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TheNaval Cadet Corps (Russian:Морской кадетский корпус,romanized: Morskoy kadetskiy korpus), occasionally translated as the Marine Cadet Corps or the Sea Cadet Corps, was an educational establishment for educating naval officers for commissioning in theImperial Russian Navy inSaint Petersburg. TheSaint Petersburg Naval Institute traces its lineage from the Naval Cadet Corps.
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The first maritime educational school was established by Peter the Great inMoscow as theSchool of Navigation and Mathematical Sciences by his decree of 14 January 1701. A branch of the school was created in 1713 as theNaval Guards Academy [ru] or theSaint Petersburg Naval Academy. The first instructor there was an Englishman who entered Russian service in 1698, and Peter the Great personally took an interest in the running of the academy. The Moscow Navigation School and the Naval Guard Academy were combined as the Naval Gentry Cadet Corps on 15 December 1752 and it became the key educational establishment commissioning officers for theImperial Russian Navy. In 1762 it was renamed the Naval Cadet Corps.[1]
Following the destruction of the building in a fire in 1771 the school transferred toKronstadt until 1796, when the EmperorPaul I (who held the rank ofgeneral admiral of the navy) ordered a new building in the capital. A new building on the Neva River embankment onVasilievsky Island was built to house the school. In 1827 a class for officers was created (later becoming theNaval Academy). The Corps was renamed to the Naval School in the 1860s military reforms before its name was restored as Naval Cadet Corps in 1891. Graduates were commissioned with the rank ofmichman in the Imperial Navy.[1]
The school closed in March 1918. On 15 September 1918, a special order established courses for the navy command staff, which opened on 10 October in the former Naval School building. The courses educated officers for the newRed Navy. In 1926 the school was named theM.V. Frunze Higher Naval School. The school was merged with theHigher Naval School of Submarine Navigation in 1998, and renamed theSaint Petersburg Naval Institute. In 2001, it received the name Peter the Great Naval Corps - Saint Petersburg Naval Institute, marking the 300th anniversary of naval education in Russia.[2][3]
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