-1.
  6. ^Service, Robert (2009).History of Modern Russia: From Tsarism to the Twenty-first Century. London:Penguin Books Ltd. p. 407.ISBN 978-0-14-103797-4.
  7. ^Parrott, Bruce (1985).Trade, Technology, and Soviet-American Relations. Bloomington:Indiana University Press. p. 86.ISBN 0-253-36025-0.
  8. ^Burroughs, William James (1997).Does the Weather Really Matter?: The Social Implications of Climate Change. Cambridge:Cambridge University Press. p. 89.ISBN 0-521-56126-4.
  9. ^Wilson, David (1983).The Demand for Energy in the Soviet Union. London : Croom Helm:Taylor & Francis. p. 69.ISBN 0-7099-2704-5.
  10. ^Nuti, Leopoldi (2009).The Crisis of Détente in Europe: From Helsinki to Gorbachev, 1975–1985. London; New York:Taylor & Francis. p. 192.ISBN 978-0-415-46051-4.
  11. ^Beissinger, Mark R. (1988).Scientific Management, Socialist Discipline, and Soviet Power. Cambridge, Massachusetts:Harvard University Press. p. 248.ISBN 0-674-79490-7.
  12. ^McFarlane, Bruce J. (1982).Radical Economics. London; Croom Helm:Taylor & Francis. p. 209.ISBN 0-7099-1733-3.
  13. ^Hainsworth, Frank (1978).Economics, What Went Wrong? An Introduction to Political Economy. Vol. 1. Sydney:Taylor & Francis. p. 66.ISBN 0-454-00092-8.
Preceded by
8th Plan
1968 – 1971
 9th Five-Year Plan
1971–1975		Succeeded by
10th Plan
1975 – 1980
Events (1964–1982)
Events (1982–1985)
Politburo members
Leaders
Governments
National economy
Reforms
Five-year plans
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